The correlation of two different real-time PCR devices for the analysis of CYP2C19 pharmacogenetic results

CYP2C19 is a highly polymorphic gene responsible for the metabolism of commonly used drugs. CYP2C19*1, the wild-type allele, is associated with normal enzyme activity, whereas CYP2C19*2 and CYP2C19*17 lead to null and increased enzyme activity, respectively. The use of different instruments to perform the same pharmacogenetic tests should not affect the reliability of the results reported to clinicians, as required by the ISO 15189 standard. Genotyping assays allowed for the identification of gene variants corresponding to the CYP2C19*2 and CYP2C19*17 haplotypes in 44 selected samples. Each sample was analyzed in duplicate using the Thermo Fisher Taqman Drug Metabolism probes CYP2C19*2: c_25986767_70 (rs4244285) and CYP2C19*17: c_469857_10 (rs12248560). The experiments were performed on two widely used types of real-time PCR analyzers: ABI PRSIM™7500 and QuantStudioTM12KFlex (both from Applied Biosystems, Thermofisher). The data were analyzed in a Thermo Fisher Cloud facility. The analysis was performed independently by two qualified professionals. Both different instruments and analysts’ interpretations were consistent in identifying the native homozygous, heterozygous, and mutant homozygous variants for CYP2C19*2 and CYP2C19*17. The results provided by both the primary and backup analyzers showed a perfect correlation. This would allow for the use of the backup analyzer in case the main one is not available

Famílies botàniques de plantes medicinals

Facultat de Farmàcia, Universitat de Barcelona. Ensenyament: Grau de Farmàcia, Assignatura: Botànica Farmacèutica, Curs: 2013-2014, Coordinadors: Joan Simon, Cèsar Blanché i Maria Bosch.Els materials que aquí es presenten són els recull de 175 treballs d’una família botànica d’interès medicinal realitzats de manera individual. Els treballs han estat realitzat per la totalitat dels estudiants dels grups M-2 i M-3 de l’assignatura Botànica Farmacèutica durant els mesos d’abril i maig del curs 2013-14. Tots els treballs s’han dut a terme a través de la plataforma de GoogleDocs i han estat tutoritzats pel professor de l’assignatura i revisats i finalment co-avaluats entre els propis estudiants. L’objectiu principal de l’activitat ha estat fomentar l’aprenentatge autònom i col·laboratiu en Botànica farmacèutica

Effect of remote ischaemic conditioning on clinical outcomes in patients with acute myocardial infarction (CONDI-2/ERIC-PPCI): a single-blind randomised controlled trial.

BACKGROUND: Remote ischaemic conditioning with transient ischaemia and reperfusion applied to the arm has been shown to reduce myocardial infarct size in patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PPCI). We investigated whether remote ischaemic conditioning could reduce the incidence of cardiac death and hospitalisation for heart failure at 12 months. METHODS: We did an international investigator-initiated, prospective, single-blind, randomised controlled trial (CONDI-2/ERIC-PPCI) at 33 centres across the UK, Denmark, Spain, and Serbia. Patients (age >18 years) with suspected STEMI and who were eligible for PPCI were randomly allocated (1:1, stratified by centre with a permuted block method) to receive standard treatment (including a sham simulated remote ischaemic conditioning intervention at UK sites only) or remote ischaemic conditioning treatment (intermittent ischaemia and reperfusion applied to the arm through four cycles of 5-min inflation and 5-min deflation of an automated cuff device) before PPCI. Investigators responsible for data collection and outcome assessment were masked to treatment allocation. The primary combined endpoint was cardiac death or hospitalisation for heart failure at 12 months in the intention-to-treat population. This trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT02342522) and is completed. FINDINGS: Between Nov 6, 2013, and March 31, 2018, 5401 patients were randomly allocated to either the control group (n=2701) or the remote ischaemic conditioning group (n=2700). After exclusion of patients upon hospital arrival or loss to follow-up, 2569 patients in the control group and 2546 in the intervention group were included in the intention-to-treat analysis. At 12 months post-PPCI, the Kaplan-Meier-estimated frequencies of cardiac death or hospitalisation for heart failure (the primary endpoint) were 220 (8·6%) patients in the control group and 239 (9·4%) in the remote ischaemic conditioning group (hazard ratio 1·10 [95% CI 0·91-1·32], p=0·32 for intervention versus control). No important unexpected adverse events or side effects of remote ischaemic conditioning were observed. INTERPRETATION: Remote ischaemic conditioning does not improve clinical outcomes (cardiac death or hospitalisation for heart failure) at 12 months in patients with STEMI undergoing PPCI. FUNDING: British Heart Foundation, University College London Hospitals/University College London Biomedical Research Centre, Danish Innovation Foundation, Novo Nordisk Foundation, TrygFonden

Early Treatment with Growth Hormone (GH) and Rehabilitation Recovers Hearing in a Child with Cerebral Palsy

Neonatal hearing loss is one of the most common anomalies and is frequently associated with delivery problems. The effects of growth hormone (GH) on brain regeneration after an injury are well known. This paper looks at a male child diagnosed with cerebral palsy, psychomotor affectation, left spastic hemiparesis, and bilateral sensorineural hearing loss after fetal distress due to ruptured membranes before the delivery of more than 30 hours of evolution and several episodes of severe hypoglycemia. From 3.5 months of age, we treated him with GH (0.04 mg/kg/day), Melatonin (5 mg/day and 6 months later 10 mg/day) and rehabilitation, for a period of 14 months; at discharge, the child fully recovered all the disabilities produced by his cerebral palsy, including normal hearing; GMFM-88 increased from 7.84% to 48.23%; Battelle scores increased from 2 to 9 after 7 months of treatment, and to 30, 1 year after discharge. Most likely hearing loss was recovered due to the effect of GH on the production of hair cells from stem cells (only present in very young children) in the cochlear sensory epithelium. This is the first case of recovery of hearing loss in humans after GH administration. Moreover, GH administration is useful and safe for early treatment of cerebral palsy

Burnout and posttraumatic stress in paediatric critical care personnel: Prediction from resilience and coping styles

Our aims were 1) to explore the prevalence of burnout syndrome (BOS) and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in a sample of Spanish staff working in the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU) and compare these rates with a sample of general pediatric staff and 2) to explore how resilience, coping strategies and professional and demographic variables influence BOS and PTSD. Materials and Methods: This is a multicenter, cross sectional study. Data was collected in the PICU and in other pediatric wards of nine hospitals. Participants consisted of 298 PICU staff members (57 physicians, 177 nurses and 64 nursing assistants) and 189 professionals working in non-critical pediatric units (53 physicians, 104 nurses and 32 nursing assistants). They completed the Brief Resilience Scale, the Coping strategies questionnaire for health care providers, the Maslach Burnout inventory and the Trauma Screening Questionnaire. Results: 56% of PICU working staff reported burnout in at least one dimension (36.20% scored over the cutoff for emotional exhaustion, 27.20% for Depersonalization and 20.10% for low Personal accomplishment), and 20.1% reported PTSD. There were no differences in burnout and PTSD scores between PICU and non-PICU staff members, either among physicians, nurses and nursing assistants. Higher burnout and PTSD rates emerged after the death of a child and/or conflicts with patients/families or colleagues. Around 30% of the variance in BOS and PTSD is predicted by a frequent usage of the emotion-focused coping style and an infrequent usage of the problem-focused coping style. Discussion and Conclusions: Interventions to prevent and treat distress among pediatric staff members are needed and should be focused on: 1) Promoting active emotional processing of traumatic events and encouraging positive thinking, 2) developing a sense of detached concern, 3) improving the ability to solve interpersonal conflicts and 3) providing adequate training in end-of-life car

Didactics of knowledge management and digital humanities for cultural heritage contemporary preservation. From traditional dictionaries to libraries as a conversation

De los diccionarios tradicionales a las Biblioguías virtuales en conservación del patrimonio se desarrolla el proceso de Knowledge Management y los alumnos son parte investigadora y productora del conocimiento gracias a las conversaciones con los bibliotecarios, archiveros y especialistas en digitalización. Las conversaciones e interacciones en el espectro real o presencial tienen su reflejo en el marco virtual gracias a la tecnología, cuyas narrativas pasan de ser lineales a interconectadas gracias a los metadatos y recuperadas a través de las palabras clave de los diccionarios y tesauros en conservación del patrimonio cultural. Experiencias de innovación docentes previas como el Diccionario de “Terminología básica de conservación y restauración del Patrimonio Cultural 2. Español – Inglés – Francés – Italiano – Alemán” dirigido por Ana Calvo (PID 2015 nº 293) nos sirve de punto de apoyo para comprender la importancia de los términos y palabras clave en las búsquedas digitales y están relacionadas con los tesauros de clasificación de las bibliotecas. Se pretende continuar con su desarrollo y el estudio por parte de los alumnos ampliando los términos a la praxis de la gestión de riesgos, integrados en el ciclo de gestión de conocimiento digital y haciéndolos accesibles a través de la biblioguía especializada en conservación del patrimonio, implementándose paulatinamente como fórmula de conversación con la Biblioteca.From traditional dictionaries to virtual libraries in heritage conservation, the process of Knowledge Management develops and students are part of the research and production of knowledge through conversations with librarians, archivists and digitisation specialists. Conversations and interactions in the real or face-to-face spectrum are reflected in the virtual framework thanks to technology, whose narratives go from being linear to interconnected thanks to metadata and retrieved through the keywords of dictionaries and thesauri in cultural heritage conservation. Previous teaching innovation experiences such as the Dictionary of "Basic Terminology of Conservation and Restoration of Cultural Heritage 2. Spanish - English - French - Italian - German" directed by Ana Calvo (PID 2015 no. 293) serve as a support point to understand the importance of terms and keywords in digital searches and are related to the classification thesauri of libraries. It is intended to continue with its development and study by the students by extending the terms to the praxis of risk management, integrated into the digital knowledge management cycle and making them accessible through the bibliography specialising in heritage conservation, gradually being implemented as a formula for conversation with the Library.Depto. de Pintura y Conservación-RestauraciónFac. de Bellas ArtesFALSEINNOVA-Docentiasubmitte

Pseudomonas aeruginosa antibiotic susceptibility profiles, genomic epidemiology and resistance mechanisms: a nation-wide five-year time lapse analysisResearch in context

Summary: Background: Pseudomonas aeruginosa healthcare-associated infections are one of the top antimicrobial resistance threats world-wide. In order to analyze the current trends, we performed a Spanish nation-wide high-resolution analysis of the susceptibility profiles, the genomic epidemiology and the resistome of P. aeruginosa over a five-year time lapse. Methods: A total of 3.180 nonduplicated P. aeruginosa clinical isolates from two Spanish nation-wide surveys performed in October 2017 and 2022 were analyzed. MICs of 13 antipseudomonals were determined by ISO-EUCAST. Multidrug resistance (MDR)/extensively drug resistance (XDR)/difficult to treat resistance (DTR)/pandrug resistance (PDR) profiles were defined following established criteria. All XDR/DTR isolates were subjected to whole genome sequencing (WGS). Findings: A decrease in resistance to all tested antibiotics, including older and newer antimicrobials, was observed in 2022 vs 2017. Likewise, a major reduction of XDR (15.2% vs 5.9%) and DTR (4.2 vs 2.1%) profiles was evidenced, and even more patent among ICU isolates [XDR (26.0% vs 6.0%) and DTR (8.9% vs 2.6%)] (p < 0.001). The prevalence of Extended-spectrum β-lactamase/carbapenemase production was slightly lower in 2022 (2.1%. vs 3.1%, p = 0.064). However, there was a significant increase in the proportion of carbapenemase production among carbapenem-resistant strains (29.4% vs 18.1%, p = 0.0246). While ST175 was still the most frequent clone among XDR, a slight reduction in its prevalence was noted (35.9% vs 45.5%, p = 0.106) as opposed to ST235 which increased significantly (24.3% vs 12.3%, p = 0.0062). Interpretation: While the generalized decrease in P. aeruginosa resistance, linked to a major reduction in the prevalence of XDR strains, is encouraging, the negative counterpart is the increase in the proportion of XDR strains producing carbapenemases, associated to the significant advance of the concerning world-wide disseminated hypervirulent high-risk clone ST235. Continued high-resolution surveillance, integrating phenotypic and genomic data, is necessary for understanding resistance trends and analyzing the impact of national plans on antimicrobial resistance. Funding: MSD and the Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación and Unión Europea—NextGenerationEU

Revista electrónica interuniversitaria de formación del profesorado

Monográfico con el título: 'La universidad de la convergencia. Acreditación y certificaciones. Estrategias docentes, tutoriales y evaluadoras de reforma'. Resumen basado en el de la publicaciónEl Espacio Europeo de Educación Superior (EEES) pone el acento en dos cuestiones básicas: el aprendizaje y el trabajo del alumno. Al hilo de ese discurso, se pretende dar a conocer las posibilidades del cuaderno de bitácora como recurso formativo y como instrumento de investigación-acción en el ámbito de la educación universitaria. La bitácora se presenta aquí como un instrumento al servicio de una pedagogía de la esperanza y de la autonomía, frente a la pedagogía de la sumisión, capaz de convertir el aula en un espacio reflexivo, crítico y comunicativo.AragónES

Tratamientos Psicológicos Empíricamente Apoyados Para la Infancia y Adolescencia: : Estado de la Cuestión

Background: The empirical evidence accumulated on the effi cacy, effectiveness, and effi ciency of psychotherapeutic treatments in children and adolescents calls for an update. The main goal of this paper objective was to carry out a selective review of empirically supported psychological treatments for a variety of common psychological disorders and problems in childhood and adolescence. Method: A review was carried out of the psychological treatments for different psychological disorders and problems in socialemotional or behavioral adjustment in the child-adolescent population according to the Spanish National Health System (Clinical Practice Guidelines) levels of evidence and degrees of recommendation. Results: The fi ndings suggest that psychological treatments have empirical support for addressing a wide range of psychological problems in these developmental stages. The degree of empirical support ranges from low to high depending on the phenomenon analyzed. The review suggests unequal progress in the different fi elds of intervention. Conclusions: From this update, psychologists will be able to make informed decisions when implementing those empirically supported treatments to address the problems that occur in childhood and adolescence.Antecedentes: la evidencia empírica acumulada en los últimos años sobre la efi cacia, efectividad y efi ciencia de los tratamientos psicológicos en la infancia y adolescencia reclama una actualización. El principal objetivo de este artículo es el de llevar a cabo una revisión de los tratamientos psicológicos empíricamente apoyados para una diversidad de problemas psicológicos habituales en la infancia y la adolescencia. Método: se revisan los tratamientos psicológicos para diferentes trastornos psicológicos y problemas en el ajuste socioemocional o conductual en población infanto-juvenil en función de los niveles de evidencia y grados de recomendación del Sistema Nacional de Salud de España (Guías de Práctica Clínica). Resultados: los hallazgos sugieren que los tratamientos psicológicos específi camente dirigidos a niños, niñas y adolescentes disponen de apoyo empírico para el abordaje de un amplio elenco de problemas psicológicos. Este grado de apoyo empírico oscila de bajo a alto en función del problema analizado. La revisión muestra un avance desigual en los diferentes campos de intervención. Conclusiones: a partir de esta actualización, los profesionales de la psicología podrán tomar decisiones informadas a la hora de implementar aquellas intervenciones psicológicas con apoyo empírico para el abordaje de los problemas en la infancia y la adolescenci