Sensorial evaluation of continuously fermented beer and the role of process parameters in adjusting its flavour profile

Although traditional batch overwhelmingly prevails over continuous fermentation, a breakthrough in quality and savings could be achieved by a simple, flexible and cheap fermentation system. This work deals with a complete continuous beer fermentation consisting of an airlift and a packed-bed reactor containing yeast immobilized on spent grains and corncobs, respectively. The goal was to study the influence of process parameters on bioreactor performance and flavour profile of beer. Consumers considered the continuously fermented beer to be of a regular quality. The possibility of flavour adjustments by changing the process parameters was proved by a panel of experienced tasters.Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (FCT) - SFRH/BPD/3541/2000.MŠMT - MSM 6046137305, Czech Republic.Fundação de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP).UNICER S.A

PROSPECTS OF PINUS AND EUCALYPTUS PRODUCING COMPANIES IN THE STATE OF PARANÁ

The objective of this work was to analyze the prospects for the next five years in relation to planted area, forest production, investment intention and hiring of employees. The research had as its area of coverage the state of Paraná and as a source of data, companies (legal entities) producers of forest raw material of planted origin that operate in the state. The contacts with the companies were obtained from the Paraná Association of Forest Based Companies (APRE), the Organization of Cooperatives of the State of Paraná (OCEPAR), SINPACEL and ABIMCI. The questionnaires were sent by e-mail to the entire contact base, aiming at the census. Thus, the resulting sample is made up of 41 companies, segmented between integrated and non-integrated companies, which corresponds to 17 and 24 companies. The evaluation answers were carried out. For the identification of the companies’ prospects, it was requested to fill in a table indicating a percentage (0 to 100%) that reflects the projections for the next 5 years. The prospects related to the planted area, production and investments were positive, however, the panoramas related to hiring new employees by the pulp and paper industry (integrated companies) presents a prospect of reduction. The Timos are the group that has the most positive expectations, being responsible for the expansion of the planted area, volume produced, investment and hiring of employees

Determination of strategic orientation of the Alto Vale do Rio Negro Furniture Pole

O objetivo do trabalho é caracterizar e identificar a estratégia competitiva desenvolvida pelo polo moveleiro do Alto Vale do Rio Negro a partir das três estratégias genéricas propostas por Porter (1980): baixo custo, diferenciação e foco. A identificação das estratégias foi por meio da aplicação de questionário e análise de correspondência. Em geral, as empresas do polo são exportadoras, de médio ou pequeno porte, produzem móveis residenciais, retilíneos sob encomenda ou de forma seriada. A análise dos dados evidenciou que o grupo de moveleiras analisadas não apresenta uma estratégia genérica pura, pois as estratégias de baixo custo e diferenciação foram consideradas igualmente importantes. Verificou-se que as firmas com maior parte da sua produção voltada para o mercado externo adotam a estratégia de baixo custo e as moveleiras de grande porte perseguem a estratégia de baixo custo e diferenciação simultaneamente.The objective is to identify and characterize the competitive strategy developed by the furniture production center of the Alto Vale do Rio Negro from the three generic strategies proposed by Porter (1980): low cost, differentiation and focus. The identification of strategies was through a questionnaire and correspondence analysis. In general, companies are exporters, medium-sized or small, producing residential furniture, custom straight or serially. Data analysis showed that the group of companies analyzed does not have a generic pure strategy because the differentiation and low cost strategies were considered equally important. It was found that the companies with most of their production for foreign markets adopting a low cost strategy and large companies pursuing a strategy of differentiation and low cost simultaneously

Efeitos da freqüência de conhecimento de performance na aprendizagem de habilidades motoras

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of knowledge of performance (KP) frequency on motor skill learning. Thirty five female (20-30 years) were organized in two experimental groups: KP 100% (n = 18) and KP 33% (n = 17). A rope skill from rhythmic gymnastics was used. The design involved acquisition and retention phases with 60 and 10 trials, respectively. Performance was evaluated in terms of movement pattern. The results showed similar performance on the retention test. It was concluded that the frequencies of 100% and 33% of KP allowed similar learning.O objetivo dessa pesquisa foi investigar os efeitos da freqüência do conhecimento de performance (CP) na aprendizagem de habilidades motoras. Participaram da pesquisa 35 sujeitos do sexo feminino com idades entre 20 e 30 anos, os quais foram organizados em dois grupos experimentais: CP 100% (n=18) e CP 33% (n = 7). Foi utilizada como tarefa de aprendizagem uma habilidade com corda da GRD. O delineamento envolveu as fases de aquisição e retenção com a execução de 60 e 10 tentativas respectivamente. O desempenho foi avaliado no que se refere ao padrão de movimento. De acordo com os resultados, houve desempenho similar entre os dois grupos no teste de retenção. Concluiu-se, dessa forma, que as freqüências de 100 e 33% possibilitaram aprendizagem semelhant

Computer Simulation Model for Outpatient Clinics in a Brazilian Large Public Hospital Specialized in Cardiology

Goal: the main objective of this study is to analyze the behavior of the outpatient department of a large public hospital specialized in cardiology, understanding how the components of this system are related, in order to improve the hospital’s performance. Design / Methodology / Approach: a case study was carried out in a public hospital specializing in cardiology with the aid of Modeling and Simulation of System Dynamics. Results: the result showed that variables such as doctor availability and average consultation time have great influence on the service capacity. Limitations of the investigation: the proceedings and times related to the medical staff are particular to each team and they are not standardized. However, in the system dynamics modeling these particularities cannot be included. Practical implications: for theory, there is the state-of-the-art development in terms of how to manage and regarding the methodologies should be applied in a complex referential model composed of several moderating variables, in order to obtain the best use of the available resources (human and material) of the hospital. For practice, the flow of patients in the hospital should be predicted and optimized, adding value to the services provided to its users. Originality / Value: the originality of the work is based on the unprecedented application of quantitative methods for solving problems in Brazilian hospitals

Antimicrobial and cytotoxic effects of phosphoric acid solution compared to other root canal irrigants

Phosphoric acid has been suggested as an irrigant due to its effectiveness in removing the smear layer. The purpose of this study was to compare the antimicrobial and cytotoxic effects of a 37% phosphoric acid solution to other irrigants commonly used in endodontics. The substances 37% phosphoric acid, 17% EDTA, 10% citric acid, 2% chlorhexidine (solution and gel), and 5.25% NaOCl were evaluated. The antimicrobial activity was tested against Candida albicans, Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecalis, Escherichia coli, Actinomyces meyeri, Parvimonas micra, Porphyromonas gingivalis, and Prevotella nigrescensaccording to the agar diffusion method. The cytotoxicity of the irrigants was determined by using the MTT assay. Phosphoric acid presented higher antimicrobial activity compared to the other tested irrigants. With regard to the cell viability, this solution showed results similar to those with 5.25% NaOCl and 2% chlorhexidine (gel and solution), whereas 17% EDTA and 10% citric acid showed higher cell viability compared to other irrigants. Phosphoric acid demonstrated higher antimicrobial activity and cytotoxicity similar to that of 5.25% NaOCl and 2% chlorhexidine (gel and solution).232158163CONSELHO NACIONAL DE DESENVOLVIMENTO CIENTÍFICO E TECNOLÓGICO - CNPQCOORDENAÇÃO DE APERFEIÇOAMENTO DE PESSOAL DE NÍVEL SUPERIOR - CAPESFUNDAÇÃO DE AMPARO À PESQUISA DO ESTADO DE SÃO PAULO - FAPESP302575/2009-0Sem informação2009/53976-0; 2010/50817-5; 2011/09047-

Effects of nitrogen dosage and urea source on morphological composition and forage accumulation in massai grass

The effects of nitrogen (N) dose and urea source on forage mass (FM), percentage of dry matter of leaf blades (LBDMP), stem (SDMP), and dead material (DMDMP), and the forage accumulation rate (FAR) of Panicum maximum ‘Massai’ (massai grass) were evaluated. We set up an experiment with a completely randomized block design in a factorial arrangement (3×2) + 1, consisting of three doses (100, 200, and 400 kg ha–1 year–1), two urea sources (common and coated with Policote®), and a control treatment, in five consecutive climatic seasons, including the summers of 2011/2012 (summer I), autumn, winter, and spring of 2012, and the summers of 2012/2013 (summer II). We found an interaction effect between N dose, urea source, and season (p < 0.05). LBDMP linearly increased during dry periods (autumn and winter) and SDMP in autumn and DMDMP in winter linearly decreased when coated urea were used. FAR showed a linear increase with the use of both urea sources, except for common urea in autumn, and the increases in the winter were owing to a greater contribution of leaf blades to FM. The use of coated urea for N fertilization linearly increases FAR in all seasons of the year and improves the morphological composition of the forage of massai grass, mainly in dry seasons

Estudio y análisis de las tecnologías de información y comunicación (TIC) en odontología en Rio Grande do Sul.

Analizar el uso de las tecnologías de información y comunicación (TIC) por odontólogos que egresaron a partir de 2002 en el estado de Rio Grande do Sul Brasil. Método: Análisis estadístico descriptivo de los datos de 217 cuestionarios on line con el software SPSS y Test Chi-Cuadrado para la obtención de los porcentajes de las variables de comparación (p<0,05). Resultados: El 61,8% son graduados en facultades públicas y 55,8% tiene, al menos, una especialidad. El consultorio particular como lugar de trabajo surge en 62,2% de las respuestas; 88,9% no utilizan la historia clínica electrónica, siendo la TIC que más desean incorporar a su práctica, constando en el 53,6% de las respuestas. El 87,2% considera que la informatización ayuda en la práctica clínica reconociendo “agilidad” el 78,9%. La mayor dificultad para la incorporación fue el alto costo (67%). Conclusión: La mayoría de los participantes posee equipamientos electrónicos, pero esa práctica no se extiende al consultorio y menos aún a servicios públicos. La informatización ayuda en la práctica clínica, brindando mayor agilidad y practicidad