Saunas en la Hispania prerromana

Los monumentos conocidos como «pedras formosas» en la cultura castreña, junto con un nuevo hallazgo de este tipo identificado en Ulaca (Ávila), deben considerarse como saunas indígenas, relacionados con una referencia de Estrabón (111,3,6). La función de estos baños estaría relacionada con ritos de iniciación de fratrías de guerreros, características de las sociedades indoeuropeas del Bronce Final anteriores a la organización gentilicia, lo que plantea un importante punto de partida para analizar la estructura social e ideológica de la sociedad castreña y sus raíces protocélticas, al mismo tiempo que contribuye a iluminar uno de los capítulos más antiguos de la Historia del Termalismo.In the Castro-Culture of the NW of the Iberian Península and in the oppidunn of Ulaca (Ávila) there is a peculiar type of monuments that can be interpreted as the sweat baths referred by Strabo (111,3,6). The function of such sweat baths must be related to rites of initiation of iuvenes to the warrior class in Indoeuropean society, just before the gentilician organization of the Iron Age. This interpretaron allows a very interesting interpretation of the social and ideological structure of that Castro-Culture society and of its Proto-Celtic origina. But at the same time it illustrates one of the earliest chapters of the History of Thermalism

The pancreatic β-cell in ageing: Implications in age-related diabetes

The prevalence of type 2 diabetes (T2D) and impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) increases with ageing. T2D generally results from progressive impairment of the pancreatic islets to adapt fi-cell mass and function in the setting of insulin resistance and increased insulin demand. Several studies have shown an age-related decline in peripheral insulin sensitivity. However, a precise understanding of the pancreatic fi-cell response in ageing is still lacking. In this review, we summarize the age-related alterations, adaptations and/or failures of fi-cells at the molecular, morphological and functional levels in mouse and human. Age-associated alterations include processes such as fi-cell proliferation, apoptosis and cell identity that can influence fi-cell mass. Age-related changes also affect fi-cell function at distinct steps including electrical activity, Ca2+ signaling and insulin secretion, among others. We will consider the potential impact of these alterations and those mediated by senescence pathways on fi-cells and their implications in age-related T2D. Finally, given the great diversity of results in the field of fi-cell ageing, we will discuss the sources of this heterogeneity. A better understanding of fi-cell biology during ageing, particularly at older ages, will improve our insight into the contribution of fi-cells to ageassociated T2D and may boost new therapeutic strategies

Modulation of Haemophilus influenzae interaction with hydrophobic molecules by the VacJ/MlaA lipoprotein impacts strongly on its interplay with the airways.

Airway infection by nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae (NTHi) associates to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) exacerbation and asthma neutrophilic airway inflammation. Lipids are key inflammatory mediators in these disease conditions and consequently, NTHi may encounter free fatty acids during airway persistence. However, molecular information on the interplay NTHi-free fatty acids is limited, and we lack evidence on the importance of such interaction to infection. Maintenance of the outer membrane lipid asymmetry may play an essential role in NTHi barrier function and interaction with hydrophobic molecules. VacJ/MlaA-MlaBCDEF prevents phospholipid accumulation at the bacterial surface, being the only system involved in maintaining membrane asymmetry identified in NTHi. We assessed the relationship among the NTHi VacJ/MlaA outer membrane lipoprotein, bacterial and exogenous fatty acids, and respiratory infection. The vacJ/mlaA gene inactivation increased NTHi fatty acid and phospholipid global content and fatty acyl specific species, which in turn increased bacterial susceptibility to hydrophobic antimicrobials, decreased NTHi epithelial infection, and increased clearance during pulmonary infection in mice with both normal lung function and emphysema, maybe related to their shared lung fatty acid profiles. Altogether, we provide evidence for VacJ/MlaA as a key bacterial factor modulating NTHi survival at the human airway upon exposure to hydrophobic molecules

Aulas literarias”: Una estrategia pedagógica desde los géneros literarios (Cuentos y poemas) para el mejoramiento de la producción textual en los estudiantes de quinto grado de la Institución Educativa Lirio de los Valles.

Tesis (Licenciado en Educación Básica con Énfasis en Lengua Castellano) – Universidad de Cartagena en Convenio con la Universidad del Tolima. Facultad de Ciencias Sociales y Educación. Programa de Licenciatura en Educación Básica con Énfasis en Lengua Castellana, 2016El presente proyecto se origina ante la necesidad de generar hábitos de lectura y propiciar la producción textual entre los educandos. Este proyecto está enmarcado en la investigación Cualitativa, de carácter descriptivo, que desde la metodología de Investigación Acción pretende la construcción de una propuesta pedagógica en este ámbito

Evaluación de la pertinencia del título universitario “Todos Somos Campus” dirigido a personas con discapacidad intelectual

El título universitario de Estudios Propios “Todos Somos Campus”, cofinanciado por el Fondo Social Europeo y la Iniciativa Empleo Juvenil, a través de la convocatoria de ayudas de Fundación ONCE, permite que jóvenes con discapacidad intelectual se formen en la Universidad de Murcia y se preparen para conseguir un empleo. El programa formativo se desarrolla entre octubre del 2019 y junio de 2020. A lo largo de ese periodo, los 17 jóvenes con discapacidad intelectual se incorporan a las aulas y la vida universitaria a través de la construcción de itinerarios formativos integrales, accesibles y personalizados. El abordaje de contenidos se realiza de forma aplicada y transversal, e incluye un periodo de prácticas que permite al alumnado interactuar con empresas colaboradoras. La metodología de trabajo está basada en grupos de trabajo colaborativos, de apoyo entre iguales, con metas establecidas y completamente accesibles y flexibles, adaptándose a los requerimientos de los contenidos, y permitiendo el establecimiento de sinergias entre ellos, actividades en cadena, trabajo en gran grupo, entre otros. Todos Somos Campus supone una formación para la mejora de la autonomía y la inclusión socio-laboral, sin olvidar que también desarrolla la motivación por el aprendizaje y desempeño responsable de tareas, pudiendo afirmar que la Universidad de Murcia apuesta por establecer un sistema de formación inclusivo y de normalización comunitaria

The Effects of Aging on Male Mouse Pancreatic β-Cell Function Involve Multiple Events in the Regulation of Secretion: Influence of Insulin Sensitivity

Aging is associated with a decline in peripheral insulin sensitivity and an increased risk of impaired glucose tolerance and type 2 diabetes. During conditions of reduced insulin sensitivity, pancreatic β-cells undergo adaptive responses to increase insulin secretion and maintain euglycemia. However, the existence and nature of β-cell adaptations and/or alterations during aging are still a matter of debate. In this study, we investigated the effects of aging on β-cell function from control (3-month-old) and aged (20-month-old) mice. Aged animals were further categorized in two groups: high insulin sensitive (aged-HIS) and low insulin sensitive (aged-LIS). Aged-LIS mice were hyperinsulinemic, glucose intolerant and displayed impaired glucose-stimulated insulin and C-peptide secretion, whereas aged-HIS animals showed characteristics in glucose homeostasis similar to controls. In isolated β-cells, we observed that glucose-induced inhibition of KATP channel activity was reduced with aging, particularly in the aged-LIS group. Glucose-induced islet NAD(P)H production was decreased in aged mice, suggesting impaired mitochondrial function. In contrast, voltage-gated Ca 2+ currents were higher in aged-LIS β-cells, and pancreatic islets of both aged groups displayed increased glucose-induced Ca 2+ signaling and augmented insulin secretion compared with controls. Morphological analysis of pancreas sections also revealed augmented β-cell mass with aging, especially in the aged-LIS group, as well as ultrastructural β-cell changes. Altogether, these findings indicate that aged mouse β-cells compensate for the aging-induced alterations in the stimulus-secretion coupling, particularly by adjusting their Ca 2+ influx to ensure insulin secretion. These results also suggest that decreased peripheral insulin sensitivity exacerbates the effects of aging on β-cells.This research was supported by grants from the Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades, Agencia Estatal de Investigación, Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (FEDER) and Generalitat Valenciana (BFU2017-86579-R and PROMETEO/2020/006 to AN and BFU2016-77125-R to IQ) and from the Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (grant No. 304388/2020-3 to AR) and the Programa Institucional de Internacionalização from the Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES). CIBERDEM is an initiative of the Instituto de Salud Carlos III

Fatty acids as friend or foe: contribution of vacj and vacj and fadl outer membrane proteins to nontypable haemphilus influenzae interplay with the human airways

Trabajo presentado en el 7th Congress of European Microbiologists (FEMS2017), celebrado en Valencia (España), del 9 al 13 de julio de 2017Backgrounds Nontypable Haemophilus influenzae (NTHi) is an opportunistic pathogen associated to exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), a progressive irreversible airflow limitation accompanied by emphysema, fibrosis, inflammation and mucus hypersecretion. Fatty acid metabolites are key molecular mediators of COPD. Thus, NTHi may encounter free fatty acids in its colonizing niche. NTHi contains the fadL gene, encoding a fatty acid outer membrane (OM) transporter, but lacks a complete b-oxidation pathway, and a bactericidal effect of polyunsaturated fatty acids has been described for this pathogen. Conversely, NTHi contains all fatty acids and phospholipids (PL) biosynthetic genes, and vacJ/mlaA-mlaBCDEF, an intermembrane PL trafficking system serving to prevent PL accumulation in the OM, being VacJ/MlaA an OM lipoprotein. Mla mutant suppression by phospholipases (Pld) may result in production of free fatty acids that, in turn, could be taken by FadL, therefore functionally relating VacJ and FadL. In NTHi, Plds distribution is unknown, fatty acids uptake has not been shown, and VacJ contributes to virulence. We hypothesize that fatty acids uptake may not be fruitful to NTHi; also, VacJ and FadL may modulate bacterial fatty acid composition and/or interaction dynamics with exogenous hydrophobic molecules. Objectives Analysis of FadL and VacJ contribution to NTHi-host interplay. Methods NTHi vacJ and fadL mutant strains were generated and characterized in terms of growth, lipidic composition, lipid A structure, resistance to hydrophobic antimicrobials, airway infection in vitro and in vivo. Conclusions The results obtained highlight the importance of maintaining the bacterial surface integrity as a whole during NTHi airway infectionPeer reviewe

El desbalance del metabolismo de glucosa por inactivación génica condiciona la interacción hospedador-patógeno durante la infección respiratoria por Haemophilus invluenzae

Trabajo presentado en la XII Reunión del Grupo Especializado SEM, celebrada en Zaragoza (España) del 5 al 7 de septiembre de 2018Peer reviewe