1,134 research outputs found
Reexamining the Racial Record of Abraham Lincoln
Since his death in 1865 Abraham Lincoln has been universally honored in black America. In many black homes and businesses, his photograph often hangs in honor next to the one of Martin Luther King Jr. But a new book by Ebony editor Lerone Bennett Jr. contends that Lincoln was a crude bigot who told demeaning darky jokes, had an unquenchable thirst for minstrel shows, consistently used the word nigger, and supported efforts to ship Negroes back to Africa.
As Jack E. White pointed out in a recent Time magazine article, this book largely has been ignored by the mainstream press. The book was not reviewed in The Washington Post, The New Yorker, The Chicago Tribune, or USA Today.
JBHE [Journal of Blacks in Higher Education] asked a group of leading Lincoln scholars for their opinions of the Bennett book and the controversy surrounding its publication. Here are the replies
Effect Of Fluocinolone Acetonide Cream On Human Skin Blood Flow
Blood flow rate was measured in the forearm skin of human subjects exposed to ultraviolet irradiation. Blood flow was determined by the 133Xe disappearance technique 18hr after ultraviolet (UV) irradiation with a Westinghouse RS sunlamp held 10 inches from the skin for 10min. Ultraviolet irradiation caused skin blood flow to increase. Application of fluocinolone acetonide cream, 0.025%, 4 times in the 16hr following UV irradiation had no effect on either control skin blood flow or the UV-induced hyperemia
Custom Integrated Circuits
Contains report on one research project.U.S. Air Force - Office of Scientific Research (Contract F49620-80-C-0073
Applying Market Shaping Approaches to Increase Access to Assistive Technology: Summary of the Wheelchair Product Narrative
To accelerate access to assistive technology (AT), we need to leverage the capabilities and
resources of the public, private, and non-profit sectors to harness innovation and break down
barriers to access. Market shaping interventions can play a role in enhancing market efficiencies,
coordinating and incentivizing the number of stakeholders involved in demand and supply-side
activities. Across health sectors, market shaping has demonstrated its potential to enhance national
governments’ or donors’ value-for-money, diversify the supply base, and increase reliability –
ultimately increasing product and service delivery access for end users. These market shaping
successes in other health areas have led practitioners to hypothesize that market shaping could also
be applied to assistive technology markets.
ATscale, the Global Partnership for AT, aims to mobilise global stakeholders to shape markets in
line with a unified strategy. To inform this strategy, it is critical to identify specific interventions
required to shape markets and overcome barriers. The first product undergoing analysis by
ATscale is wheelchairs. The market for appropriate wheelchairs in low-and middle income
countries (LMICs) is highly fragmented and characterized by limited government interest,
investment, and a low willingness-to-pay. Moreover, the market is dominated by cheaper, low
quality wheelchairs which fail to meet the needs of end-users. Non-profit organizations have
attempted to fill the need for context-appropriate wheelchairs, but market uptake is limited. These
initial findings led ATscale to believe that market shaping could support increased access to
appropriate wheelchairs.
This paper outlines what market shaping is, and how it can be applied to assistive technology at
large -- using the aforementioned wheelchair product narrative as an illustrative case study and
presents the proposed market shaping strategy for wheelchairs. ATscale will develop a framework
to evaluate short-term interventions identified to achieve a healthy market and increase access.
This paper provides an opportunity to obtain feedback from interested stakeholders on the market
shaping strategy for wheelchairs, as well as the product narrative process to be undertaken for
other priority AT
Issue Brief: Indiana’s Health Professions Workforce Shortages and Mal-distribution
Workforce shortages have been documented across a broad spectrum of health profession disciplines in Indiana. Currently, federal, state and local programs exist to recruit and retain health professionals in our state; however, these programs have had minimal impact on the underlying factors that contribute to the problem. Additional steps must be taken to expand the supply of health professionals to adequately meet the growing need for health care services among Indiana residents. While many health professional shortages exist, this brief will focus on the primary care physicians and nurses needed to provide medical homes for residents of our state
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The spatial structure of the 128 ka Antarctic sea ice minimum
We compare multi-ice core data with δ18O model output for the early last interglacial Antarctic sea-ice minimum. The spatial pattern of δ18O across Antarctica is sensitive to the spatial pattern of sea-ice retreat. Local sea ice retreat increases the proportion of winter precipitation, depleting δ18O at ice core sites. However, retreat also enriches δ18O because of the reduced source to-site distance for atmospheric vapour. The joint overall effect is for δ18O to increase as sea ice is reduced. Our data-model comparison indicates a winter sea-ice retreat of 67, 59 and 43 % relative to pre-industrial in the Atlantic, Indian and Pacific sectors of the Southern Ocean. A compilation of Southern Ocean sea-ice proxy data provides weak support for this reconstruction. However, most published marine core sites are located too far north of the 128,000 years BP sea ice edge, preventing independent corroboration for this sea ice reconstruction.This work was funded by NERC grant numbers NE/P009271/1,
NE/P013279/1 and NE/K004514/1. MH was also supported by the EPSRC-funded Past Earth Network (Grant number EP/M008363/1). EW is supported by a Royal Society Professorship
Rift structure and sediment infill of hyperextended continental crust: insights from 3D seismic and well data (Xisha Trough, South China Sea)
Three‐dimensional seismic and well data from the deepwater Xisha Trough are used to investigate the rift structure and sediment infill of a region formed adjacently to the initial oceanic ridge of the South China Sea (SCS). The high‐quality data permitted a detailed analysis of features such as: (1) detachment faults soling out at the Moho, (2) rotated and thinned continental blocks covered by thick sediment, and (3) changes in the location of basin depocenters resulting from detachment faulting. During the continental rifting phase (Eocene to earliest Oligocene), faulting was broadly distributed in Xisha Trough and resulted in the generation of isolated grabens/half‐grabens filled by proximal sediment sources. During continental breakup in the Northwest Ocean Sector of SCS (Oligocene), extension became restricted to a narrow region where highly tilted continental blocks and thin crust were formed. Sediment was, at that time, fed to distal depocenters, which are presently bounded by listric faults rooted in a basal detachment. Later in a second stage (early Miocene), synchronously with continental breakup in the Southwest Ocean Sector of the SCS, the study area was blanketed by thick sediment. During the two continental breakup events, the hyperextended Xisha Trough was affected by closely spaced, small‐scale faults rather than large basement‐related structures. Our study highlights the effect of continental breakup as a way to broaden sediment influx from multiple sources into deepwater basins. As a corollary, this work recognizes two distinct breakup sequences in the Xisha Trough, and concludes on their geodynamic significance to the SCS
Patterns and frequency of anxiety in women undergoing gynaecological surgery
Patterns and frequency of anxiety in women undergoing gynaecological surgery
Aims. Within a gynaecological surgical setting to identify the patterns and frequency
of anxiety pre- and postoperatively; to identify any correlation between raised
anxiety levels and postoperative pain; to identify events, from the patients’ perspective,
that may increase or decrease anxiety in the pre- and postoperative periods.
Background. It is well documented that surgery is associated with increased anxiety,
which has an adverse impact on patient outcomes. Few studies have been conducted
to obtain the patient’s perspective on the experience of anxiety and the events and
situations that aggravate and ameliorate it.
Method. The study used a mixed method approach. The sample consisted of women
undergoing planned gynaecological surgery. Anxiety was assessed using the State
Trait Anxiety Inventory. Trait anxiety was measured at the time of recruitment.
State anxiety was then assessed at six time points during the pre- and postoperative
periods. Postoperative pain was also measured using a 10 cm visual analogue scale.
Taped semi-structured telephone interviews were conducted approximately a week
after discharge.
Results. State anxiety rose steadily from the night before surgery to the point of
leaving the ward to go to theatre. Anxiety then increased sharply prior to the
anaesthetic decreasing sharply afterwards. Patients with higher levels of trait anxiety
were more likely to experience higher levels of anxiety throughout their admission.
Elevated levels of pre- and postoperative anxiety were associated with increased
levels of postoperative pain. Telephone interviews revealed a range of events/situations
that patients recalled distressing them and many were related to inadequate
information.
Conclusion. This study found higher rates of anxiety than previously reported and
anxiety levels appeared raised before admission to hospital. This has important
clinical and research implications.Relevance to clinical practice. Patients with high levels of anxiety may be identified
preoperatively and interventions designed to reduce anxiety could be targeted to this
vulnerable group. Patient experiences can inform the delivery of services to meet
their health needs better
Using VO tools to investigate distant radio starbursts hosting obscured AGN in the HDF(N) region
A 10-arcmin field around the HDF(N) contains 92 radio sources >40 uJy,
resolved by MERLIN+VLA at 0".2-2".0 resolution. 55 have Chandra X-ray
counterparts including 18 with a hard X-ray photon index and high luminosity
characteristic of a type-II (obscured) AGN. >70% of the radio sources have been
classified as starbursts or AGN using radio morphologies, spectral indices and
comparisons with optical appearance and MIR emission. Starbursts outnumber
radio AGN 3:1. This study extends the VO methods previously used to identify
X-ray-selected obscured type-II AGN to investigate whether very luminous radio
and X-ray emission originates from different phenomena in the same galaxy. The
high-redshift starbursts have typical sizes of 5--10 kpc and star formation
rates of ~1000 Msun/yr. There is no correlation between radio and X-ray
luminosities nor spectral indices at z>~1.3. ~70% of both the radio-selected
AGN and the starburst samples were detected by Chandra. The X-ray luminosity
indicates the presence of an AGN in at least half of the 45 cross-matched radio
starbursts, of which 11 are type-II AGN including 7 at z>1.5. This distribution
overlaps closely with the X-ray detected radio sources which were also detected
by SCUBA. Stacked 1.4-GHz emission at the positions of radio-faint X-ray
sources is correlated with X-ray hardness. Most extended radio starbursts at
z>1.3 host X-ray selected obscured AGN. Radio emission from most of these
ultra-luminous objects is dominated by star formation but it contributes less
than 1/3 of their X-ray luminosity. Our results support the inferences from
SCUBA and IR data, that at z>1.5, star formation is an order of magnitude more
extended and more copious, it is closely linked to AGN activity and it is
triggered differently, compared with star formation at lower redshifts.Comment: 24 pages, 12 figures, uses graphicx, rotating, natbib, supertabular
packages and aa.cls. Accepted for publication in A&
Infant and child feeding practices: a preliminary investigation
The document attached has been archived with permission from the Australian Dental Association. An external link to the publisher’s copy is included.The objective of this preliminary investigation was to examine the feeding practices of infants and pre-school children in Adelaide, and thereby contribute to the development of appropriate preventive dental strategies. A stratified random sample of 160 two year old and three year old pre-school children in the Adelaide Statistical District was obtained. Information about feeding practices and use of comforters or ‘dummies’ was obtained through a self-administered questionnaire completed by parents of the selected children. Information was collected for the age periods of 0–3 months, 4–6 months, 7–12 months, 13–24 months and 25–36 months. Most of the children (81.8 per cent) were breast-fed at some stage. However the percentage of children being breast-fed decreased markedly across age periods, particularly to 13–24 months, when only 15.9 per cent of children were being breast-fed. Over half of the children had been bottle-fed with infant formula at some stage. The highest percentage of children being bottle-fed with infant formula occurred in the 4–6 months (42.6 per cent) closely followed by the 7–12 months age period (37.4 per cent). Nearly two-thirds of children were bottle-fed with cow's milk at some stage. The highest percentage of children being bottle-fed with cow's milk occurred in the 13–24 months age period (49.6 per cent). A quarter (24.5 per cent) of the children were put to bed at some stage with a bottle containing cariogenic fluids. The majority of children used a ‘dummy’ at some stage during both day-time and night-time. Parents are in need of advice on appropriate feeding patterns for infants and young children.Amjad H. Wyne,A. John Spencer and Fearnley S. Szuste
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