377 research outputs found

    Application of the SIR model in the study of dengue transmission in the municipality of Gurupi, Tocantins

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    A dengue, uma doença infecciosa febril aguda que pode matar, tornou-se um dos maiores problemas de saúde pública no Brasil. Por ainda não possuir uma vacina eficaz, seu quadro epidemiológico multiplica-se em todo território nacional, principalmente no verão, onde o mosquito Aedes aegypti vetor de transmissão da doença encontra condições ambientais favoráveis à sua alta reprodução. O objetivo desse estudo é discutir e aplicar o Modelo SIR (susceptíveis, infectados e recuperados) na descrição da transmissão da dengue no município de Gurupi-TO.  Realizando simulações a fim de validar o modelo comparando com os dados reais de casos de dengue no município, além de apresentar alterações feitas em alguns parâmetros cujos esse não se tem registros. As simulações numéricas foram efetuadas via método de Runge-Kutta de 4ª ordem implementado em linguagem C, utilizando alguns parâmetros da literatura, outros foram ajustados para validação do modelo para os períodos de 2006/2011, 2009/2013 e 2014/2016 o que proporcionou um melhor ajuste para todos os períodos quando comparados com os dados reais.Dengue, an acute febrile infectious disease that can kill, has become one of the biggest public health problems in Brazil. Because it does not yet have an effective vaccine, its epidemiological profile multiplies throughout the national territory, especially in the summer, where the Aedes aegypti mosquito vector of transmission of the disease finds environmental conditions favorable to its high reproduction. The objective of this study is to discuss and apply the SIR model (susceptible, infected and recovered) in the description of dengue transmission in the municipality of Gurupi-TO. Carrying out simulations in order to validate the model comparing with the actual data of dengue cases in the municipality, besides presenting changes made in some parameters whose there are no records. Numerical simulations were carried out using a Runge-Kutta method of 4th order implemented in C language, using some parameters of the literature, others were adjusted for validation of the model for the periods of 2006/2011, 2009/2013 and 2014/2016, which provided a better fit for all periods when compared to actual data

    Broiler body surface temperature in function of different thermal control systems in broiler housing

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    Verificou-se o efeito dos sistemas de climatização de aviários sobre a temperatura média corporal de frangos de corte (TMC). Utilizaram-se 610 fêmeas da linhagem Cobb distribuídas em delineamento de blocos ao acaso repetidos no tempo, considerando o dia como critério de bloqueamento, em esquema fatorial 2 × 5, composto de duas orientações solares (Norte-Sul, NS, e Leste-Oeste, LO) e cinco sistemas de climatização (ventilador e nebulização, VN; ventilador com nebulização e sombreamento, VNS; apenas ventilador, V; apenas sombreamento, S; e apenas nebulização, N), de modo que cada tratamento teve sete repetições (dias de coleta). Foram coletados dados meteorológicos para o cálculo de carga térmica de radiação (CTR) e monitoradas as temperaturas de superfície corporal e retal para cálculo da TMC. A associação de ventilação e nebulização melhora significativamente as condições ambientais dos aviários e as condições fisiológicas das aves. Com a utilização adequada de métodos de climatização, é possível a criação de frangos de corte em aviários com orientações solares diversas.The effect of different thermal control systems on broiler body temperature was evaluated in 610 female broiler chickens, Cobb breed, housed in 10 small scale of aviaries models (treatments). Climate data were collected inside the models and were used to calculate the Thermal Heat Load (THL). Bird surface and rectal temperature were recorded to calculate average body temperature (ABT). Data were always collected from 1:00 and 2:00 pm, the hour of maximum THL inside models. The treatments consisted of a factorial 2 × 5 (two orientations and five models of thermal control) and were analyzed as a randomized blocks design, where the days were blocking criteria. Environment and body temperature data were statically analyzed by Duncan test, with 5% of probability level. The use of forced ventilation associated to misting nozzles improved thermal behavior of the buildings resulting in better broilers physiological conditions. The adequate utilization of thermal control equipments allows to raise broiler chicks in houses with different solar orientation

    Diclidophora luscae (Monogenea: Diclidophoridae) in pouting, Trisopterus luscus (Linnaeus, 1758) from the northeast Atlantic; epidemiology, morphology, molecular and phylogenetic analysis

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    Diclidophora (Monogenea) species are gill parasites with a stenoxenic specifcity occurring only in Gadiformes. Epidemiologi‑cal, morphological, molecular and phylogenetic studies were performed on 594 Diclidophora specimens collected from 213 Trisopterus luscus captured in the northeast Atlantic of the Portuguese coast during 2012, 2013 and 2020. Prevalence, parasite abundance and infection intensity were determined. Positive correlation between fsh weight and length and infection intensity was observed. The efects of preservation on the parasite morphological features were studied, highlighting that specimen’s identifcation should be reinforced by molecular studies. A sequence of D. luscae capelanii from T. capelanus captured in the Mediterranean Sea included in the 28S rDNA molecular analysis was nested within a robust D. luscae clade. Data analysis suggested that this species is in fact D. luscae, which is compatible with T. luscus and T. capelanus. The identity of fsh hosts was confrmed by barcoding. For the frst time, data on the infection parameters is shown, highlighting the importance of including this parasite in the monitoring plans for a holistic approach with possible efects for the management of pouting resources aiming of attaining sustainable development and biodiversity conservation measures, according to the 14th objective of the 2030 agendainfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

    DIETA DO BAGRE ESTUARINO Cathorops arenatus (VALENCIENNES, 1840) NA ILHA DE MAIANDEUA, PARÁ, BRASIL

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    Cathorops arenatus (Siluriformes: Ariidae) inhabits shallow waters and is abundant in the North coast of Brazil. Despite its local use and susceptibility to overexploitation and pollution, basic biological information is lacking to shape conservation actions. Thus, information on the feeding of C. arenatus in the North coast of Brazil are provided herein. Specimens were sampled in one expedition during the rainy season and in another in the dry season, using horizontal trawling along a 10-m line. Food contents of 68 specimens were analyzed. They exhibited 13 food items and fed mainly on Haparcticoida copepods and plant fragments. A high number of specimens exhibited sediment in their digestive tract. No differences in the diet composition between hydrological seasons were observed. C. arenatus exhibit a benthivorous feeding habit in the Amazonian estuary, which agrees with other species of the genus, and no temporal variation in its diet was found, which may be related to the community dynamics of its main prey.Keywords: Amazon estuary, Ariidae, trophic ecology.Cathorops arenatus (Siluriformes: Ariidae) habita águas rasas e é abundante na costa Norte do Brasil. Apesar da sua abundância, uso local e suscetibilidade à superexploração e poluição, informações biológicas básicas para nortear ações de conservação são escassas. Portanto, informações sobre a dieta de C. arenatus na região costeira Norte do Brasil são aqui apresentadas. Indivíduos foram amostrados em uma expedição na estiagem e em outra na estação chuvosa, utilizando arrastos horizontais na praia ao longo de 10m. O conteúdo alimentar de 68 espécimes foi analisado, que apresentou 13 itens alimentares e se alimentaram predominantemente de copépodos Haparcticoida e fragmentos de plantas superiores. Um alto número de espécimes apresentou sedimento em seus tratos digestivos. Não foram observadas diferenças na composição da dieta entre estações hidrológicas. C. arenatus exibiu hábitos alimentares bentívoros no estuário Amazônico, o que está de acordo com outras espécies do gênero, e variações temporais em sua dieta não foram encontradas, o que pode estar relacionado à dinâmica de comunidade de suas presas principais.Palavras-chave: Ariidae, ecologia trófica, estuário amazônico

    Tailoring Bi2MoO6 by Eu3+ incorporation for enhanced photoluminescence emissions

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    Here, an experimental study is presented on the structural, electronic, and optical properties of Bi2-xMoO6:xEu3+ (x = 0, 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, and 4.0 mol%) materials, synthesized by means of the microwave-assisted solvothermal method using ethylene glycol as a solvent. Different characterization techniques (X-ray diffraction measurements with Rietveld refinements, Raman and ultraviolet–visible diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, field emission scanning electron microscopy, and photoluminescence emissions) have been employed to examine the structural and electronic properties, energy transfer and defect evolution which control the performance of the as-synthetized materials. Present findings provide deep insights into the substitution of Eu3+ cations in Bi2MoO6, with focus on their influence on process that dictate the superior optical properties.Funding for open access charge: CRUE-Universitat Jaume

    VARIAÇÃO GENÉTICA EM PROGÊNES DE MEIOS-IRMÃOS DE Pinus caribaea Mor. Var. bahamensis Bar. et GOL NA REGIÃO DE BEBEDOURO-SP

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    Analisaram-se progênies de 23 famílias de meios-irmãos de Pinus caribaea Mor. var. behamensis Bar. et Gol., procedentes de Queensland, Austrália, aos. dois e cinco anos, implantados na Floresta Estadual de Bebedouro, pertencente ao Instituto Florestal de São Paulo-SP, objetivando o estudo do comportamento da espécie e estimativas dos parãmetros genéticos das características silviculturais, para o melhoramento genético desse taxon. O delineamento experimental foi em blocos casualizados, com 23 tratamentos, 7 repetições, parcelas lineares de 4 plantas e espaçamento de 3,0 x 2,0 m. A análise das médias, aos 2 e 5 anos de idade e o comportamento de campo mostram o material genético muito bem adaptado, como potencial para o reflorestamento na região de experimentação. Revelaram-se variações genéticas para as caracterfsticas DAP, altura, retidão do tronco, comprimento dos ínternôdíos, número de ramos por verticilo, espessura dos ramos e volume real, denotando o material como potencial para seleção, com possíveis avanços genéticos. As herdabilidades e os ganhos esperados na seleção foram estimados para todas as caracterfsticasestudadas, mostrando, portanto, o material genético'como sendo passfvel de seleção entre e dentro de progênies, transformando, assim, o ensaio em Pomar de Sementes por Mudas com boas perspectivas de avanços genéticos

    OCORRÊNCIA DA LAGOSTA Palinustus truncatus A. MILNE-EDWARDS, 1880 (DECAPODA, ACHELATA) NO GRANDE SISTEMA DE RECIFES DO AMAZONAS, BRASIL

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    The lobster Palinustus truncatus A. Milne-Edwards, 1880, Palinuridae Latreille, 1802, is rarely reported in commercial fisheries in northern Brazilian coast. Two specimens were caught in the area known as Great Amazon Reef System. The specimen was deposited in the carcinological collection.Keywords: Artisanal fishing; biodiversity; brazilian North coast; bycatch.A lagosta Palinustus truncatus A. Milne-Edwards, 1880, Palinuridae Latreille, 1802, é raramente relatada na pesca comercial da lagosta na costa Norte do Brasil. Dois exemplares foram coletados na área conhecida como Grande Sistema de Recifes do Amazonas. O exemplar foi depositado em coleção carcinológica.Palavras-chave: Biodiversidade, costa Norte, fauna acompanhante, pesca artesanal

    Hepatic and renal functions in broilers fed on diets with aflatoxins and natural clinoptilolite

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    O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar os minerais séricos e as funções hepática e renal de frangos de corte, alimentados com dietas com aflatoxinas e dietas com aflatoxinas e argila clinoptilolita natural. Foram utilizados 528 frangos de corte machos, da linhagem Ross, distribuídos em seis tratamentos com quatro repetições cada: T1 – testemunha: ração sem aflatoxina ou clinoptilolita; T2 – ração com 5 ppm de aflatoxinas; T3 – ração com 0,25% de clinoptilolita; T4 – ração com 5 ppm de aflatoxinas e 0,25% de clinoptilolita; T5 – ração com 0,5% de clinoptilolita; e T6 – ração com 5 ppm de aflatoxinas e 0,5% de clinoptilolita. As aves foram submetidas aos tratamentos do 1o ao 42o dia de idade. Foram abatidos 72 animais, e foram analisadas as concentrações séricas de cálcio, fósforo, uréia, creatinina, ácido úrico, colesterol, triglicerídeos e gamaglutamil-transferase (GGT). As aflatoxinas diminuem o nível sérico de colesterol. A clinoptilolita diminui o nível sérico do ácido úrico, quando na concentração de 0,25%. As aflatoxinas com 0,25% de clinoptilolita diminuem os níveis séricos da creatinina, do ácido úrico e do colesterol. As aflatoxinas acrescidas por 0,5% de clinoptilolita diminuem os níveis séricos da creatinina e do colesterol e elevam os de gamaglutamil-transferase.The objective of this study was to evaluate serum minerals and hepatic and renal activities in broiler chicks fed with diets containing aflatoxins and diets with aflatoxins and natural clinoptilolite clay. Five hundred and twenty-eight Ross male broiler chicks were grouped in six treatments with four replications each: T1 – control: diet free from aflatoxins and clinoptilolite; T2 – aflatoxins 5 ppm diet; T3 – 0.25% clinoptilolite diet; T4 – aflatoxins 5 ppm and 0.25% clinoptilolite diet; T5 – 0.5% clinoptilolite diet; and T6 – aflatoxins 5 ppm and 0.5% clinoptilolite diet. The birds were treated from the 1st to the 42nd day of age. Seventy-two birds were slaughtered. Calcium, phosphorus, urea, creatinine, uric acid, cholesterol, triglycerides and gammaglutamil transferase (GGT) were all analyzed in serum. Aflatoxins decrease cholesterol; and 0.25% clinoptilolite decreases serum uric acid and has no effect at 0.5%. Aflatoxins plus 0.25% clinoptilolite diets decrease creatinine, uric acid and cholesterol serum levels. Also aflatoxins plus 0.5% clinoptilolite diets decrease creatinine and cholesterol, but increase GGT serum levels

    Collagen and microvascularization in placentas from young and older mares

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    Research Areas: Veterinary SciencesIn older mares, increasing collagen fibers (fibrosis) in the endometrium and oviduct predisposes to sub-fertility and infertility. In this study, (i) gene transcription of collagen (qPCR: COL1A1, COL1A2, COL3A1, COL5A1); (ii) total collagen protein (hydroxyproline); (iii) collagen distribution (Picrosirius red staining; polarized light microscopy); and (iv) microvascular density (Periodic acid-Schiff staining), were evaluated in mares’ placenta, and related to mares age, and placenta and neonate weights. Samples were collected from the gravid horn, non-gravid horn, and body of the placenta from younger (n = 7), and older mares (n = 9) of different breeds. Transcripts of COL1A1, COL3A1 and COL5A1, total collagen protein, chorionic plate connective tissue thickness, and microvascularization increased in the gravid horn of older mares’ placentas, compared to the youngest (P < 0.05). Although in other species placenta fibrosis may indicate placental insufficiency and reduced neonate weight, this was not observed here. It appears that older fertile mares, with more parities, may develop a heavier, more vascularized functional placenta with more collagen, throughout a longer gestation, which enables the delivery of heavier foals. Thus, these features might represent morphological and physiological adaptations of older fertile mares’ placentas to provide the appropriate nutrition to the equine fetus.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

    Factors associated with thrombocytopenia in severe leptospirosis (Weil's disease)

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    OBJECTIVE: This study was conducted to investigate factors associated with thrombocytopenia in a large cohort of patients with leptospirosis in an endemic area. METHODS: This retrospective study included 374 consecutive patients with leptospirosis who were admitted to tertiary hospitals in Fortaleza, Brazil. All patients had a diagnosis of severe leptospirosis (Weil's disease). Acute kidney injury was defined according to the RIFLE criteria. Thrombocytopenia was defined as a platelet coun
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