54 research outputs found
DE QUELQUES ASPECTS DE COMPĂTENCE PHRASĂOLOGIQUE EN L2: Locutions En Test
Les apprenants de français langue seconde maĂźtrisent-ils des locutions, câest-Ă -dire des unitĂ©s phrasĂ©ologiques au sens non-compositionnel? Quelle(s) dĂ©marche(s) adoptent-ils face Ă une locution inconnue? Cherchent-ils Ă en dĂ©couvrir le sens et si, oui quelles stratĂ©gies adoptent-ils pour y parvenir? Faut-il des compĂ©tences spĂ©cifiques pour apprendre des unitĂ©s phrasĂ©ologiques, en particulier des locutions? Lâarticle explore les rĂ©ponses Ă un questionnaire construit autour de treize locutions françaises, soumis Ă des apprenants de niveaux de compĂ©tences B1 et B2, que le Cadre europĂ©en commun de rĂ©fĂ©rence pour les langues qualifie dâutilisateurs indĂ©pendants. Lâanalyse des rĂ©sultats montre que les connaissances de vocabulaire locutionnel sont alĂ©atoires et que, face Ă des unitĂ©s inconnues, les apprenants mettent en place peu de stratĂ©gies susceptibles de les conduire au sens. Le rĂŽle de la phrasĂ©odidactique dans lâenseignement de vocabulaire et dans le dĂ©veloppement de compĂ©tences indispensables dans les apprentissages apparaĂźt ainsi comme essentiel dans le cheminement vers lâautonomi
Employees Receiving Inpatient Treatment for Common Mental Disorders in Germany:Factors Associated with Time to First and Full Return to Work
Purpose In Germany, return to work (RTW) after inpatient treatment for common mental disorders (CMDs) is a complex process at the intersection of the mental healthcare system and the workplace. This study examined (1) the time to first and full RTW and (2) associated factors among employees receiving inpatient treatment for CMDs. Methods In this prospective cohort study, employees receiving inpatient psychiatric or medical rehabilitation treatment for CMDs were interviewed by phone during their last week before discharge. Follow-up interviews were conducted after 6, 12, and 18Â months. Health-, personal, and work-related factors were used from baseline measurement. Parametric survival analysis was conducted to identify factors associated with time to first and full RTW. Results A total of Nâ=â269 participants who stayed at a psychiatric clinic or a medical rehabilitation facility were included. Almost all participants (nâ=â252, 94%) from both treatment settings reported a first RTW and a full RTW. The time to first and full RTW was shortest among participants from medical rehabilitation (both median 6Â days) and longer among participants from psychiatric treatment (median 17Â days to first RTW and 73Â days to full RTW). While only health-related and personal factors were associated with time to first RTW, leadership quality and needed individual RTW support were associated with time to full RTW. Conclusions More attention to work accommodation needs for RTW in clinical practice and coordinated actions towards RTW in collaboration with key RTW stakeholders in the workplace may support a timely RTW. Clinical Registration Number DRKS00010903, retrospectively registered. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10926-021-09985-4
Insights Into Sibling Relationships and Longevity From Genetics of Healthy Ageing Nonagenarians: The Importance of Optimisation, Resilience and Social Networks
Understanding how to âAge Longer and Age Wellâ is a priority for people personally, for populations and for government policy. Approximately ten percent of nonagenarians reach 90 years and beyond in good condition and seem to have a combination of both age-span and health-span. However, the factors which contribute to human longevity remain challenging. Culture is a shared system of learning ideas, feelings, and survival strategies. It has a strong influence on each personâs psychological development, behavior, values and beliefs. Nonagenarians have rich life experiences that can teach us much about aging well; they are rich reservoirs of genetic, lifestyle and psychological information which can help understanding about how to live longer and better. Sibling or trio nonagenarians are important sources of family beliefs and behaviors upon which individual personalities may have been built. Their personal family histories and narratives are powerful tools that help to determine familial traits, beliefs and social behaviors which may help establish factors important in the siblingsâ longevity. Using purposefully selected subjects, recruited to the Genetics of Healthy Ageing (GeHA) project in four European countries, this research used the simple life story and qualitative research methods to analyze contrasting and distinctive questions about the interface between the psychological and social worlds as presented in the nonagenarian siblingsâ insights about their longevity. Their stories aimed to give better understanding about which psychological aspects of their common life journey and the degree of emotional support in their sibling relationships may have supported their paths to longevity. The most universal finding in each of the four European countries was that nonagenarians demonstrated high positivity, resilience and coping skills and were supported in social networks. Around this theme, nonagenarians reported âbeing happy,â âalways cheerful,â ânever melancholyâ and having a contentment with a ârich lifeâ and family relationships which fits with accumulating evidence that life satisfaction comes from a perceived self-efficacy and optimism. Most sibling relationships in this study, when analyzed according to the Gold classification, fit the âcongenialâ or âloyalâ relationship type â demonstrating a healthy respect for the othersâ opinion without overt dependence, which may help individual coping and survival mechanisms
Does the operator's sex matter? An analysis based on the national interventional cardiology registry
Background: A small number of female cardiologists work in the field of interventional cardiology. Such disparity is observed in most European countries.
Aims: We present the first national report on the practice patterns and outcomes regarding percutaneous coronary interventions (PCIs) performed by female operators (FOs) in Poland.
Methods: Data were collected from the National Registry of Invasive Cardiology Procedures (OgĂłlnopolski Rejestr Procedur Kardiologii Inwazyjnej [ORPKI]) between January 2014 and December 2017.
Results: A total of 31 FOs (4.1%) performed 12 935 PCIs (2.8%). The median (interquartile range [IQR]) number of PCIs performed by FOs per year was 75 (43â154), whereas that by male operators was 139 (67â216; P < 0.01). Patients handled by FOs were characterized by a lower prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors and previous coronary artery interventions. Acute coronary syndrome was the main indication for treatment (74.66%). Compared with male operators, FOs handled significantly more patients with singleâvessel disease (87.02% vs 84.72%; P < 0.001). They used smaller contrast doses during PCIs (median [IQR], 170.36 [77.54] cm3 vs 173.48 [77.54] cm3; P < 0.001) yet higher doses of radiation exposure (median [IQR], 843 [472â1409] mGy vs 815 [458â1390] mGy; P = 0.01). There was no difference in clinical outcomes (a composite of allâcause death, bleeding at the puncture site, or coronary artery perforation) associated with the operatorâs sex.
Conclusions: Women represent a minority of operators in interventional cardiology and are responsible for a low percentage of PCIs. Nonetheless, the practice patterns and outcomes of PCIs performed by FOs are similar to those of male operators
Sibling relationships and family functioning in siblings of early adolescents, adolescents and young adults with autism spectrum disorder
The purpose of the study was to investigate how family functioning (defined as the ability that family members hold to manage stressful events, and intimate and social relationships), the degree to which family members feel happy and fulfilled with each other (called family satisfaction), and the demographical characteristics of siblings (age and gender) impacted on sibling relationships. The Circumplex Model of Marital and Family Systems and Behavioral Systems constituted the theoretical frameworks that guided our study. Eighty-six typically developing adolescents and young adults having a sister or a brother with autism spectrum disorder were enrolled. Results indicated that the youngest age group (early adolescents) reported to engage more frequently in negative behaviors with their siblings with ASD than the two older age groups (middle adolescents and young adults). No significant differences were found among the three age groups regarding behaviors derived from attachment, caregiving and affiliative systems. Family satisfaction and age significantly predicted behaviors during sibling interactions. Suggestions on prevention and intervention programs were discussed in order to prevent parentification among typically developing
siblings and decrease episodes of quarrels and overt conflicts between brothers and sisters with and without AS
Population genomics of the Viking world.
The maritime expansion of Scandinavian populations during the Viking Age (about ADÂ 750-1050) was a far-flung transformation in world history1,2. Here we sequenced the genomes of 442Â humans from archaeological sites across Europe and Greenland (to a median depth of about 1Ă) to understand the global influence of this expansion. We find the Viking period involved gene flow into Scandinavia from the south and east. We observe genetic structure within Scandinavia, with diversity hotspots in the south and restricted gene flow within Scandinavia. We find evidence for a major influx of Danish ancestry into England; a Swedish influx into the Baltic; and Norwegian influx into Ireland, Iceland and Greenland. Additionally, we see substantial ancestry from elsewhere in Europe entering Scandinavia during the Viking Age. Our ancient DNA analysis also revealed that a Viking expedition included close family members. By comparing with modern populations, we find that pigmentation-associated loci have undergone strong population differentiation during the past millennium, and trace positively selected loci-including the lactase-persistence allele of LCT and alleles of ANKA that are associated with the immune response-in detail. We conclude that the Viking diaspora was characterized by substantial transregional engagement: distinct populations influenced the genomic makeup of different regions of Europe, and Scandinavia experienced increased contact with the rest of the continent
Multiple novel prostate cancer susceptibility signals identified by fine-mapping of known risk loci among Europeans
Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified numerous common prostate cancer (PrCa) susceptibility loci. We have
fine-mapped 64 GWAS regions known at the conclusion of the iCOGS study using large-scale genotyping and imputation in
25 723 PrCa cases and 26 274 controls of European ancestry. We detected evidence for multiple independent signals at 16
regions, 12 of which contained additional newly identified significant associations. A single signal comprising a spectrum of
correlated variation was observed at 39 regions; 35 of which are now described by a novel more significantly associated lead SNP,
while the originally reported variant remained as the lead SNP only in 4 regions. We also confirmed two association signals in
Europeans that had been previously reported only in East-Asian GWAS. Based on statistical evidence and linkage disequilibrium
(LD) structure, we have curated and narrowed down the list of the most likely candidate causal variants for each region.
Functional annotation using data from ENCODE filtered for PrCa cell lines and eQTL analysis demonstrated significant
enrichment for overlap with bio-features within this set. By incorporating the novel risk variants identified here alongside the
refined data for existing association signals, we estimate that these loci now explain âŒ38.9% of the familial relative risk of PrCa,
an 8.9% improvement over the previously reported GWAS tag SNPs. This suggests that a significant fraction of the heritability of
PrCa may have been hidden during the discovery phase of GWAS, in particular due to the presence of multiple independent
signals within the same regio
Ramucirumab plus docetaxel versus placebo plus docetaxel in patients with locally advanced or metastatic urothelial carcinoma after platinum-based therapy (RANGE): a randomised, double-blind, phase 3 trial
Few treatments with a distinct mechanism of action are available for patients with platinum-refractory advanced or metastatic urothelial carcinoma. We assessed the efficacy and safety of treatment with docetaxel plus either ramucirumab-a human IgG1 VEGFR-2 antagonist-or placebo in this patient population
Comparison of Catalysts with MIRA21 Model in Heterogeneous Catalytic Hydrogenation of Aromatic Nitro Compounds
The vast majority of research and development activities begins with a detailed literature search to explore the current state-of-the-art. However, this search becomes increasingly difficult as we go into the information revolution of 21st century. The aim of the work is to establish a functional and practical mathematical model of catalyst characterization and exact comparison of catalysts. This work outlines the operation of the MIskolc RAnking 21 (MIRA21) model through the reaction of nitrobenzene catalytic hydrogenation to aniline. A total of 154 catalysts from 45 research articles were selected, studied, characterized, ranked, and classified based on four classes of descriptors: catalyst performance, reaction conditions, catalyst conditions, and sustainability parameters. MIRA21 is able to increase the comparability of different types of catalysts and support catalyst development. According to the model, 8% of catalysts received D1 (top 10%) classification. This ranking model is able to show the most effective catalyst systems that are suitable for the production of aniline
Comparison of Catalysts with MIRA21 Model in Heterogeneous Catalytic Hydrogenation of Aromatic Nitro Compounds
The vast majority of research and development activities begins with a detailed literature search to explore the current state-of-the-art. However, this search becomes increasingly difficult as we go into the information revolution of 21st century. The aim of the work is to establish a functional and practical mathematical model of catalyst characterization and exact comparison of catalysts. This work outlines the operation of the MIskolc RAnking 21 (MIRA21) model through the reaction of nitrobenzene catalytic hydrogenation to aniline. A total of 154 catalysts from 45 research articles were selected, studied, characterized, ranked, and classified based on four classes of descriptors: catalyst performance, reaction conditions, catalyst conditions, and sustainability parameters. MIRA21 is able to increase the comparability of different types of catalysts and support catalyst development. According to the model, 8% of catalysts received D1 (top 10%) classification. This ranking model is able to show the most effective catalyst systems that are suitable for the production of aniline
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