306 research outputs found
3D tracking and monitoring of sperm whales with passive acoustics and ambient noise imaging techniques
Electronic upgrades on the second generation of an autonomous and portable cetacean auditory screening system
While noise is now considered a marine hazard that can directly affect
cetaceans and induce a stranding, no clinical approach has yet introduced the detection
of a possible hearing loss at a stranding site as a necessary practice. Here
we present the second generation of an autonomous and portable auditory screening
system for cetacean clinical and research purposes. This system is composed
by two independent and autonomous modules that build a more versatile, lighter
and interference isolated system. The improvement relies on the isolation between
modules and their independency on many situations. The system is separated in
two modules. The first one contains the low voltage biopotential amplification system
and the acustic signal transmiter . The second module will activate only when
needed for some frequencies and levels driving high voltage to the transducers thus
avoiding interferences with the first module containing the low voltage amplifications
system. The tool has been successfully tested for research purposes in captive
dolphins and calibrated for a stranding site diagnoses operation.Peer Reviewe
Localising Cetacean Sounds for the Real-Time Mitigation and Long-Term Acoustic Monitoring of Noise
The Lyman Alpha Reference Sample. VIII. Characterizing Lyman-Alpha Scattering in Nearby Galaxies
We examine the dust geometry and Ly{\alpha} scattering in the galaxies of the
Lyman Alpha Reference Sample (LARS), a set of 14 nearby (0.02 < < 0.2)
Ly{\alpha} emitting and starbursting systems with Hubble Space Telescope
Ly{\alpha}, H{\alpha}, and H{\beta} imaging. We find that the global dust
properties determined by line ratios are consistent with other studies, with
some of the LARS galaxies exhibiting clumpy dust media while others of them
show significantly lower Ly{\alpha} emission compared to their Balmer
decrement. With the LARS imaging, we present Ly{\alpha}/H{\alpha} and
H{\alpha}/H{\beta} maps with spatial resolutions as low as 40 pc, and
use these data to show that in most galaxies, the dust geometry is best modeled
by three distinct regions: a central core where dust acts as a screen, an
annulus where dust is distributed in clumps, and an outer envelope where
Ly{\alpha} photons only scatter. We show that the dust that affects the escape
of Ly{\alpha} is more restricted to the galaxies' central regions, while the
larger Ly{\alpha} halos are generated by scattering at large radii. We present
an empirical modeling technique to quantify how much Ly{\alpha} scatters in the
halo, and find that this "characteristic" scattering distance correlates with
the measured size of the Ly{\alpha} halo. We note that there exists a slight
anti-correlation between the scattering distance of Ly{\alpha} and global dust
properties.Comment: 32 pages, 51 figures, accepted to Ap
ngsJulia: population genetic analysis of next-generation DNA sequencing data with Julia language [version 3; peer review: 1 approved, 2 approved with reservations]
A sound analysis of DNA sequencing data is important to extract meaningful information and infer quantities of interest. Sequencing and mapping errors coupled with low and variable coverage hamper the identification of genotypes and variants and the estimation of population genetic parameters. Methods and implementations to estimate population genetic parameters from sequencing data available nowadays either are suitable for the analysis of genomes from model organisms only, require moderate sequencing coverage, or are not easily adaptable to specific applications. To address these issues, we introduce ngsJulia, a collection of templates and functions in Julia language to process short-read sequencing data for population genetic analysis. We further describe two implementations, ngsPool and ngsPloidy, for the analysis of pooled sequencing data and polyploid genomes, respectively. Through simulations, we illustrate the performance of estimating various population genetic parameters using these implementations, using both established and novel statistical methods. These results inform on optimal experimental design and demonstrate the applicability of methods in ngsJulia to estimate parameters of interest even from low coverage sequencing data. ngsJulia provide users with a flexible and efficient framework for ad hoc analysis of sequencing data.ngsJulia is available from: https://github.com/mfumagalli/ngsJulia
The shear viscosity of gauge theory plasma with chemical potentials
We consider strongly coupled gauge theory plasma with conserved global
charges that allow for a dual gravitational description. We study the shear
viscosity of the gauge theory plasma in the presence of chemical potentials for
these charges. Using gauge theory/string theory correspondence we prove that at
large 't Hooft coupling the ratio of the shear viscosity to the entropy density
is universal.Comment: 13 pages, no figure
Bulk viscosity of gauge theory plasma at strong coupling
We propose a lower bound on bulk viscosity of strongly coupled gauge theory
plasmas. Using explicit example of the N=2^* gauge theory plasma we show that
the bulk viscosity remains finite at a critical point with a divergent specific
heat. We present an estimate for the bulk viscosity of QGP plasma at RHIC.Comment: 5 pages, 4 figure
Linking sensory and proton transfer reaction–mass spectrometry analyses for the assessment of melon fruit (Cucumis melo L.) quality traits
Sixty-seven samples of ten melon types (Cucumis melo L.) were evaluated to determine the relationship between their quality traits: sensory attributes, pH, soluble solids, and volatile organic compounds. Fruits from the cantalupensis, conomon, dudaim, inodorus, and momordica cultivar groups were analyzed. The sensory profiles were assessed using ten attributes covering odor, flavor, and taste characteristics, whereas the volatile profiles were derived by proton transfer reaction–mass spectrometry. Fruits from the cantalupensis and inodorus cultivars showed an opposite pattern for several quality traits. Fruits from the dudaim cultivar were more related to the cantalupensis, whereas conomon and momordica showed an intermediate behavior between inodorus and cantalupensis. The attributes of odor and flavor intensity, ripe fruit odor, fermentative odor, and fermentative flavor correlated positively to C3–C9 esters (r = 0.43–0.73; p ≤ 0.01). Positive correlations were also observed for several alcohols (r = 0.36–0.82; p ≤ 0.05), including methanol, ethanol, and diol alcohols, as well as for several aldehydes (r = 0.43–0.85; p ≤ 0.01), such as acetaldehyde, butanal, methyl butanal, heptanal, and decanal. The attributes mentioned above were negatively correlated with two C9 aldehydes, 2,6-nonadienal and nonenal (r = − 0.45 to − 0.62; p ≤ 0.01), whereas sweetness was negatively correlated with two C6 green leaf volatiles, hexenal and 3-hexenol (r = − 0.50; − 0.67; p ≤ 0.001). The melon fruits presented distinct differences in the quality traits evaluated. These results provide information for the development of new cultivars with characteristic taste combinations without compromising other desirable fruit quality traits.info:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersio
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