Simulations of phytoplankton dynamics in El Gergal Reservoir, Southern Spain (PROTECH)

The Mediterranean region is characterised by a variable climate with most of the rain falling during the winter and frequent summer droughts. Such warm, dry periods are ideal for the growth of large algal blooms that often consist of potentially toxic Cyanobacteria. This makes the management of water for human use particularly challenging in such a climate and it is important to understand how such blooms can be avoided or at least be reduced in size. PROTECH (Phytoplankton RespOnses To Environmental CHange) is a model that simulates the dynamics of different species of phytoplankton populations in lakes and reservoirs. Its distinct advantage over similar models is its ability to simulate the relative composition of the algal flora, allowing both quantitative and qualitative conclusions to be drawn e.g. whether Cyanobacteria could be a potential problem. PROTECH has been applied primarily to lakes and reservoirs in northern Europe. Recently, however, the model has been applied to water bodies in lower latitudes, including Australia to a water supply reservoir in the south of Spain, El Gergal. El Gergal is the last in a chain of reservoirs that supply water to the city of Seville. It was brought into service in April 1979 and has a maximum storage volume of 35 000 000 m3. This article summarises the application of PROTECH in order to simulate the following problems: • the effect of a large influx of Ceratium biomass into El Gergal from another reservoir • the effect of using alternative water sources instead of the Guadalquivir River (used occasionally to raise water levels in El Gergal) • the effect of installing tertiary sewage treatment on the Cala River • the effect of simulated drought conditions on phytoplankton in the reservoir

Corrección de simetría de corrientes en redes eléctricas de distribución mediante óptima conexión de transformadores monofásicos empleando búsqueda exhaustiva

Este documento presenta un modelo de reconexión de transformadores monofásicos (TrM) a lo largo de una red trifásica real de un sistema de distribución predominante de cargas residenciales, obteniendo un porcentaje mínimo de desbalance de corriente, mediante una combinación de las cargas entre las tres fases del sistema, realizado por un modelo de optimización en el programa computacional Matlab conjuntamente con GAMS en el cual se emplea el método de búsqueda exhaustiva. Este modelo de optimización permite repartir los TrM en las tres fases del sistema (A, B, C) de manera balanceada minimizando la diferencia entre la potencia que asume cada línea, por ende, si las cargas se distribuyen de manera simétrica, lo mismo sucederá con las corrientes de tal manera que se cumple con el objetivo de reducir el porcentaje de balance de corrientes. Para evidenciar los resultados obtenidos, se realiza la simulación en el programa computacional DIgSILENT PowerFactory del cual se obtiene valores de corriente con la conexión actual de los TrM y se compara con los valores obtenidos luego de haber aplicado la reconexión planteada.This document presents a reconnection model of single-phase transformers (SPT) along a real three-phase network of a predominant distribution system of residential loads, obtaining a minimum percentage of current imbalance, by means of a combination of the loads between the three phases of the system, carried out by an optimization model in the Matlab computer program together with GAMS, in which the exhaustive search method is used. This optimization model allows to distribute the SPT in the three phases of the system (A, B, C) in a balanced way, minimizing the difference between the power assumed by each line, then, if the loads are distributed symmetrically, the same will happen with the currents in such a way that the objective of reducing the current balance percentage is fulfilled. To demonstrate the results obtained, the simulation is performed in the DIgSILENT PowerFactory computer program from which current values are obtained with the current connection of the SPT and compared with the values obtained after having applied the proposed reconnection

Failure pressure evaluation of the containment building of a large dry nuclear power plant

The evaluation of the failure pressure of the containment building of a large dry PWR-W three loops nuclear power plant, based on computer numerical simulation, is described in this paper. The proposed method considers fully three-dimensional finite element models in order to take into account the effect of the most significant structural characteristics (presence of three buttresses, penetrations, additional reinforcement around the penetrations, etc.), the lack of symmetry of the forces generated by the prestressing system, as well as the nonlinear behaviour of the materials and the sensitivity of the results to uncertainties associated with several parameters. The computational model is completely described, including the constitutive equations for the concrete, the reinforcing steel and prestressing tendons, the spatial discretization—isoparametric elements including the reinforcement are used. The structural models and the analyses performed for their calibration are also described. The influence on the failure pressure of incorporating the foundation slab in the structural model, and the influence of the thermal effects, are discussed. One of the conclusions of the numerical study is that the failure process can be appropriately simulated by means of a structural model which does not include either the foundation slab or the thermal effects. Finally, results of a probabilistic simulation of the failure pressure are given

Electronic structure of porphyrin-based metal– organic frameworks and their suitability for solar fuel production photocatalysis

Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) can be exceptionally good catalytic materials thanks to the presence of active metal centres and a porous structure that is advantageous for molecular adsorption and confinement. We present here a first-principles investigation of the electronic structure of a family of MOFs based on porphyrins connected through phenyl-carboxyl ligands and AlOH species, in order to assess their suitability for the photocatalysis of fuel production reactions using sunlight. We consider structures with protonated porphyrins and those with the protons exchanged with late 3d metal cations (Fe2+, Co2+, Ni2+, Cu2+, Zn2+), a process that we find to be thermodynamically favorable from aqueous solution for all these metals. Our band structure calculations, based on an accurate screened hybrid functional, reveal that the bandgaps are in a favorable range (2.0 to 2.6 eV) for efficient adsorption of solar light. Furthermore, by approximating the vacuum level to the pore centre potential, we provide the alignment of the MOFs' band edges with the redox potentials for water splitting and carbon dioxide reduction, and show that the structures studied here have band edges positions suitable for these reactions at neutral pH.Royal Society for an International Exchange Scheme grantVia our membership of the UK's HPC Materials Chemistry Consortium, which is funded by EPSRC (EP/L000202), this work made use of the facilities of ARCHER, the UK's national high-performance computing services, which are funded by the Office of Science and Technology through EPSRC's High End Computing ProgrammeEuropean Research Council through an ERC Starting Grant (ERC2011-StG-279520-RASPA)MINECO (CTQ2013-48396-P)Andalucía Region (FQM-1851)University of Granad

O eu, o outro e a(s) identidade(s): representações identitárias diante do personagem Chico Bento e implicações na Educação do Campo

ABSTRACT. The present study reflects about the concept of identity and the identity perception of subjects in the field, based on a study carried out after carrying out a pedagogical activity with students from a school located in the field. To this end, the writing is anchored in a theoretical contribution referring to the field of Sociology to deal with identity (Stuart Hall, 2005, 2006); Zygmunt Bauman (1999, 2003, 2005) and Roger Chartier (1991) and Education to encompass Rural Education (Miguel Arroyo, 1999, 2011); Roseli Caldart (2011) and Ângela Pires (2012)). Under the aegis of the discourse analysis based on Eni Orlandi (2013), the data revealed that the participating subjects find it difficult to perceive themselves similar to the characteristics presented by the character of the field - Chico Bento – in the cartoons and feel comfortable approaching them the image of the city subject – Zeca, cousin of Chico Bento who lives in the urban area. The speeches also demonstrated the existence of the Translation phenomenon present in the speeches and representations of the subjects, which is legitimized by the invisible curriculum of the modi vivendi and operandi of the living in the countryside who, through the elements present in daily life and in school culture, have the feeling of belonging undermined as the valorization of the modi vivendi and operandi of the urban space surpasses the rural space.ABSTRACT. The present study reflects about the concept of identity and the identity perception of subjects in the field, based on a study carried out after carrying out a pedagogical activity with students from a school located in the field. To this end, the writing is anchored in a theoretical contribution referring to the field of Sociology to deal with identity (Stuart Hall, 2005, 2006); Zygmunt Bauman (1999, 2003, 2005) and Roger Chartier (1991) and Education to encompass Rural Education (Miguel Arroyo, 1999, 2011); Roseli Caldart (2011) and Ângela Pires (2012)). Under the aegis of the discourse analysis based on Eni Orlandi (2013), the data revealed that the participating subjects find it difficult to perceive themselves similar to the characteristics presented by the character of the field - Chico Bento – in the cartoons and feel comfortable approaching them the image of the city subject – Zeca, cousin of Chico Bento who lives in the urban area. The speeches also demonstrated the existence of the Translation phenomenon present in the speeches and representations of the subjects, which is legitimized by the invisible curriculum of the modi vivendi and operandi of the living in the countryside who, through the elements present in daily life and in school culture, have the feeling of belonging undermined as the valorization of the modi vivendi and operandi of the urban space surpasses the rural space.RESUMEN. El presente estudio refleja sobre el concepto de identidad y la percepción de identidad de los sujetos en el campo, a partir de un estudio realizado luego de realizar una actividad pedagógica con estudiantes de una escuela ubicada en el campo. Por tanto, la escritura se ancla en un aporte teórico referido al campo de la Sociología para abordar la identidad (Stuart Hall, 2005, 2006); Zygmunt Bauman (1999, 2003, 2005) y Roger Chartier (1991)) y la Educación para abarcar las áreas rurales. Educación (Miguel Arroyo, 1999, 2011); Roseli Caldart (2011) y Ângela Pires (2012)). Bajo la égida del análisis del discurso basado en Eni Orlandi (2013), los datos revelaron que a los sujetos participantes les cuesta percibirse similares a las características que presenta el personaje del campo – Chico Bento - en las caricaturas y sentirse cómodos al abordarlas. La imagen del sujeto de la ciudad – Zeca, primo de Chico Bento que vive en el casco urbano. Los discursos también demostraron la existencia del fenómeno de la Traducción presente en los discursos y representaciones de los sujetos, que se legitima en el currículum invisible del modi vivendi y operandi de quienes viven en el campo que, a través de los elementos presentes en la vida cotidiana y escolar cultura, tienen el sentimiento de pertenencia minado a medida que la valorización del modi vivendi y operandi del espacio urbano supera al espacio rural.ABSTRACT. The present study reflects about the concept of identity and the identity perception of subjects in the field, based on a study carried out after carrying out a pedagogical activity with students from a school located in the field. To this end, the writing is anchored in a theoretical contribution referring to the field of Sociology to deal with identity (Stuart Hall, 2005, 2006); Zygmunt Bauman (1999, 2003, 2005) and Roger Chartier (1991) and Education to encompass Rural Education (Miguel Arroyo, 1999, 2011); Roseli Caldart (2011) and Ângela Pires (2012)). Under the aegis of the discourse analysis based on Eni Orlandi (2013), the data revealed that the participating subjects find it difficult to perceive themselves similar to the characteristics presented by the character of the field - Chico Bento – in the cartoons and feel comfortable approaching them the image of the city subject – Zeca, cousin of Chico Bento who lives in the urban area. The speeches also demonstrated the existence of the Translation phenomenon present in the speeches and representations of the subjects, which is legitimized by the invisible curriculum of the modi vivendi and operandi of the living in the countryside who, through the elements present in daily life and in school culture, have the feeling of belonging undermined as the valorization of the modi vivendi and operandi of the urban space surpasses the rural space.O presente estudo reflete acerca do conceito de identidade e da percepção identitária de sujeitos do campo a partir de um estudo feito após a realização de uma atividade pedagógica com estudantes de uma escola situada no campo. Para tanto, o escrito ancora-se em aporte teórico referente ao campo da Sociologia para tratar sobre identidade (Stuart Hall, 2005, 2006); Zygmunt Bauman (1999, 2003, 2005) e Roger Chartier (1991)) e da Educação para abarcar a Educação do Campo (Miguel Arroyo, 1999, 2011); Roseli Caldart (2011) e Ângela Pires (2012)). Sob a égide da análise do discurso baseada em Eni Orlandi (2013), os dados desvelaram que os sujeitos participantes sentem dificuldade em se perceberem assemelhados às características apresentadas pelo personagem do campo – Chico Bento – nos desenhos animados e se sentem confortáveis em se aproximarem da imagem do sujeito da cidade – Zeca, primo de Chico Bento que reside na zona urbana. Os discursos demonstraram, ainda, a existência do fenômeno Tradução presente nas falas e representações dos sujeitos, sendo ele legitimado pelo currículo invisibilizador dos modi vivendi e operandi dos viventes do campo, que, por intermédio dos elementos presentes no cotidiano e na cultura escolar, têm o sentimento de pertencimento solapado à medida que a valorização dos modi vivendi e operandi do espaço urbano sobrepuja o espaço rural. Palavras-chave: Educação do Campo, identidade, representação.   The self, the other and the identity(ies): identity representations before the character Chico Bento and implications for Rural Education            ABSTRACT. The present study reflects about the concept of identity and the identity perception of subjects in the field, based on a study carried out after carrying out a pedagogical activity with students from a school located in the field. To this end, the writing is anchored in a theoretical contribution referring to the field of Sociology to deal with identity (Stuart Hall, 2005, 2006); Zygmunt Bauman (1999, 2003, 2005) and Roger Chartier (1991) and Education to encompass Rural Education (Miguel Arroyo, 1999, 2011); Roseli Caldart (2011) and Ângela Pires (2012)). Under the aegis of the discourse analysis based on Eni Orlandi (2013), the data revealed that the participating subjects find it difficult to perceive themselves similar to the characteristics presented by the character of the field - Chico Bento – in the cartoons and feel comfortable approaching them the image of the city subject – Zeca, cousin of Chico Bento who lives in the urban area. The speeches also demonstrated the existence of the Translation phenomenon present in the speeches and representations of the subjects, which is legitimized by the invisible curriculum of the modi vivendi and operandi of the living in the countryside who, through the elements present in daily life and in school culture, have the feeling of belonging undermined as the valorization of the modi vivendi and operandi of the urban space surpasses the rural space. Keywords: Rural Education, identity, representation.   El yo, el otro y la(s) identidad(es): representaciones identitarias ante el personaje Chico Bento e implicaciones para la Educación Rural RESUMEN. El presente estudio refleja sobre el concepto de identidad y la percepción de identidad de los sujetos en el campo, a partir de un estudio realizado luego de realizar una actividad pedagógica con estudiantes de una escuela ubicada en el campo. Por tanto, la escritura se ancla en un aporte teórico referido al campo de la Sociología para abordar la identidad (Stuart Hall, 2005, 2006); Zygmunt Bauman (1999, 2003, 2005) y Roger Chartier (1991)) y la Educación para abarcar las áreas rurales. Educación (Miguel Arroyo, 1999, 2011); Roseli Caldart (2011) y Ângela Pires (2012)). Bajo la égida del análisis del discurso basado en Eni Orlandi (2013), los datos revelaron que a los sujetos participantes les cuesta percibirse similares a las características que presenta el personaje del campo – Chico Bento - en las caricaturas y sentirse cómodos al abordarlas. La imagen del sujeto de la ciudad – Zeca, primo de Chico Bento que vive en el casco urbano. Los discursos también demostraron la existencia del fenómeno de la Traducción presente en los discursos y representaciones de los sujetos, que se legitima en el currículum invisible del modi vivendi y operandi de quienes viven en el campo que, a través de los elementos presentes en la vida cotidiana y escolar cultura, tienen el sentimiento de pertenencia minado a medida que la valorización del modi vivendi y operandi del espacio urbano supera al espacio rural. Palabras clave: Educación Rural, identidad, representación

Estudio de la lengua popular utilizada por los hablantes del Barrio el Edén, Managua, Nicaragua: perspectiva lexicográfica

El presente trabajo investigativo titulado Estudio de la lengua popular utilizada por los hablantes del Barrio el Edén, Managua, Nicaragua: perspectiva lexicográfica, tiene como objetivo Identificar, en breves grabaciones, lemas y frases a nivel de la lengua popular, con el fin de ayudar en los estudios lexicográficos del español hablado en el país. Primeramente, se realizó una exploración del estudio del análisis de lemas, frases palabras, características del habla popular nicaragüense, por lo consiguiente se pasó por un proceso de contraste con el Diccionario del español de Nicaragua (2009) y Diccionario de la lengua Española (2014). Se aplicaron métodos generales y especializados. Se realizó un procedimiento cuantitativo y cualitativo de los datos. Esto permitió representarlo en gráficas respectivas con su debida interpretación l exicográfica. Dentro de los datos concluyentes se identificó, que los lemas, palabras y frases compiladas en el glosario, están presentes las características del español hablado en Nicaragua

Estudio comparativo del diseño del pavimento flexible y semirrígido con carpeta asfáltica y base tratada, para las calles del mercado nuevo progreso sector la Hermelinda - Trujillo - la libertad

La zona de estudio se encuentra ubicada en el Mercado Nuevo Progreso, sector La Hermelinda – Trujillo. En esta tesis se realizará un estudio comparativo entre el diseño del pavimento Flexible y Semirrígido con Base tratada, del cual se analizará cuál de los dos métodos es el más adecuado para la zona, no solo económicamente si no técnicamente para el beneficio de la población. Para el estudio del proyecto se ha tomado en cuenta el transito existente en la zona, de tal modo que con el proyecto se pueda mejorar la circulación vehicular. Una vez obtenidos los diseños de los dos tipos de pavimentos, haremos una comparación de los tipos de diseño, para dar como resultado cuál de los dos diseños es el más adecuado para el proyecto.The study area is located in Mercado Nuevo Progreso, The Hermelinda - Trujillo sector. In this thesis a comparative study will be carried out between the design of the flexible and semi-rigid pavement with treated base, which will analyze which of the two methods is the most suitable for the area, not only economically but technically for the benefit of the population. For the study of the project has taken into account the existing traffic in the area, so that with the project can improve traffic circulation. Once the designs of the two types of pavements are obtained, we will make a comparison of the types of design, to give as a result which of the two designs is the most suitable for the project.Tesi

Síndrome de Burnout en estudiantes del I al X ciclo de Estomatología de la Universidad Privada Antenor Orrego 2015

El presente estudio tuvo como objetivo determinar el Síndrome de Burnout en estudiantes de I al X ciclo de Estomatología de la Universidad Privada Antenor Orrego 2015. El estudio, prospectivo, transversal, descriptivo y observacional se desarrolló en la Universidad Privada Antenor Orrego, incluyo un total de 240 estudiantes de la carrera de Estomatologia de I al X ciclo. Para determinar la presencia del Síndrome de Burnout se aplicó el cuestionario de Maslach Burnout Inventory-student Survery (MBI-SS). El instrumento consto de 15 ítems para evaluar las tres sub escalas del SBO: Cansancio Emocional, Cinismo y Eficacia Académica. La confiabilidad se determinó por la distribución Chi Cuadrado con el nivel de significancia del 5% (p<0.05). Los resultados nos muestran que en los estudiantes de estomatología de la Universidad Privada Antenor Orrego existe la presencia del Sindrome de Burnout en un nivel bajo 75.83% y finalmente en un nivel medio 24.17%. Concluyendo que el nivel de síndrome de burnout en estudiantes más prevalente es el nivel bajo y que el sexo, la edad y el lugar de procedencia no tienen influencia en el nivel de síndrome de burnout.This study aimed to determine the burnout syndrome in students from I to X cycle of Stomatology of the Private University Antenor Orrego 2015. The prospective, transversal, descriptive and observational developed in the Private University Antenor Orrego, I include a total of 240 students of the career of Stomatology of I to X cycle. To determine the presence of burnout syndrome questionnaire Maslach Burnout Inventory-student Survery (MBI-SS) was applied. The instrument group contained 15 items to assess the three subscales of SBO: emotional exhaustion, cynicism and academic efficiency. Reliability was determined by Chi Square distribution with the level of significance of 5% (p <0.05). The results show that students of dentistry at the Universidad Privada Antenor Orrego there is the presence of burnout syndrome at a low level 75.83% and finally at an average 24.17%. Concluding that the level of burnout more prevalent in students is low and that sex, age and place of origin have no influence on the level of burnout.Tesi