Prevalência de doação de sangue e fatores associados, Pelotas, RS

OBJECTIVE: To estimate the prevalence of blood donation and factors associated. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was carried out with a representative sample of 2,986 individuals, aged 20 or more, in the municipaly of Pelotas, Southern Brazil, in 2007. Three outcomes were considered: ever donating blood, donation during in the previous year and frequent donation pattern (at least two donations in the previous year). Each outcome was analyzed according to demographic, socioeconomic and health factors, exposure to blood donation publicity campaigns and whether the donor had a relative or friend who donated blood. The crude and multivariable analyses were performed using Poisson's regression, adjusted for sample design effect. RESULTS: Blood donation prevalence - ever, in the previous year and a frequent donation pattern - were 32%, 7.7% and 3.6%, respectively. Blood donation was more prevalent among males and increased in accordance with the economic level and health self-perception. The prevalence of ever donating blood was higher in the 50 to 65 years age group; in the previous year, it was higher among younger people (20 to 29 years); frequent donation was more prevalent in the 30 to 49 group. There was no association of the outcomes with skin color, marital status, religion, having a relative or friend who donates or knowing about publicity campaigns. CONCLUSIONS: Blood donation was more prevalent in men and in those who have better self-perception of health and a higher economic level. Campaigns encouraging blood donation should diversify the donor profile for reaching those groups of people who are less inclined to donate blood.OBJETIVO: Estimar la prevalencia de donación de sangre y factores asociados. MÉTODOS: Estudio transversal con muestra representativa de 2.986 individuos con 20 años o más realizado en la ciudad de Pelotas, Sur de Brasil, en 2007. Fueron considerados tres hechos: donación de sangre alguna vez en la vida, donación en el último año y donación fidelizada (por lo menos dos donaciones en el último año). Cada hecho fue analizado de acuerdo con variables demográficas, socioeconómicas, de salud, exposición a campañas de promoción de la donación de sangre y tener pariente o amigo donador. El análisis bruto y multivariable fue hecho utilizándose regresión e Poisson, con ajuste para el efecto del diseño muestral. RESULTADOS: Las prevalencias encontradas de donación de sangre alguna vez en la vida, en el último año y de donación fidelizada, fueron, respectivamente, 32%, 7,7% 3,6%. Tales prevalencias fueron mayores para individuos del sexo masculino y aumentó conforme el nivel económico y la autopercepción de la salud. La prevalencia de donación en la vida fue mayor para el grupo etareo de 50 a 65 años; en el último año, fue mayor entre los más jóvenes (20 a 29 años); y la donación fidelizada fue mayor para el grup de 30 a 49 años. Color de la piel, situación conyugal, religión, tener pariente o amigo donador y conocimiento sobre campañas no presentaron asociación con ningún de los hechos analizados. CONCLUSIONES: La prevalencia de donación de sangre fue mayor para los hombres y para aquellos con mejor autopercepción de salud y nivel económico. Las campañas de incentivo a la donación deberían diversificar el perfil de los donadores, de modo de alcanzar los grupos de personas menos propensas a donar sangre.OBJETIVO: Estimar a prevalência de doação de sangue e fatores associados. MÉTODOS: Estudo transversal com amostra representativa de 2.986 indivíduos com 20 anos ou mais realizado em Pelotas, RS, em 2007. Foram considerados três desfechos: doação de sangue alguma vez na vida, doação no último ano e doação fidelizada (pelo menos duas doações no último ano). Cada desfecho foi analisado de acordo com variáveis demográficas, socioeconômicas, de saúde, exposição a campanhas de promoção da doação de sangue e ter parente ou amigo doador. A análise bruta e multivariável foi feita utilizando-se regressão de Poisson, com ajuste para o efeito do desenho amostral. RESULTADOS: As prevalências encontradas de doação de sangue alguma vez na vida, no último ano e de doação fidelizada, foram, respectivamente, 32%, 7,7% e 3,6%. Tais prevalências foram maiores para indivíduos do sexo masculino e aumentou conforme o nível econômico e a autopercepção da saúde. A prevalência de doação na vida foi maior para o grupo etário de 50 a 65 anos; no último ano, foi maior entre os mais jovens (20 a 29 anos); e a doação fidelizada foi maior para o grupo de 30 a 49 anos. Cor da pele, situação conjugal, religião, ter parente ou amigo doador e conhecimento sobre campanhas não apresentaram associação com nenhum dos desfechos analisados. CONCLUSÕES: A prevalência de doação de sangue foi maior para os homens e para aqueles com melhor auto-percepção de saúde e nível econômico. As campanhas de incentivo à doação deveriam diversificar o perfil dos doadores, de modo a atingir os grupos de pessoas menos propensas a doar sangu

Reducing the environmental impact of surgery on a global scale: systematic review and co-prioritization with healthcare workers in 132 countries

Abstract Background Healthcare cannot achieve net-zero carbon without addressing operating theatres. The aim of this study was to prioritize feasible interventions to reduce the environmental impact of operating theatres. Methods This study adopted a four-phase Delphi consensus co-prioritization methodology. In phase 1, a systematic review of published interventions and global consultation of perioperative healthcare professionals were used to longlist interventions. In phase 2, iterative thematic analysis consolidated comparable interventions into a shortlist. In phase 3, the shortlist was co-prioritized based on patient and clinician views on acceptability, feasibility, and safety. In phase 4, ranked lists of interventions were presented by their relevance to high-income countries and low–middle-income countries. Results In phase 1, 43 interventions were identified, which had low uptake in practice according to 3042 professionals globally. In phase 2, a shortlist of 15 intervention domains was generated. In phase 3, interventions were deemed acceptable for more than 90 per cent of patients except for reducing general anaesthesia (84 per cent) and re-sterilization of ‘single-use’ consumables (86 per cent). In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for high-income countries were: introducing recycling; reducing use of anaesthetic gases; and appropriate clinical waste processing. In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for low–middle-income countries were: introducing reusable surgical devices; reducing use of consumables; and reducing the use of general anaesthesia. Conclusion This is a step toward environmentally sustainable operating environments with actionable interventions applicable to both high– and low–middle–income countries

Blood donation prevalence and associated factors in Pelotas, Southern Brazil

OBJECTIVE: To estimate the prevalence of blood donation and factors associated. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was carried out with a representative sample of 2,986 individuals, aged 20 or more, in the municipaly of Pelotas, Southern Brazil, in 2007. Three outcomes were considered: ever donating blood, donation during in the previous year and frequent donation pattern (at least two donations in the previous year). Each outcome was analyzed according to demographic, socioeconomic and health factors, exposure to blood donation publicity campaigns and whether the donor had a relative or friend who donated blood. The crude and multivariable analyses were performed using Poisson’s regression, adjusted for sample design effect. RESULTS: Blood donation prevalence – ever, in the previous year and a frequent donation pattern – were 32%, 7.7% and 3.6%, respectively. Blood donation was more prevalent among males and increased in accordance with the economic level and health self-perception. The prevalence of ever donating blood was higher in the 50 to 65 years age group; in the previous year, it was higher among younger people (20 to 29 years); frequent donation was more prevalent in the 30 to 49 group. There was no association of the outcomes with skin color, marital status, religion, having a relative or friend who donates or knowing about publicity campaigns. CONCLUSIONS: Blood donation was more prevalent in men and in those who have better self-perception of health and a higher economic level. Campaigns encouraging blood donation should diversify the donor profile for reaching those groups of people who are less inclined to donate blood

Mood disorder, anxiety, and suicide risk among subjects with alcohol abuse and/or dependence : a population-based study

Objective: To evaluate the prevalence of alcohol abuse and/or dependence in a population-based sample of young adults and assess the prevalence of comorbid mood disorders, anxiety, and suicide risk in this population. Methods: This cross-sectional, population-based study enrolled 1,953 young adults aged 18-35 years. The CAGE questionnaire was used to screen for alcohol abuse and/or dependence, with CAGE scoresX2 considered positive. Psychiatric disorders were investigated through the structured Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI). Results: Alcohol abuse and/or dependence was identified in 187 (9.60%) individuals (5.10% among women and 15.20% among men). Alcohol abuse and/or dependence were more prevalent among men than women, as well as among those who used tobacco, illicit drugs or presented with anxiety disorder, mood disorder, and suicide risk. Conclusion: These findings suggest that alcohol abuse and/or dependence are consistently associated with a higher prevalence of psychiatric comorbidities, could be considered important predictors of other psychiatric disorders, and deserve greater public heath attention, pointing to the need for alcohol abuse prevention programs

Mood disorder, anxiety, and suicide risk among subjects with alcohol abuse and/or dependence : a population-based study

Objective: To evaluate the prevalence of alcohol abuse and/or dependence in a population-based sample of young adults and assess the prevalence of comorbid mood disorders, anxiety, and suicide risk in this population. Methods: This cross-sectional, population-based study enrolled 1,953 young adults aged 18-35 years. The CAGE questionnaire was used to screen for alcohol abuse and/or dependence, with CAGE scoresX2 considered positive. Psychiatric disorders were investigated through the structured Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI). Results: Alcohol abuse and/or dependence was identified in 187 (9.60%) individuals (5.10% among women and 15.20% among men). Alcohol abuse and/or dependence were more prevalent among men than women, as well as among those who used tobacco, illicit drugs or presented with anxiety disorder, mood disorder, and suicide risk. Conclusion: These findings suggest that alcohol abuse and/or dependence are consistently associated with a higher prevalence of psychiatric comorbidities, could be considered important predictors of other psychiatric disorders, and deserve greater public heath attention, pointing to the need for alcohol abuse prevention programs