Crecimiento larvario de sardina (Sardina pilchardus Walb.) en laboratorio, bajo diferentes condiciones de alimentación

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Myeloid cell deficiency of p38γ/p38δ protects against candidiasis and regulates antifungal immunity

Fundació la Marató de TV3 (GrantNumber(s): 20133431; Grant recipient(s): Ana Cuenda) Wellcome Trust (GrantNumber(s): 97377, 102705; Grant recipient(s): GORDON D. BROWN) Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (GrantNumber(s): SAF2016-79792-R, SAF2014- 52009-R, SAF2013-45331-R; Grant recipient(s): Ana Cuenda, SUSANA ALEMANY) Medical Research Council (GrantNumber(s): MR/N006364/1; Grant recipient(s): GORDON D. BROWN) ERC Consolidator Grant (GrantNumber(s): 310372; Grant recipient(s): Mihai Netea)Peer reviewedPublisher PD

The Effect of Maternal Obesity on Breast Milk Fatty Acids and Its Association with Infant Growth and Cognition—The PREOBE Follow-Up

This study analyzed how maternal obesity affected fatty acids (FAs) in breast milk and their association with infant growth and cognition to raise awareness about the programming effect of maternal health and to promote a healthy prenatal weight. Mother–child pairs (n = 78) were grouped per maternal pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI): normal-weight (BMI = 18.5–24.99), overweight (BMI = 25–29.99) and obese (BMI > 30). Colostrum and mature milk FAs were determined. Infant anthropometry at 6, 18 and 36 months of age and cognition at 18 were analyzed. Mature milk exhibited lower arachidonic acid (AA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), among others, than colostrum. Breast milk of non-normal weight mothers presented increased saturated FAs and n6:n3 ratio and decreased a-linolenic acid (ALA), DHA and monounsaturated FAs. Infant BMI-for-age at 6 months of age was inversely associated with colostrum n6 (e.g., AA) and n3 (e.g., DHA) FAs and positively associated with n6:n3 ratio. Depending on the maternal weight, infant cognition was positively influenced by breast milk linoleic acid, n6 PUFAs, ALA, DHA and n3 LC-PUFAs, and negatively a ected by n6:n3 ratio. In conclusion, this study shows that maternal pre-pregnancy BMI can influence breast milk FAs and infant growth and cognition, endorsing the importance of a healthy weight in future generations.This research was funded by the European Commission (DynaHEALTH-HORIZON 2020GANo: 633595) and the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (BFU2012-40254-C03-02). Further support was obtained from, Spanish Ministry of Innovation and Science (Junta de Andalucía), Excellence Projects (P06-CTS-02341). ADLGP thanks the Mexican government and the National Council on Science and Technology (CONACYT) for her PhD grant. The funders had no role in the study design, data collection, data analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript

Changes in Coastal Benthic Algae Succession Trajectories and Assemblages Under Contrasting Nutrient and Grazer Loads

Eutrophication plays a crucial role in coastal systems, driving changes in the composition and abundance of flora and fauna with consequent effects for the entire ecosystem. Sensitive to nutrient levels, micro- and macroalgal blooms serve as valuable indicators of eutrophication. The San Antonio Bay (Northern Argentinean Patagonia, 40° 43′ S, 64° 56′ W) provides an appropriate system to study in situ eutrophication processes on coastal communities. In a multi-scale approach, using two different kind of settlement substrates (micro: polyethylene terephthalate, and macro: ceramic), the present study followed benthic algal dynamics over one year, distinguishing changes in natural succession and seasonality. Strong differences were found in the biofilm assemblages after three days, marked by tube dwelling diatoms and Cocconeis spp. under high nutrient-grazer conditions and needle like diatoms (e.g. Nitzschia spp., Tabularia spp.) under lower nutrient-grazer loads. The succession continued by the colonization of macroalgae, with a higher recruitment rate in the nutrient and grazer rich environment with a concomitant higher diversity. Our results show that under higher nutrient-grazer conditions natural benthic succession not only differs in trajectory but in its final taxa composition promoting higher biodiversity and biomass accumulation. In addition, taxa specific substrate preferences interfere with the observed eutrophication pattern, suggesting substrate dependant interrelations between the bloom forming taxa. These findings provide evidence that nutrient enrichment can not only affect an established assemblage but also affect the early succession stages, changing the succession trajectory and thus the final assemblage.Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Muse

The RADMED monitoring program as a tool for MSFD implementation: toward an ecosystem based approach

In the western Mediterranean Sea, the RADMED monitoring programme is already conducting several of the evaluations required under the Marine Strategy Framework Directive (MFSD) along the Spanish Mediterranean coast. The different aspects of the ecosystem that are regularly sampled under this monitoring programme are the physical environment and the chemical and biological variables of the water column, together with the planktonic communities, biomass and structure. Moreover, determinations of some anthropogenic stressors on the marine environment, such as contaminants and microplastics, are under development. Data are managed and stored at the Instituto Español de Oceanografía (IEO) Data Centre that works under the Sea- DataNet infrastructure, and are also stored in the IBAMar database. In combination with remote sensing data, they are used to address open questions on the ecosystems in the western Mediterranean Sea.Postprint2,293

The integration of Transversal Competences in Higher Education in Engineering through e-learning tools. The case of the ETSII at the UPV

[EN] One of the objectives of Higher Education, increasingly demanded by the labor market, is to guarantee the development of professional, social and ethical skills of students. Making the learning of these type of transversal competences (TC) compatible with the specific competences of the degree in the time frame of the studies, is not an easy task in particular of some of these competences, in engineering profile degrees. For this reason, at the Higher Technical School of Industrial Engineering (ETSII) of the Universitat Politècnica de València (UPV) it has been designed an e-learning platform by the teaching staff, students and employers, coordinated by the SubDirectorate of Educational Innovation and within the framework of a Project of Innovation and Educational Improvement of the UPV,. This platform allows students to train in TC at their own pace according to their needs and teachers to use methodologies appropriate to their subjects and domain level adapted to the engineering framework. In this way, the platform can be used as a vertical coordination axis between subjects, for the development of TC at the different levels of mastery throughout the ETSII students' studies.[ES] Uno de los objetivos de la Educación Superior cada vez más demandado por el mercado laboral es garantizar el desarrollo de habilidades profesionales, sociales y éticas del alumnado. Compatibilizar el aprendizaje de este tipo de competencias de carácter transversal (CT) con las competencias específicas propias de la titulación en el marco temporal de los estudios, no es tarea sencilla especialmente para algunas de estas competencias y en titulaciones de perfil ingenieril. Por este motivo, en la Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Industrial (ETSII) de la Universitat Politècnica de València (UPV) se ha diseñado una plataforma e-learning por parte del profesorado, estudiantes y empleadores, coordinados por la Subdirección de Innovación Educativa y en el marco de diferentes Proyectos de Innovación y Mejora Educativa de la UPV, Esta plataforma permite al estudiantado formarse en CT de manera autónoma según sus necesidades, y al profesorado recurrir a metodologías adecuadas a sus asignaturas y nivel de dominio adaptadas al ámbito ingenieril. De esta forma, la plataforma puede usarse como eje de coordinación vertical entre asignaturas, para el desarrollo de CT en los distintos niveles de dominio a lo largo de los estudios del alumnado de la ETSII.Este trabajo ha sido desarrollado en el marco de los proyectos "Coordinación metodológica a través de webs de apoyo en títulos ETSII para diferentes CT" de la convocatoria de Proyectos de Innovación y Mejora Educativa Institucionales con código PIME/19-20 Ref.150, Ref.151 y Ref.152, impulsada por el Vicerrectorado de Estudios, Calidad y Acreditación y el Instituto de Ciencias de la Educación de la UPVVillanueva López, JF.; Alemany Díaz, MDM.; Vallés Lluch, A.; García-Serra García, J.; Alarcón Valero, F.; Andrés, J.; Aragonés-Beltrán, P.... (2021). La integración de Competencias Transversales en la Educación Superior en Ingenierías mediante herramientas de e-learning. El caso de la ETSII en la UPV. Servicio de Publicaciones Universidad Zaragoza. 137-142. https://doi.org/10.26754/CINAIC.2021.0029S13714

Influence of clinical and neurocognitive factors in psychosocial functioning after a first episode non-affective psychosis: differences between males and females

BackgroundDeficits in psychosocial functioning are present in the early stages of psychosis. Several factors, such as premorbid adjustment, neurocognitive performance, and cognitive reserve (CR), potentially influence functionality. Sex differences are observed in individuals with psychosis in multiple domains. Nonetheless, few studies have explored the predictive factors of poor functioning according to sex in first-episode psychosis (FEP). This study aimed to explore sex differences, examine changes, and identify predictors of functioning according to sex after onset.Materials and methodsThe initial sample comprised 588 individuals. However, only adults with non-affective FEP (n = 247, 161 males and 86 females) and healthy controls (n = 224, 142 males and 82 females) were included. A comprehensive assessment including functional, neuropsychological, and clinical scales was performed at baseline and at 2-year follow-up. A linear regression model was used to determine the predictors of functioning at 2-year follow-up.ResultsFEP improved their functionality at follow-up (67.4% of both males and females). In males, longer duration of untreated psychosis (β = 0.328, p = 0.003) and worse premorbid adjustment (β = 0.256, p = 0.023) were associated with impaired functioning at 2-year follow-up, while in females processing speed (β = 0.403, p = 0.003), executive function (β = 0.299, p = 0.020) and CR (β = −0.307, p = 0.012) were significantly associated with functioning.ConclusionOur data indicate that predictors of functioning at 2-year follow-up in the FEP group differ according to sex. Therefore, treatment and preventative efforts may be adjusted taking sex into account. Males may benefit from functional remediation at early stages. Conversely, in females, early interventions centered on CR enhancement and cognitive rehabilitation may be recommended