Post-conflict perception in Colombia: The case of high school students

Tras el Acuerdo de Paz de 2016 entre el gobierno de la República de Colombia y la guerrilla FARC, se implementó la Cátedra de la Paz dentro de las políticas de consolidación del posconflicto. Para conocer su incidencia en la percepción sobre el posconflicto, se realizó una investigación mixta cuantitativa en el que se usan datos cualitativos para reforzar los resultados obtenidos con la escala tipo Likert a 793 alumnos de educación básica y media de colegios de Barranquilla y área metropolitana. Los resultados muestran que el posconflicto es percibido como una etapa formalmente nueva, pero los participantes no ven una diferencia respecto a lo que les importa. El extrañamiento, los ritmos del cambio, la incertidumbre y la ignorancia estratégica son claves para comprender su respuesta.After the 2016 Peace Agreement between the of the Republic of Colombia government and the FARC guerrilla, the Chair for Peace was implemented within the post-conflict consolidation policies. In order to know its impact on the post-conflict perception, we conducted a mixed quantitative investigation in which qualitative data are used to reinforce the results obtained with a Likerttype scale applied to a sample 793 high school students in Barranquilla and the metropolitan area. The results demonstrate that the post-conflict is perceived as a formally new stage, but the participants do not appreciate a difference regarding to what matters to them. The estrangement, the rhythms of change, the uncertainty, and the strategic ignorance are key to comprehend their response

Amiloidosis neural como forma de presentación de una hernia discal lumbar

Amyloidosis is defined as a group of diseases characterized by extracellular deposits of fibrillar tissue, which can be primary or secondary, localized or systemic. The amount of damaged tissue determines the patient’s symptoms and signs, which can also include those characteristic of the underlying disease in cases of secondary amyloidosis. There are several forms of presentation of this disease. Kidney, heart, liver or peripheral nerve lesions are predominant. However, unusual forms, diagnosed in biopsies of tissue from local exeresis of tumors, are described. The case of a patient who was diagnosed a lumbar disc herniation by magnetic resonance imaging is reported.  During surgery, an intraradicular tumor was found, which was identified as an amyloid lesion in the pathology study. This paper discusses the characteristics of the case and conducts a review of the literature. It stresses again the importance of suspicion of the disease in any patient with underlying illnesses that can potentially cause amyloidosis, as well as the presence of proteinuria or auto-inflammatory syndromes, being the pathology study of vital importance for the diagnosis.La amiloidosis se define como un grupo de  enfermedades caracterizadas por depósitos extracelulares de tejido fibrilar y puede ser primaria o secundaria y localizada o sistémica; la cantidad de tejido dañado determina sus síntomas y sus signos, a los que pueden sumarse los propios de la enfermedad subyacente en casos de amiloidosis secundaria. Múltiples son las formas de presentación de esta enfermedad, predominan las lesiones renales, las cardíacas, las del hígado o de los nervios periféricos, aunque son descritas formas  inusuales diagnosticadas en las biopsias  de tejidos procedentes de exeresis de tumoraciones locales. Se presenta el caso de un paciente al que se le diagnosticó una hernia discal lumbar mediante resonancia magnética nuclear y al que, en el acto quirúrgico, se le encontró una tumoración intraradicular que resultó, en el estudio anatomopatológico, una lesión amiloide.  En el trabajo se discuten  las características del caso, se hace una revisión de la literatura y se realza  la importancia  de la sospecha diagnóstica de esta enfermedad; en todo paciente con enfermedades subyacentes  potenciales de causar amiloidosis, así como ante la presencia  de proteinuria o de síndromes  auto inflamatorios, son de vital importancia, para el diagnóstico, los estudios anatomopatológicos

Nanotribology and electrical properties of carbon nanotubes hybridized with covalent organic frameworks

Nanomanipulation of molecular materials such as carbon nanotubes (CNTs) or new covalent organic frameworks (COFs) is key not only for the study of their fundamental physicochemical properties, but also for building and probing nanodevices. Therefore, we have investigated the tribological properties of oxidized MWCNTs (ox-MWCNTs) and their hybridization with COF building blocks (ox-MWCNTs@COF) adsorbed on a mica surface. We used the AFM tip to apply torsional forces on individual nanotubes. Depending on the manipulation parameters, the lateral displacements of the AFM tip slide and/or bend nanotubes enabling the direct quantification of the nanotube-mica adhesion. We found striking changes in the behaviour of the lateral force needed to manipulate each carbon nanotube variant which indicates an increased adhesion of ox-MWCNTs@COF with respect to ox-MWCNTs (∼10x). In addition, the use of the AFM tip as a mobile electrode enabled the measurement of electrical transport through individual nanotubes that revealed a rectifying behaviour of the ox-MWCNTs@COF with high resistivity, which was in contrast with the near ohmic performance of ox-MWCNTsP. J.d.P. acknowledges support by grants from the Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion (FIS2017- 89549-R; “Maria de Maeztu” Program for Units of Excellence in R&D MDM2014-0377; and FIS2017-90701- REDT) and the Human Frontiers Science Program (HFSPO RGP0012/ 2018). R. M. ackowledges support by grant PID2019-110637RB-10

Informe anatomo-patológico de un tumor óseo de células gigantes en localización no habitual

The case of a male, aged 29, which showed destruction of the L5 vertebral body and was diagnosed with giant cell tumor of bone (osteoclastoma) is presented. Imaging studies and morphological elements of the tumor are shown. The unusual presentation in vertebra and the existence of other tumoral and tumor like lesions of bone which contained giant cells motivated us to review the literature to establish the pathological discussion with reference to histopathological criteria and other aspects that are necessary for the differential diagnosis.Se presenta un varón de 29 años de edad en el que se demostró la destrucción del cuerpo vertebral de L5 y se diagnosticó un tumor de células gigantes de hueso (osteoclastoma); se muestran estudios de imagen y elementos morfológicos del tumor. La presentación no habitual en vértebra y la existencia de otras lesiones pseudotumorales y tumorales de hueso que contienen células gigantes motivaron a revisar la literatura médica para establecer la discusión patológica y tomar como referencia criterios histopatológicos  y otros aspectos necesarios para el diagnóstico diferencial

Imine-Based Covalent Organic Frameworks as Photocatalysts for Metal Free Oxidation Processes under Visible Light Conditions

Embargo de 12 meses tras la publicación exigido por la editorialPhotochemistry of extended polyimine COF structures with laminar, spherical and 3D architectures has been examined. We show that these materials, composed by undecorated phenyl rings and imine fragments, can act as photocatalyts in oxidative transformations, being the crystalline laminar material the most active photocatalyst. The sulfoxidation reaction proceeds with good yields for a large variety of different sulfides. This process was carried out under visible light conditions (20 W), ethanol/H2O as solvent, and the heterogeneous porous material can be recycled up to 9 times. The crystallinity favours the behavior as photocatalyst of laminar and spherical COFs whereas any particular effect on the 3D material activity was observed. Sulfoxidation reaction mainly proceeds through an energy transfer mechanism using crystalline laminar material. In addition, these materials as photocatalysts were used for the oxidation of phenyl boronic acid into phenolWe are grateful to the Spanish Government (CTQ2015- 64561-R and RTI2018-095038-B-I00), “Comunidad de Madrid” and European Structural Funds (S2018/NMT-4367). Leyre Marzo thanks to CAM for the Atracción de Talento fellowship (2/ 2017-T2/AMB-5037

Medio siglo craquelando el techo de cristal: romperlo no ha sido posible.

Grazzia Rey: Profesora Agregada Clínica Ginecotocológica B Hospital de Clínicas, Facultad de Medicina Universidad de la República. Correo electrónico: [email protected] ORCID: 0000-0002-5970-6302-- Guadalupe Gonçalves: Estudiante de Medicina. Facultad de Medicina Universidad de la República-- Fernanda Blasina: Prof. Directora Departamento de Neonatología Hospital de Clínicas Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la Republica. ORCID: 0000-0001-6697-5570-- Alicia Alemán: Profesora Agregada Departamento de Medicina Preventiva y Social. Facultad de Medicina. Universidad de la República. ORCID: 0000-0002-9247-1031-- Franco González Mora: Profesor Adjunto Departamento de Medicina Preventiva y Social. Facultad de Medicina. Universidad de la República. ORCID: 0000-0002-0606-4174.Este artículo es un análisis de la composición por grado y sexo del plantel docente de la Facultad de Medicina. Se espera contribuir a la discusión sobre los factores estructurales que determinan y condicionan las trayectorias docentes en la facultad. Estos factores generan y reproducen desigualdades de género, que podrían ser anuladas modificando los esquemas explícitos e implícitos que habilitan su existencia. Se relevó y procesó información (de grado y sexo) proveniente de las páginas web actualizadas de 36 servicios de la Facultad que incluyó a 887 docentes. Luego del análisis de los datos analizados en el artículo, enfatizamos que es necesario romper con los esquemas que producen y reproducen los modelos hegemónicos, dando lugar a nuevas formas de relacionamiento entre los géneros, a deconstruir el formato tradicional de la carrera docente. Es una discusión que debería involucrar a todos los órdenes universitarios y a todos los individuos que los componen, independientemente del género.This article is an analysis of the composition by grade and sex of the teaching staff of the Faculty of Medicine. It is expected to contribute to the discussion on the structural factors that determine and condition the teaching paths in the faculty. These factors generate and reproduce gender inequalities, which could be annulled by modifying the explicit and implicit schemes that enable their existence. Information (of grade and gender) was collected and processed from the updated web pages of 36 services of the Faculty, which included 887 teachers. After analyzing the data analyzed in the article, we emphasize that it is necessary to break with the schemes that produce and reproduce the hegemonic models, giving rise to new forms of relationship between genders, to deconstruct the traditional format of the teaching career. It is a discussion that should involve all university orders and all the individuals that compose them, regardless of gender.Este artigo é uma análise da composição por série e sexo do corpo docente da Faculdade de Medicina. Espera-se contribuir para a discussão sobre os fatores estruturais que determinam e condicionam os percursos pedagógicos na faculdade. Esses fatores geram e reproduzem as desigualdades de gênero, que poderiam ser anuladas modificando os esquemas explícitos e implícitos que possibilitam sua existência. As informações (de série e gênero) foram coletadas e processadas nas páginas atualizadas da web de 36 serviços da Faculdade, que incluíram 887 professores. Após a análise dos dados analisados no artigo, destacamos que é necessário romper com os esquemas que produzem e reproduzem os modelos hegemônicos, dando origem a novas formas de relação entre os gêneros, para desconstruir o formato tradicional da carreira docente. É uma discussão que deve envolver todas as ordens universitárias e todos os indivíduos que as compõem, independentemente do gênero

Smoking Patterns and Receipt of Cessation Services Among Pregnant Women in Argentina and Uruguay

Introduction: The 5A’s (Ask, Advise, Assess, Assist, and Arrange) strategy, a best-practice approach for cessation counseling, has been widely implemented in high-income countries for pregnant women; however, no studies have evaluated implementation in middle-income countries. The study objectives were to assess smoking patterns and receipt of 5A’s among pregnant women in Buenos Aires, Argentina and Montevideo, Uruguay. Methods: Data were collected through administered questionnaires to women at delivery hospitalizations during October 2011–May 2012. Eligible women attended one of 12 maternity hospitals or 21 associated prenatal care clinics. The questionnaire included demographic data, tobacco use/cessation behaviors, and receipt of the 5A’s. Self-reported cessation was verified with saliva cotinine. Results: Overall, of 3400 pregnant women, 32.8% smoked at the beginning of pregnancy; 11.9% quit upon learning they were pregnant or later during pregnancy, and 20.9% smoked throughout pregnancy. Smoking prevalence varied by country with 16.1% and 26.7% who smoked throughout pregnancy in Argentina and Uruguay, respectively. Among pregnant smokers in Argentina, 23.8% reported that a provider asked them about smoking at more than one prenatal care visit; 18.5% were advised to quit; 5.3% were assessed for readiness to quit, 4.7% were provided assistance, and 0.7% reported follow-up was arranged. In Uruguay, those percentages were 36.3%, 27.9%, 5.4%, 5.6%, and 0.2%, respectively. Conclusions: Approximately, one in six pregnant women smoked throughout pregnancy in Buenos Aires and one in four in Montevideo. However, a low percentage of smokers received any cessation assistance in both countries. Healthcare providers are not fully implementing the recommended 5A’s intervention to help pregnant women quit smoking.Fil: Berrueta, Amanda Mabel. Instituto de Efectividad Clínica y Sanitaria; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Morello, Paola. Instituto de Efectividad Clínica y Sanitaria; ArgentinaFil: Alemán, Alicia. Unidad de Investigación Clínica y Epidemiológica Montevideo; UruguayFil: Tong, Van T.. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; Estados UnidosFil: Johnson, Carolyn. Tulane School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine; Estados UnidosFil: Dietz, Patricia M.. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; Estados UnidosFil: Farr, Sherry L.. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; Estados UnidosFil: Mazzoni, Agustina. Instituto de Efectividad Clínica y Sanitaria; ArgentinaFil: Colomar, Mercedes. Unidad de Investigación Clínica y Epidemiológica Montevideo; UruguayFil: Ciganda, Alvaro. Unidad de Investigación Clínica y Epidemiológica Montevideo; UruguayFil: Llambi, Laura. Unidad de Investigación Clínica y Epidemiológica Montevideo; UruguayFil: Becú, Ana. Instituto de Efectividad Clínica y Sanitaria; ArgentinaFil: Gibbons, Luz. Instituto de Efectividad Clínica y Sanitaria; ArgentinaFil: Smith, Ruben A.. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; Estados UnidosFil: Buekens, Pierre. Tulane School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine; Estados UnidosFil: Belizan, Jose. Instituto de Efectividad Clínica y Sanitaria; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Althabe, Fernando. Instituto de Efectividad Clínica y Sanitaria; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentin

Calidad de vida y metabolitos relacionados en pacientes obesos post-Covid-19

Objetivo. Evaluar la calidad de vida en salud y metabolitos relacionados en pacientes post Covid-19. Material y Métodos. Estudio ambispectivo, transversal, observacional y analítico, realizado en 35 pacientes con diagnóstico confirmado de Covid-19 y con resultados de laboratorio durante su hospitalización de dimero D, ferritina, troponina y proteína C reactiva. Se aplicó el cuestionario whoqol bref para medir la calidad de vida en salud. Y se evaluó la consistencia interna del mismo mediante el Alpha de Cronbach. Además, se emplearon pruebas no paramétricas para identificar tanto asociación como diferencia de medias en las variables de interés.  Resultados. Se encontró que la hipertensión arterial fue la principal comorbilidad, en tanto que la disnea fue el síntoma con mayor prevalencia. Los metabolitos analizados fueron elevados, siendo los hombres los que presentaron mediciones estadísticamente más altas. Respecto al test de calidad de vida en salud, presentó una buena validez interna (Alfa de Cronbach de 0.965). Aunque solo un porcentaje bajo (8.6 %) de los pacientes manifestó llevar una calidad de vida en salud alta después de haber sido dado de alta.  Conclusiones. La calidad de vida en salud en pacientes que lograron superar esta enfermedad puede verse reducida, sobre todo en hombres adultos quienes al parecer son más propensos a presentar falla multisistémica

Oxigenación con membrana extracorpórea en el paciente COVID-19: resultados del Registro Español ECMO-COVID de la Sociedad Española de Cirugía Cardiovascular y Endovascular (SECCE)

Background and aim: COVID-19 patients with severe heart or respiratory failure are potential candidates for extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO). Indications and management of these patients are unclear. Our aim is to describe the results of a prospective registry of COVID-19 patients treated with ECMO. Methods: An anonymous prospective registry of COVID-19 patients treated with veno-arterial (V-A) or veno-venous (V-V) ECMO was created on march 2020. Clinical, analytical and respiratory preimplantation variables, implantation data and post-implantation course data were recorded. The primary endpoint was all cause in-hospital mortality. Secondary events were functional recovery and the combined endpoint of mortality and functional recovery in patients followed at least 3 months after discharge. Results: Three hundred and sixty-six patients from 25 hospitals were analyzed, 347 V-V ECMO and 18 V-A ECMO patients (mean age 52.7 and 49.5 years respectively). Patients with V-V ECMO were more obese, had less frequently organ damage other than respiratory failure and needed less inotropic support; Thirty three percent of V-A ECMO and 34.9% of V-A ECMO were discharged (P = NS). Hospital mortality was non-significantly different, 56.2% versus 50.9% respectively, mainly during ECMO therapy and mostly due to multiorgan failure. Other 51 patients (14%) remained admitted. Mean follow-up was 196 +/- 101.7 days (95%CI: 170.8-221.6). After logistic regression, body weight (OR 0.967, 95%CI: 0.95-0.99, P = 0.004) and ECMO implantation in the own centre (OR 0.48, 95%CI: 0.27-0.88, P = 0.018) were protective for hospital mortality. Age (OR 1.063, 95%CI: 1.005-1.12, P = 0.032), arterial hypertension (3.593, 95%CI: 1.06-12.19, P = 0.04) and global (2.44, 95%CI: 0.27-0.88, P = 0.019), digestive (OR 4,23, 95%CI: 1.27-14.07, P = 0.019) and neurological (OR 4.66, 95%CI: 1.39-15.62, P = 0.013) complications during ECMO therapy were independent predictors of primary endpoint occurrence. Only the post-discharge day at follow-up was independent predictor of both secondary endpoints occurrence. Conclusions: Hospital survival of severely ill COVID-19 patients treated with ECMO is near 50%. Age, arterial hypertension and ECMO complications are predictors of hospital mortality, and body weight and implantation in the own centre are protective. Functional recovery is only predicted by the follow-up time after discharge. A more homogeneous management of these patients is warranted for clinical results and future research optimization. (C) 2022 Sociedad Espanola de Cirugia Cardiovascular y Endovascular. Published by Elsevier Espana, S.L.U