Counter-Pandemic Vector of Remote Learning for University Students: Risks and Benefits of Educational Process Large-Scale Digitalization

The relevance of this study is due to the challenges of the global pandemic, which has led to the large-scale development of education digitalization. In this regard, this article is devoted to revealing the features of remote learning in the context of a global pandemic, identifying the risks and benefits of digital learning. The article reveals the discursive content of the counter-pandemic vector of distance learning for University students; defines the classification of risks and advantages of large-scale digitalization of students’ remote learning. Based on the results of the study, the authors justified the consolidated model of students distance learning, the counter-pandemic vector of which is a large-scale digitalization of the University educational process. The effectiveness of the model is proved by the results of its use in the process of large-scale digitalization of students’ remote learning in the context of a global pandemic. The materials of the article have practical application and can be useful in the development and implementation of digital educational complexes. They are recommended to teachers and students of the University, methodologists, curators, Tutors

A study of carbon xerogel additive on the performance of negative electrode lead battery

Peer reviewe

Improvement of Biocatalytic Properties and Cytotoxic Activity of L-Asparaginase from Rhodospirillum rubrum by Conjugation with Chitosan-Based Cationic Polyelectrolytes

L-asparaginases (L-ASNases, EC 3.5.1.1) are a family of enzymes that are widely used for the treatment of lymphoblastic leukemias. L-ASNase from Rhodospirillum rubrum (RrA) has a low molecular weight, low glutaminase activity, and low immunogenicity, making it a promising enzyme for antitumor drug development. In our work, the complex formation and covalent conjugation of the enzyme with synthetic or natural polycationic polymers was studied. Among non-covalent polyelectrolyte complexes (PEC), polyethyleneimine (PEI) yielded the highest effect on RrA, increasing its activity by 30%. The RrA-PEI complex had increased stability to trypsinolysis, with an inactivation constant decrease up to 10-fold compared to that of the native enzyme. The covalent conjugation of RrA with chitosan-PEI, chitosan-polyethylene glycol (chitosan-PEG), and chitosan-glycol resulted in an increase in the specific activity of L-asparagine (up to 30%). RrA-chitosan-PEG demonstrated dramatically (by 60%) increased cytotoxic activity for human chronic myeloma leukemia K562 cells in comparison to the native enzyme. The antiproliferative activity of RrA and its conjugates was significantly higher (up to 50%) than for that of the commercially available EcA at the same concentration. The results of this study demonstrated that RrA conjugates with polycations can become a promising strategy for antitumor drug development

L-Asparaginase Conjugates from the Hyperthermophilic Archaea <i>Thermococcus sibiricus</i> with Improved Biocatalytic Properties

This study investigated the effect of polycationic and uncharged polymers (and oligomers) on the catalytic parameters and thermostability of L-asparaginase from Thermococcus sibiricus (TsA). This enzyme has potential applications in the food industry to decrease the formation of carcinogenic acrylamide during the processing of carbohydrate-containing products. Conjugation with the polyamines polyethylenimine and spermine (PEI and Spm) or polyethylene glycol (PEG) did not significantly affect the secondary structure of the enzyme. PEG contributes to the stabilization of the dimeric form of TsA, as shown by HPLC. Furthermore, neither polyamines nor PEG significantly affected the binding of the L-Asn substrate to TsA. The conjugates showed greater maximum activity at pH 7.5 and 85 °C, 10–50% more than for native TsA. The pH optima for both TsA-PEI and TsA-Spm conjugates were shifted to lower pH ranges from pH 10 (for the native enzyme) to pH 8.0. Additionally, the TsA-Spm conjugate exhibited the highest activity at pH 6.5–9.0 among all the samples. Furthermore, the temperature optimum for activity at pH 7.5 shifted from 90–95 °C to 80–85 °C for the conjugates. The thermal inactivation mechanism of TsA-PEG appeared to change, and no aggregation was observed in contrast to that of the native enzyme. This was visually confirmed and supported by the analysis of the CD spectra, which remained almost unchanged after heating the conjugate solution. These results suggest that TsA-PEG may be a more stable form of TsA, making it a potentially more suitable option for industrial use

Counter-Pandemic Vector of Remote Learning for University Students: Risks and Benefits of Educational Process Large-Scale Digitalization

The relevance of this study is due to the challenges of the global pandemic, which has led to the large-scale development of education digitalization. In this regard, this article is devoted to revealing the features of remote learning in the context of a global pandemic, identifying the risks and benefits of digital learning. The article reveals the discursive content of the counter-pandemic vector of distance learning for University students; defines the classification of risks and advantages of large-scale digitalization of students’ remote learning. Based on the results of the study, the authors justified the consolidated model of students distance learning, the counter-pandemic vector of which is a large-scale digitalization of the University educational process. The effectiveness of the model is proved by the results of its use in the process of large-scale digitalization of students’ remote learning in the context of a global pandemic. The materials of the article have practical application and can be useful in the development and implementation of digital educational complexes. They are recommended to teachers and students of the University, methodologists, curators, Tutors.La relevancia de este estudio se debe a los desafíos de la pandemia global, que ha llevado al desarrollo a gran escala de la digitalización de la educación. En este sentido, este artículo está dedicado a revelar las características del aprendizaje remoto en el contexto de una pandemia global, identificando los riesgos y beneficios del aprendizaje digital. El artículo revela el contenido discursivo del vector antipandémico del aprendizaje a distancia para estudiantes universitarios; define la clasificación de riesgos y ventajas de la digitalización a gran escala del aprendizaje remoto de los estudiantes. A partir de los resultados del estudio, los autores justificaron el modelo consolidado de educación a distancia de los estudiantes, cuyo vector contrapandémico es la digitalización a gran escala del proceso educativo universitario. La eficacia del modelo queda demostrada por los resultados de su uso en el proceso de digitalización a gran escala del aprendizaje remoto de los estudiantes en el contexto de una pandemia mundial. Los materiales del artículo tienen aplicación práctica y pueden ser útiles en el desarrollo e implementación de complejos educativos digitales. Se recomiendan a profesores y estudiantes de la Universidad, metodólogos, curadores, Tutores

Design of Conjugates Based on Sesquiterpene Lactones with Polyalkoxybenzenes by &ldquo;Click&rdquo; Chemistry to Create Potential Anticancer Agents

Using the methodology of &ldquo;click&rdquo; chemistry, a singular method has been developed for the synthesis of unique conjugates based on sesquiterpene lactones: dehydrocostuslactone and alantolactone with polyalkoxybenzenes. To expand the structural range of the resulting conjugates, the length of the 1,2,3-triazole spacer was varied. For all synthesized compounds, the cytotoxic profile was determined on the cell lines of tumor origin (SH-SY5Y, HeLa, Hep-2, A549) and normal Hek 293 cells. It was found that the compounds based on alantolactone 7a&ndash;d with a long spacer and substances containing dehydrocostuslactone 10a&ndash;d with a short spacer have the greatest toxic effect. The decrease in cell survival under the action of these conjugates may be due to their ability to cause dissipation of the transmembrane potential of mitochondria and inhibit the process of glycolysis, leading to cell death. The obtained results confirm the assumption that the development of conjugates based on sesquiterpene lactones and polyalkoxybenzenes can be considered as a promising strategy for the search for potential antitumor agents