Culturable fish seeds in Nigerian waters: A research survey (1978-1985)

The desired species identified in this survey include mullets, catfishes, fast growing fish predators, species for control of weeds and grass it, ponds, cichlids and shrimps. Five coastal states: Lagos, Ondo, Bendel, Rivers, and Cross River were covered in the studies. Investigations were also carried into the major rivers and their tributaries. A combination of the estimation methods of Le Cren, (1962) and Pitcher and Mac Donald (1973) was employed in the analysis of data. From the detailed data collected from (1978-1985), the survey indicated that about 100 million fish seeds can be collected annually from Nigerian waters using appropriate gear-seine nets, cast nets, and fish traps. Of this number, 60% is available along the coastal belt of the country while 40% is in the major rivers, their tributaries and swamps. At the present level of fish culture development in Nigeria, this is more than enough, even after allowing for 50% mortality due to handling and transportation stres

Knowledge of Hepatitis B Vaccine among Operating Room Personnel in Nigeria and Their Vaccination Status

Background. Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a well recognised occupational health hazard preventable by vaccination. Objectives. To determine the knowledge of operating room personnel (ORP) in Nigeria about the Hepatitis B vaccine, their perception of Hepatitis B vaccination and vaccination status against HBV. Methods. Four university hospitals were selected by simple random sampling. A structured questionnaire was administered to 228 ORP after obtaining consent. Result. Only 26.8% of ORP were vaccinated against HBV. The primary reason for not being vaccinated or for defaulting from vaccination was lack of time. Differences in age, sex, duration of practice and respondent's institution between vaccinated and unvaccinated ORP were not significant (P > 0.05). The majority (86.8%) had the awareness of the existence of Hepatitis B vaccine. 83.8% of respondents believed that the vaccine should be given to the ORP as part of work place safety measures. The majority were aware of the modes of transmission of HBV infection. 78.9% of respondents believed that Hepatitis B vaccine is safe and 81.1% would recommend it to another staff. Conclusion. Despite a good knowledge about HBV infection and vaccine, most of ORP are still not vaccinated. Hepatitis B vaccination should be a prerequisite for working in the theatre, hence putting surgical patients at reduced risk

Reducing the environmental impact of surgery on a global scale: systematic review and co-prioritization with healthcare workers in 132 countries

Background Healthcare cannot achieve net-zero carbon without addressing operating theatres. The aim of this study was to prioritize feasible interventions to reduce the environmental impact of operating theatres. Methods This study adopted a four-phase Delphi consensus co-prioritization methodology. In phase 1, a systematic review of published interventions and global consultation of perioperative healthcare professionals were used to longlist interventions. In phase 2, iterative thematic analysis consolidated comparable interventions into a shortlist. In phase 3, the shortlist was co-prioritized based on patient and clinician views on acceptability, feasibility, and safety. In phase 4, ranked lists of interventions were presented by their relevance to high-income countries and low–middle-income countries. Results In phase 1, 43 interventions were identified, which had low uptake in practice according to 3042 professionals globally. In phase 2, a shortlist of 15 intervention domains was generated. In phase 3, interventions were deemed acceptable for more than 90 per cent of patients except for reducing general anaesthesia (84 per cent) and re-sterilization of ‘single-use’ consumables (86 per cent). In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for high-income countries were: introducing recycling; reducing use of anaesthetic gases; and appropriate clinical waste processing. In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for low–middle-income countries were: introducing reusable surgical devices; reducing use of consumables; and reducing the use of general anaesthesia. Conclusion This is a step toward environmentally sustainable operating environments with actionable interventions applicable to both high– and low–middle–income countries

Reducing the environmental impact of surgery on a global scale: systematic review and co-prioritization with healthcare workers in 132 countries

Abstract Background Healthcare cannot achieve net-zero carbon without addressing operating theatres. The aim of this study was to prioritize feasible interventions to reduce the environmental impact of operating theatres. Methods This study adopted a four-phase Delphi consensus co-prioritization methodology. In phase 1, a systematic review of published interventions and global consultation of perioperative healthcare professionals were used to longlist interventions. In phase 2, iterative thematic analysis consolidated comparable interventions into a shortlist. In phase 3, the shortlist was co-prioritized based on patient and clinician views on acceptability, feasibility, and safety. In phase 4, ranked lists of interventions were presented by their relevance to high-income countries and low–middle-income countries. Results In phase 1, 43 interventions were identified, which had low uptake in practice according to 3042 professionals globally. In phase 2, a shortlist of 15 intervention domains was generated. In phase 3, interventions were deemed acceptable for more than 90 per cent of patients except for reducing general anaesthesia (84 per cent) and re-sterilization of ‘single-use’ consumables (86 per cent). In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for high-income countries were: introducing recycling; reducing use of anaesthetic gases; and appropriate clinical waste processing. In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for low–middle-income countries were: introducing reusable surgical devices; reducing use of consumables; and reducing the use of general anaesthesia. Conclusion This is a step toward environmentally sustainable operating environments with actionable interventions applicable to both high– and low–middle–income countries

Retracted: Clinicopathologic Pattern and Outcome of Management of Pancreatic Carcinoma in Ibadan, Nigeria

This article has been retracted owing to a miscommunication between the author and the editor-in-chief which led to the publishing of an article which had already been published in another journal

Preliminary Study on the Effect of Halofantrine Hydrochloride on the Testes of Mature Wistar Rats

Halofantrine hydrochloride is a phenantrine methanol antimalarial, which is schizonticidal with a high degree of activity against the asexual erythrocytic stage of malaria parasites. It is indicated for the treatment of acute malaria caused by single or mixed infections of Plasmodium falciparum or Plasmodium vivax. Fifteen male adult rats of Wistar strain (Rattus Norvegicus) weighing between 200-300g were divided into three groups of five rats each were used for the study. The first group (Group A) was given 0. 05ml of drug/100g of animal body weight; the second group (Group B) was given 0. 1ml of drug/100g of animal body weight while the third group (Group C; control) was given 0.05ml of physiological saline/ 100g of animal body weight. The drug/physiological saline was given in three doses at six hourly intervals. The rats were all sacrificed on the fifth day following treatment and the testes examined morphologically and histologically after fixing with 10% formaldehyde. Result obtained showed no statistical gross morphological differences between all the three rat groups with respect to testicular weights and lengths (p>0. 05). There were however, significant differences between the groups in terms of the testicular width (

Chronic Toxicity Study Of The Effect Of Crude Petroleum (Bonny Light), Kerosine And Gasoline On Rats Using Haematological Parameters

Haematological parameters such as haemoglobin content (Hb), pack cell volume (PCV) and white Blood Cell Counts (WBC) were used to assess the effect of crude oil (bony light), kerosene and gasoline on rats chronically exposed to 15kg-1,7.5kg-1 and 5gk-1 of the respective petroleum samples of crude petroleum (bony light), kerosene and gasoline. These samples were administered intraperitoneally and monitored for first, second and third months of exposure. A significant fall in Hb and PCV were observed in the three sample groups through the 3 months duration. For gasoline injected rats the Hb decreased from 13.86 0.21 of control to 6.35 0.49 at third month, kerosene from 13.860.21 of control to 9.18 2.80 and crude petroleum (bonny light) from 13.86 0.21 of control to 10.67 0.65 at third month. Furthermore, the PCV decreased from 41.50 0.71 of control to 19.051.47 at the third month for gasoline, kerosene decreased from 41.50 0.71 of control to 27.748.40 at the third month, with crude petroleum (bonny light) decreasing from 41.50 0.71 of control to 31.91 1.95 at the third month. Finally the WBC seemed to increase marginally from 4.65 0.07 of control to 5.00 0.14 at the third month with gasoline, 6.85 1 1.39 at third month with crude petroleum (bony light) . in conclusion, the results seemed to suggest that long term exposure of rats to petroleum samples could induce anaemia through the reduction in Hb and PCV levels as obtained in this study. (Journal of Applied Sciences & Environmental Management: 2002 6(1): 60-63