Heritage landscape and tourism in the precordilleran area of Panguipulli, southern Chile

En la zona precordillerana lacustre del sur de Chile las prácticas culturales de las comunidades mapuche contribuyen a una gestión del paisaje de bajo impacto que ha permitido preservar la riqueza patrimonial natural y cultural de la zona. A través de un enfoque cualitativo se establece que tal bajo impacto es, en parte, resultado de la relación de convivencia que las comunidades han mantenido con el territorio que habitan. Surge de ello un paisaje patrimonial que, por su carácter y valores relevantes, merece ser objeto de reconocimiento y salvaguarda para garantizar su respeto y conservación frente a la amenaza que significa el desarrollo de una actividad turística fundada en lógicas de mercado hegemónicas que podrían alterar significativamente las características del paisaje analizado.In the pre-cordilleran area of Southern Chile, the cultural practices of the Mapuche communities contribute to a low-impact landscape management, enabling the conservation of the local natural and cultural heritage. Through a qualitative approach, this research shows that such a low impact derives in part from the way the local community coexists with its own living territory. From this relationship, a heritage landscape is generated. This landscape has to be specifically acknowledged and granted protection status so as to protect and conserve it from the threat of a market-led tourism which could significantly modify the landscape characteristics.Agencia Nacional de Investigación y Desarrollo, ANID, Proyecto FONDECYT No. 11170506

Consideraciones sobre la calidad del Gasto Público

Este artí­culo  se propuso, a partir de una revisión de las publicaciones especializadas en relación con la calidad del gasto público, poder sistematizar las tendencias reportadas al respecto. Se revisó la aparición   del término “calidad del gasto público”   mediante consultas empleando el Google Académico   y se pudieron recopilar un total de 30 documentos. El análisis de los contenidos de estos documentos se realizó para intentar poder sintetizar los aspectos claves señalados en la literatura consultada en relación con: el papel del estado en relación con la calidad del gasto público, incidencia del gasto público en la distribución social del ingreso, valoración de la calidad del gasto público. Se concluyó que el papel del estado es trabajar para lograr: transparencia en los procesos y resultados del sector público., el menor nivel de corrupción posible en las decisiones y que los recursos del sector público puedan dedicarse a usos que puedan maximizar su rentabilidad social. La mayorí­a de los estudios sobre eficiencia y eficacia del gasto público concluyeron que el gasto podrí­a ser mucho menor y más eficiente en los paí­ses latinoamericanos. El análisis realizado indicó como posibles lí­neas de investigación al respecto la necesidad de poder desarrollar investigaciones que puedan determinar la calidad del gasto público bien mediante información de desempeño   o a partir de programas de micro-simulación.

LA INTERCULTURALIDAD DESDE LOS PLANES NACIONALES DEL BUEN VIVIR

En el presente texto se realiza una productiva correlación entre los aportes teóricos sobre interculturalidad y las propuestas que se han formulado en planes del desarrollo de Ecuador. La reflexión teórica se trabajó a partir de contribuciones básicas, entendidas como procesos de descolonización para compartir el poder, en el que sociedades y culturas se caracterizarían por nuevos pactos éticos. El objetivo principal del estudio se centró en analizar la inclusión del tema intercultural en los Planes Nacionales para el Buen Vivir (2009-2013) (2013-2017). La metodología usada, en este proceso de reflexión y análisis, fue hermenéutica, entendida como interpretación y comprensión de textos. En calidad de resultados se detecta una amplia inclusión de la interculturalidad en los planes en mención. El problema se proyecta, cuando los pobladores deben aplicar estos planes en la cotidianidad social y cultual, ya que contempla contenidos redactados en lenguajes sumamente técnicos y epistemologías complejas, de difícil acceso para la mayoría de la ciudadanía ecuatoriana e, incluso, para profesionales. &nbsp

Modelo de valorizaci?n de terrenos residenciales en 11 distritos de Lima

La presente tesis tiene como finalidad investigar cuales son las principales variables que influyen en el precio de lista de los terrenos residenciales en 11 distritos de la denominada Lima moderna. Esto se logra determinando las variables m?s relevantes seg?n distintas investigaciones, ponder?ndolas y determinando cuales son las que se puede levantar en un modelo de regresi?n Hed?nica. Luego de estos se levanta informaci?n en 200 observaciones de terrenos de ?ndole residencial y se corre el modelo de diferentes maneras para determinar la significancia de las variables. Se concluye que las variables que m?s influyen son el ?rea verde, distrito, factor fondo, centralidad, esquina y altura, as? como otras que no influyen como tama?o del frente y cercan?a a estaciones

Cloud condensation nuclei activation properties of Mediterranean pollen types considering organic chemical composition and surface tension effects

Supplementary data to this article can be found online at https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2023.119961This work was supported by BioCloud project (RTI2018.101154.A. I00) funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033, FEDER “Una manera de hacer Europa” and NUCLEUS project (PID2021-128757OB- I00) funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 and NextGener- ationEU/PRTR. This work received support from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program through projects ACT- RIS.IMP (grant agreement No 871115) and ATMO_ACCESS (grant agreement No 101008004), by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation through projects ELPIS (PID2020-120015RB-I00) and ACT- RIS-Espa˜na (CGL2017-90884REDT)). By the Junta de Andalucía Excel- lence, project ADPANE (P20-00136), AEROPRE (P-18-RT-3820) and by University of Granada Plan Propio through Visiting Scholars (PPVS2018-04), Singular Laboratory (LS2022-1) programs and Pre- Competitive Research Projects Pre-Greenmitigation3 (PP2022.PP34). Funding for open access charge, University of Granada/CBUA. Andrea Casans is funded by Spanish ministry of research and innovation under the predoctoral program FPI (PRE2019-090827) funded by MCIN/AEI/ 10.13039/501100011033, FSE “El FSE invierte en tu futuro”. Fernando Rejano is funded by Spanish ministry of universities through predoctoral grant FPU19/05340. Juan Andr´es Casquero-Vera is funded by FJC2021- 047873-I, MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 and NextGener- ationEU/PRTR. Elisabeth Andrews is funded in part by NOAA cooper- ative agreements NA17OAR4320101. Thanks to the NOAA Global Monitoring Laboratory for the use of the CCN counterWind-dispersed pollen grains emitted from vegetation are directly injected into the atmosphere being an important source of natural aerosols globally. These coarse particles of pollen can rupture into smaller particles, known as subpollen particles (SPPs), that may act as cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) and affect the climate. In this study, we characterize and investigate the ability of SPPs of 10 Mediterranean-climate pollen types to activate as CCN. A continuous flow CCN counter (CCNC) was used to measure the activation of size-selected (80, 100 and 200 nm dry mobility diameter) particles at different supersaturations (SS). Hygroscopicity parameter (κ) for each SPP type and size has been calculated using κ-K¨ohler theory. Organic chemical speciation and protein content has been determined to further characterize pollen solutions. Furthermore, the surface activity of SPPs has also been investigated by using pendant drop tensiometry. All studied SPP samples show critical supersat- uration (SSCrit) values that are atmospherically relevant SS conditions. Hygroscopicity κ values are in the range characteristic of organic compounds (0.1–0.3). We found that organic speciation and protein content vary substantially among pollen types, with saccharides and fatty acids being the only organic compounds found in all pollen types. A clear relationship between SPP activation and its organic composition was not observed. This study also reveals that all SPPs investigated reduce the surface tension of water at high concentrations but at diluted concentrations (such as those of activation in the CCNC), the water surface tension value is a good approximation in K¨ohler theory. Overall, this analysis points out that pollen particles might be an important source of CCN in the atmosphere and should be considered in aerosol-cloud interactions processes.BioCloud project (RTI2018.101154.A. I00) funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033, FEDER “Una manera de hacer Europa” and NUCLEUS project (PID2021-128757OB- I00) funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033NextGenerationEU/PRTREuropean Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program through projects ACT- RIS.IMP (grant agreement No 871115)European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program through project ATMO_ACCESS (grant agreement No 101008004Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation through projects ELPIS (PID2020-120015RB-I00) and ACT-RIS-España (CGL2017-90884REDT)Junta de Andalucía Excel- lence, project ADPANE (P20-00136), AEROPRE (P-18-RT-3820)University of Granada Plan Propio through Visiting Scholars (PPVS2018-04), Singular Laboratory (LS2022-1) programs and Pre- Competitive Research Projects Pre-Greenmitigation3 (PP2022.PP34)Funding for open access charge, University of Granada/CBUASpanish ministry of research and innovation under the predoctoral program FPI (PRE2019-090827) funded by MCIN/AEI/ 10.13039/501100011033Spanish ministry of universities through predoctoral grant FPU19/05340FJC2021- 047873-I, MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 and NextGenerationEU/PRTRNOAA cooperative agreements NA17OAR432010

Retrieval of aerosol profiles combining sunphotometer and ceilometer measurements in GRASP code

This is a preprint version of article accepted "Roman, A.; et al. Retrieval of aerosol profiles combining sunphotometer and ceilometer measurements in GRASP code. Atmospheric Research, 204: 161-177 (2018). DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016./j.atmosres.2018.01.021".In this paper we present an approach for the profiling of aerosol microphysical and optical properties combining ceilometer and sun/sky photometer measurements in the GRASP code (General Retrieval of Aerosol and Surface Properties). For this objective, GRASP is used with sun/sky photometer measurements of aerosol optical depth (AOD) and sky radiances, both at four wavelengths and obtained from AErosol RObotic NETwork (AERONET), and ceilometer measurements of range corrected signal (RCS) at 1064 nm. A sensitivity study with synthetic data evidences the capability of the method to retrieve aerosol properties such as size distribution and profiles of volume concentration (VC), especially for coarse particles. Aerosol properties obtained by the mentioned method are compared with airborne in-situ measurements acquired during two flights over Granada (Spain) within the framework of ChArMEx/ADRIMED (Chemistry-Aerosol Mediterranean Experiment/Aerosol Direct Radiative Impact on the regional climate in the MEDiterranean region) 2013 campaign. The retrieved aerosol VC profiles agree well with the airborne measurements, showing a mean bias error (MBE) and a mean absolute bias error (MABE) of 0.3 µm3/cm3 (12%) and 5.8 µm3/cm3 (25%), respectively. The differences between retrieved VC and airborne in-situ measurements are within the uncertainty of GRASP retrievals. In addition, the retrieved VC at 2500 m a.s.l. is shown and compared with in-situ measurements obtained during summer 2016 at a high-atitude mountain station in the framework of the SLOPE I campaign (Sierra Nevada Lidar AerOsol Profiling Experiment). VC from GRASP presents high correlation (r=0.91) with the in-situ measurements, but overestimates them, MBE and MABE being equal to 23% and 43%.This work was supported by the Andalusia Regional Government (project P12-RNM-2409) and by the “Consejería de Educación” of “Junta de Castilla y León” (project VA100U14); the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness under the projects, CMT2015-66742-R, CGL2016-81092-R and “Juan de la Cierva-Formación” program (FJCI-2014-22052); and the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme through project ACTRIS-2 (grant agreement no 654109) and the Marie Curie Rise action GRASP-ACE (grant agreement no 778349). The authors thankfully acknowledge the FEDER program for the instrumentation used in this work. COST Action TOPROF (ES1303), supported by COST (European Cooperation in Science and Technology), is also acknowledged

The Latin American experience of allografting patients with severe aplastic anaemia: real-world data on the impact of stem cell source and ATG administration in HLA-identical sibling transplants

We studied 298 patients with severe aplastic anaemia (SAA) allografted in four Latin American countries. The source of cells was bone marrow (BM) in 94 patients and PBSCs in 204 patients. Engraftment failed in 8.1% of recipients with no difference between BM and PBSCs (P = 0.08). Incidence of acute GvHD (aGvHD) for BM and PBSCs was 30% vs 32% (P = 0.18), and for grades III–IV was 2.6% vs 11.6% (P = 0.01). Chronic GvHD (cGvHD) between BM and PBSCs was 37% vs 59% (P = 0.002) and extensive 5% vs 23.6% (P = 0.01). OS was 74% vs 76% for BM vs PBSCs (P = 0.95). Event-free survival was superior in patients conditioned with anti-thymocyte globulin (ATG)-based regimens compared with other regimens (79% vs 61%, P = 0.001) as excessive secondary graft failure was seen with other regimens (10% vs 26%, P = 0.005) respectively. In multivariate analysis, aGvHD II–IV (hazard ratio (HR) 2.50, confidence interval (CI) 1.1–5.6, P = 0.02) and aGvHD III–IV (HR 8.3 CI 3.4–20.2, Po0.001) proved to be independent negative predictors of survival. In conclusion, BM as a source of cells and ATG-based regimens should be standard because of higher GvHD incidence with PBSCs, although the latter combining with ATG in the conditioning regimen could be an option in selected high-risk patient

Hydrotherapy as a recovery strategy after exercise: a pragmatic controlled trial

Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT01765387Background Our aim was to evaluate the recovery effects of hydrotherapy after aerobic exercise in cardiovascular, performance and perceived fatigue. Methods A pragmatic controlled repeated measures; single-blind trial was conducted. Thirty-four recreational sportspeople visited a Sport-Centre and were assigned to a Hydrotherapy group (experimental) or rest in a bed (control) after completing a spinning session. Main outcomes measures including blood pressure, heart rate, handgrip strength, vertical jump, self-perceived fatigue, and body temperature were assessed at baseline, immediately post-exercise and post-recovery. The hypothesis of interest was the session*time interaction. Results The analysis revealed significant session*time interactions for diastolic blood pressure (P=0.031), heart rate (P=0.041), self perceived fatigue (P=0.046), and body temperature (P=0.001); but not for vertical jump (P=0.437), handgrip (P=0.845) or systolic blood pressure (P=0.266). Post-hoc analysis revealed that hydrotherapy resulted in recovered heart rate and diastolic blood pressure similar to baseline values after the spinning session. Further, hydrotherapy resulted in decreased self-perceived fatigue after the spinning session. Conclusions Our results support that hydrotherapy is an adequate strategy to facilitate cardiovascular recovers and perceived fatigue, but not strength, after spinning exercise

Natural History of MYH7-Related Dilated Cardiomyopathy

BACKGROUND Variants in myosin heavy chain 7 (MYH7) are responsible for disease in 1% to 5% of patients with dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM); however, the clinical characteristics and natural history of MYH7-related DCM are poorly described. OBJECTIVES We sought to determine the phenotype and prognosis of MYH7-related DCM. We also evaluated the influence of variant location on phenotypic expression. METHODS We studied clinical data from 147 individuals with DCM-causing MYH7 variants (47.6% female; 35.6 +/- 19.2 years) recruited from 29 international centers. RESULTS At initial evaluation, 106 (72.1%) patients had DCM (left ventricular ejection fraction: 34.5% +/- 11.7%). Median follow-up was 4.5 years (IQR: 1.7-8.0 years), and 23.7% of carriers who were initially phenotype-negative developed DCM. Phenotypic expression by 40 and 60 years was 46% and 88%, respectively, with 18 patients (16%) first diagnosed at <18 years of age. Thirty-six percent of patients with DCM met imaging criteria for LV noncompaction. During follow-up, 28% showed left ventricular reverse remodeling. Incidence of adverse cardiac events among patients with DCM at 5 years was 11.6%, with 5 (4.6%) deaths caused by end-stage heart failure (ESHF) and 5 patients (4.6%) requiring heart transplantation. The major ventricular arrhythmia rate was low (1.0% and 2.1% at 5 years in patients with DCM and in those with LVEF of <= 35%, respectively). ESHF and major ventricular arrhythmia were significantly lower compared with LMNA-related DCM and similar to DCM caused by TTN truncating variants. CONCLUSIONS MYH7-related DCM is characterized by early age of onset, high phenotypic expression, low left ventricular reverse remodeling, and frequent progression to ESHF. Heart failure complications predominate over ventricular arrhythmias, which are rare. (C) 2022 The Authors. Published by Elsevier on behalf of the American College of Cardiology Foundation

INNOVA Research Journal

El (Censos, 2016) (INEC), en su encuesta nacional de empleo, desempleo y subempleo en el Ecuador, de marzo de 2016, informó que el 68,6% de las personas en edad de trabajar se considera económicamente activo; de éstos, el 94,3% se consideran con empleo, el 5,7% no cuenta con empleo formal o independiente. De las personas en edad de trabajar 31,4% forman parte de la población económicamente inactiva. El emprendimiento se presenta como una solución que permite generar empleo. A la luz de nuevas investigaciones sobre el consumo de carnes y productos procesados. Está evolucionando las percepciones de la población y se están modificando sus hábitos. Se cuestionan más sobre los efectos en su salud y sobre el impacto ambiental, es mayor la demanda de productos en cuya elaboración se genere un menor nivel de impacto ambiental. Siendo la responsabilidad ambiental, un factor que a las empresas competitivas globales y locales las ha llevado no sólo a cumplir con las disposiciones legales, sino a crear ventajas competitivas a partir de la promoción del trabajo realizado en favor de la protección del medio ambiente. El fomento de emprendimientos con responsabilidad ambiental, mediante el uso de fibras sintéticas y pieles artificiales ayudará a generar herramientas para incrementar el empleo, generando valor con responsabilidad ambiental