Hot spots and the hollowness of proton-proton interactions at high energies

We present a dynamical explanation of the hollowness effect observed in proton-proton scattering at $\sqrt s\!=\!7$ TeV. This phenomenon, not observed at lower energies, consists in a depletion of the inelasticity density at zero impact parameter of the collision. Our analysis is based on three main ingredients: we rely gluonic hot spots inside the proton as effective degrees of freedom for the description of the scattering process. Next we assume that some non-trivial correlation between the transverse positions of the hot spots inside the proton exists. Finally we build the scattering amplitude from a multiple scattering, Glauber-like series of collisions between hot spots. In our approach, the onset of the hollowness effect is naturally explained as due to the diffusion or growth of the hot spots in the transverse plane with increasing collision energy.Comment: 4 pages, 3 figure

Territory as a tool for an education on Arts. Pedagogical methodology for a Contemporary Creation Studio

En el siguiente artículo expongo mi metodología de trabajo como docente de la asignatura de Taller de Proyectos de Creación Contemporánea, materia que me permite explorar, junto con los estudiantes, procesos artísticos diferentes a los normalizados en las aulas universitarias. Mi interés prioritario reside en ofrecerles herramientas para indagar sobre el territorio cotidiano y su relación con el mismo; a nivel físico, sensorial y simbólico, a fin de ampliar y desarrollar la experiencia artística como herramienta transversal hacia nuevas miradas y significantes posibilidades expresivas, que van más allá del material, formato y discurso establecidos en la academia. Para abordar estos factores utilizo el cuerpo, el espacio y los elementos que nos rodean como materia principal de investigación experiencial.This article presents the teaching methodology of the course “Contemporary Art Projects”. This course gives the students the opportunity of exploring innovative artistic processes; different than what is commonly used in most classrooms. The main interest consists of offering the students a variety of tools to explore their quotidian in a physical, sensory, and symbolic level, so that their artistic experience develops transversally. Such development facilitates new viewpoints and opens significant expressive possibilities that are not limited to the for-mats and discourses narrowly recognized by academia. To engage in this learning process, students are encouraged to create awareness of their bodies, their ambient and other surrounding elements as the matters of their experiential research

Lund multiplicity in QCD jets

We compute the average Lund multiplicity of high-energy QCD jets. This extends an earlier calculation, done for event-wide multiplicity in $e^+e^-$ collisions [arxiv:2205.02861], to the large energy range available at the LHC. Our calculation achieves next-to-next-to-double logarithmic (NNDL) accuracy. Our results are split into a universal collinear piece, common to the $e^+e^-$ calculation, and a non-universal large-angle contribution. The latter amounts to 10-15% of the total multiplicity. We provide accurate LHC predictions by matching our resummed calculation to fixed-order NLO results and by incorporating non-perturbative corrections via Monte Carlo simulations. Including NNDL terms leads to a 50% reduction of the theoretical uncertainty, with non-perturbative corrections remaining below 5% down to transverse momentum scales of a few GeV. This proves the suitability of Lund multiplicities for robust theory-to-data comparisons at the LHC.Comment: 37 pages, 9 figure

Dead-cone searches in heavy-ion collisions using the jet tree

We explore the possibility of using the dead cone of heavy quarks as a region of the Lund plane where medium-induced gluon radiation can be isolated and characterised. The filling of the dead cone by medium-induced gluons is expected to be the result of the interplay between the minimum angle of such radiation due to transverse momentum broadening and the dead-cone angle. Since the measurement of a fully corrected Lund plane in heavy-ion collisions is currently challenging, we propose to use jet grooming techniques to identify a particular splitting in the jet tree that is both perturbative and sensitive to the dead-cone effect. To that end, we propose a new jet substructure groomer, dubbed Late-$k_t$, that selects the most collinear splitting in a QCD jet above a certain transverse momentum cutoff $k_{t,\rm{cut}}$. The role of $k_{t,\rm{cut}}$ is to guarantee perturbative splittings, while selecting the most collinear splitting enhances the sensitivity to mass effects. As a proof of concept, we study the angular distribution of the splitting tagged by Late-$k_t$ both analytically and with Monte Carlo simulations. First, we derive the logarithmic resummation structure in vacuum and demonstrate its capability to distinguish between inclusive and heavy-flavoured jets. Next, we extend the calculation for in-medium jets and show that medium-induced emissions lead to an enhancement of collinear emissions below the dead cone angle. Numerically, we demonstrate an excellent resilience of Late-$k_t$ against uncorrelated thermal background, thus confirming this observable as a potential candidate to unveil medium dynamics around the dead cone regime

Dynamical grooming of QCD jets

We propose a new class of infrared-collinear and Sudakov safe observables with an associated jet grooming technique that removes dynamically soft and large angle branches. It is based on identifying the hardest branch in the Cambridge/Aachen reclustering sequence and discarding prior splittings that occur at larger angles. This leads to a dynamically generated cutoff on the phase space of the tagged splitting that is encoded in a Sudakov form factor. In this exploratory study we focus on the mass and momentum sharing distributions of the tagged splitting which we analyze analytically to modified leading-logarithmic accuracy and compare to Monte Carlo simulations.publishedVersio

Tagging boosted hadronic objects with dynamical grooming

We evaluate the phenomenological applicability of the dynamical grooming technique, introduced by Y. Mehtar-Tani, A. Soto-Ontoso, and K. Tywoniuk [Phys. Rev. D 101, 034004 (2020)], to boosted W and top tagging at LHC conditions. An extension of our method intended for multiprong decays with an internal mass scale, such as the top quark decay, is presented. First, we tackle the reconstruction of the mass distribution of W and top jets quantifying the smearing due to pileup. When compared to state-of-the-art grooming algorithms like SoftDropand its recursive version, dynamical grooming shows an enhanced resilience to background fluctuations. In addition, we assess the discriminating power of dynamical grooming to distinguish W (top) jets from QCD ones by performing a two-step analysis: introduce a cut on the groomed mass around the W (top) mass peak followed by a restriction on the N-subjettinnes ratio τ 21 ( τ 32 ). For W jets, the out-of-the-box version of dynamical grooming results in a comparable performance to SoftDrop. Regarding the top tagger efficiency, 3-prong dynamical grooming, in spite of its simplicity, presents better performance than SoftDrop and similar results to recursive SoftDrop.publishedVersio

Regulación del operador dominante en las telecomunicaciones en México

regulación, telecomunicaciones, operador dominante, México

Symmetric cumulants as a probe of the proton substructure at LHC energies

We present a systematic study of the normalized symmetric cumulants, NSC(n,m), at the eccentricity level in proton-proton interactions at √s=13TeV within a wounded hot spot approach. We focus our attention on the influence of spatial correlations between the proton constituents, in our case gluonic hot spots, on this observable. We notice that the presence of short-range repulsive correlations between the hot spots systematically decreases the values of NSC(2, 3)and NSC(2, 4)in mid-to ultra-central collisions while increases them in peripheral interactions. In the case of NSC(2, 3)we find that, as suggested by data, an anti-correlation of ε2and ε3in ultra-central collisions, i.e. NSC(2, 3) <0, is possible within the correlated scenario while it never occurs without correlations when the number of gluonic hot spots is set to three. We attribute this fact to the decisive role of correlations on enlarging the probability of interaction topologies that reduce the value of NSC(2, 3)and, eventually, make it negative. Further, we explore the dependence of our conclusions on the number of hot spots, the values of the hot spot radius and the repulsive core distance. Our results add evidence to the idea that considering spatial correlations between the subnucleonic degrees of freedom of the proton may have a strong impact on the initial state properties of proton-proton interactionsAS would like to thank Maxime Guilbaud and Antonio Bueno for profitable and enlightening discussions. Further, AS thanks the Dpto. de Física Teórica y del Cosmos in the University of Granada for the warming hospitality during the early stages of this work thanks to a grant from the COST Action CA15213 THOR. This work was partially supported by a Helmholtz Young Investigator Group VH-NG-822 from the Helmholtz Association and GSI, the Helmholtz International Center for the Facility for Antiproton and Ion Research (HIC for FAIR) within the frame-work of the Landes-Offensive zur Entwicklung Wissenschaftlich-Oekonomischer Exzellenz (LOEWE) program launched by the State of Hesse, a FP7-PEOPLE-2013-CIG Grant of the European Commission, reference QCDense/631558, and by Ramón y Cajal and MINECO projects reference RYC-2011-09010 and FPA2013-47836

Informe sobre cuestiones marítimas, transfronterizas y otros problemas jurídicos

Traballo fin de grao (UDC.DER). Dereito. Curso 2013/201