Annotated bibliography on the economic effects of global climate change on fisheries

Fisheries, Bibliography, Climatic changes

A mechanistic perspective on plastically flexible coordination polymers

Mechanical flexibility in single crystals of covalently bound materials is a fascinating and poorly understood phenomenon. We present here the first example of a plastically flexible one‐dimensional (1D) coordination polymer. The compound [Zn(μ‐Cl)2(3,5‐dichloropyridine)2]n is flexible over two crystallographic faces. Remarkably, the single crystal remains intact when bent to 180°. A combination of microscopy, diffraction, and spectroscopic studies have been used to probe the structural response of the crystal lattice to mechanical bending. Deformation of the covalent polymer chains does not appear to be responsible for the observed macroscopic bending. Instead, our results suggest that mechanical bending occurs by displacement of the coordination polymer chains. Based on experimental and theoretical evidence, we propose a new model for mechanical flexibility in 1D coordination polymers. Moreover, our calculations propose a cause of the different mechanical properties of this compound and a structurally similar elastic material

Antibiotic resistance, bacterial transmission and improved prediction of bacterial infection in patients with antibody deficiency

Background Antibody-deficient patients are at high risk of respiratory tract infections. Many therefore receive antibiotic prophylaxis and have access to antibiotics for self-administration in the event of breakthrough infections, which may increase antimicrobial resistance (AMR). Objectives To understand AMR in the respiratory tract of patients with antibody deficiency. Methods Sputum samples were collected from antibody-deficient patients in a cross-sectional and prospective study; bacteriology culture, 16S rRNA profiling and PCR detecting macrolide resistance genes were performed. Bacterial isolates were identified using MALDI-TOF, antimicrobial susceptibility was determined by disc diffusion and WGS of selected isolates was done using Illumina NextSeq with analysis for resistome and potential cross-transmission. Neutrophil elastase was measured by a ProteaseTag immunoassay. Results Three hundred and forty-three bacterial isolates from sputum of 43 patients were tested. Macrolide and tetracycline resistance were common (82% and 35% of isolates). erm(B) and mef(A) were the most frequent determinants of macrolide resistance. WGS revealed viridans streptococci as the source of AMR genes, of which 23% also carried conjugative plasmids linked with AMR genes and other mobile genetic elements. Phylogenetic analysis of Haemophilus influenzae isolates suggested possible transmission between patients attending clinic. In the prospective study, a negative correlation between sputum neutrophil elastase concentration and Shannon entropy α-diversity (Spearman’s ρ = −0.306, P = 0.005) and a positive relationship with Berger–Parker dominance index (ρ = 0.502, P < 0.001) were found. Similar relationships were noted for the change in elastase concentration between consecutive samples, increases in elastase associating with reduced α-diversity. Conclusions Measures to limit antibiotic usage and spread of AMR should be implemented in immunodeficiency clinics. Sputum neutrophil elastase may be a useful marker to guide use of antibiotics for respiratory infection

Experimental study of the robust global synchronization of Brockett oscillators

International audienceThis article studies the experimental synchronization of a family of a recently proposed oscillator model, i.e. the Brockett oscillator [Brockett, 2013]. Due to its structural property, Brockett oscillator can be considered as a promising benchmark nonlinear model for investigating synchronization and the consensus phenomena. Our experimental setup consists of analog circuit realizations of a network of Brockett oscillators. Experimental results obtained in this work correspond to the prior theoretical findings

Parton Densities in a Nucleon

In this paper we re-analyse the situation with the shadowing corrections (SC) in QCD for the proton deep inelastic structure functions. We reconsider the Glauber - Mueller approach for the SC in deep inelastic scattering (DIS) and suggest a new nonlinear evolution equation. We argue that this equation solves the problem of the SC in the wide kinematic region where \as \kappa = \as \frac{3 \pi \as}{2 Q^2R^2} x G(x,Q^2) \leq 1. Using the new equation we estimate the value of the SC which turn out to be essential in the gluon deep inelastic structure function but rather small in $F_2(x,Q^2)$. We claim that the SC in $xG(x,Q^2)$ is so large that the BFKL Pomeron is hidden under the SC and cannot be seen even in such "hard" processes that have been proposed to test it. We found that the gluon density is proportional to $\ln(1/x)$ in the region of very small $x$. This result means that the gluon density does not reach saturation in the region of applicability of the new evolution equation. It should be confronted with the solution of the GLR equation which leads to saturation.Comment: latex file 53 pages, 27 figures in eps file

Subsurface stratigraphic mapping using geoelectric method and its impact on development in Federal College of Education (technical) Gusau, Zamfara State, Nigeria

Kako bi se provelo podzemno stratigrafsko kartiranje Federal College of Education (Technical), Gusau, Zamfara State, napravljeno je snimanje električne otpornosti. Provedena su dvadeset četiri vertikalna električna sondiranja (VES) s maksimalnim razmakom strujnih elektroda od 200 m. Korišten je Schlumbergerov raspored elektroda. Za interpretaciju rezultata korišten je WinGlink softver. U podzemlju ispitivanog područja postoje dva ili tri sloja. Vrijednosti otpornosti prvog sloja variraju od 1 do 522 Wm a debljine između 0,40 do 2,29 m. Površinski sloj se sastoji uglavnom od gline. Drugi sloj dobiven geoelektričnom prospekcijom ima otpornost koja varira između 5 i 4 000 Wm i debljinu od 0,37 do17,0 m. Litološki sastav drugog sloja se mijenja od pjeskovite gline do rastrošenog/raspucanog pješčenjaka. Otpornost trećeg sloja se mijenja od 50 do 9 900 Wm a tip stijene se mijenja od rastrošene/raspucane podloge do svježe podloge. Debljina površinskog sloja se mijenja od 0,4 do 4,0 m, dok je debljina pokrovnih stijena ispitivanog područja između 0,40 i 18,0 m. Rezultati pokazuju da ovo područje može podnijeti opterećenje od niskih do gigantskih građevinskih konstrukcija.A resistivity survey has been carried out in order to determine the subsurface stratigraphic mapping of Federal College of Education (Technical), Gusau, Zamfara State. Twenty - four Vertical Electrical Soundings (VES) have been conducted with maximum current electrode separations of 200 m. Schlumberger array has been used. WinGlink software has been used in interpreting the results. Two and three subsurface layers exist in the study area. The first layer has resistivity values ranging from 1 to 522 Wm and thickness 0.40 to 2.29 m, the topsoil is predominantly clay. The second geoelectric layer has resistivity values that varies from 5.0 to 4 000 Wm with thickness 0.37 to 17 m, lithology of the second layer varies from sandy clay to weathered/fractured sandstone while the third layer resistivity ranges from 50.0 to 9 900 Wm, the rock type in this layer vary from weathered/fractured basement to fresh basement. The topsoil thickness ranges from 0.40 to 4.0 m while the overburden thickness of the surveyed area ranges from 0.40 to 18.0 m. The results show that the area can support low to giant engineering structure

Froissart boundary for deep inelastic structure functions

In this letter we derive the Froissart boundary in QCD for the deep inelastic structure function in low $x$ kinematic region. We show that the comparison of the Froissart boundary with the new HERA experimental data gives rise to a challenge for QCD to explain the matching between the deep inelastic scattering and real photoproduction process.Comment: 10 pages,7 figure

Supporting international networks through platforms for standardised data collection-the European Registries for Rare Endocrine Conditions (EuRRECa) model

Rare endocrine pathology is manifested by either a deficiency or excess of one or more hormones. These conditions can be life-threatening and are almost universally associated with long-term morbidity. Understanding the aetiology of these conditions requires multicentre collaboration and expertise, most often across national boundaries, with the capacity for long-term follow-up. The EuRRECa (European Registries for Rare Endocrine Conditions) project (), funded by the EU Health Programme, aims to support the needs of the wider endocrine community by maximising the opportunity for collaboration between patients, health care professionals and researchers across Europe and beyond. At the heart of the EuRRECa collaboration is a Core Endocrine Registry that collects a core dataset for all rare endocrine conditions that are covered within Endo-ERN. The registry incorporates patient reported markers of clinical outcome and will signpost participants to high-quality, disease-specific registries. Furthermore, an electronic surveillance programme (e-REC) captures clinical activity and epidemiology for these rare conditions. EuRRECa receives guidance compliant with the highest ethical standards from Expert Working Groups that align with the Main Thematic Groups of Endo-ERN. Security, data quality and data governance are cornerstones of this platform. Clear policies that are acceptable to patients, researchers and industry for data governance coupled with widespread dissemination and knowledge exchange through closely affiliated stakeholders will ensure sustainability beyond the current lifetime of the project. This paper describes the infrastructure that has been developed, stakeholder involvement, the data fields that are captured within the registry and details on the process for using the platform.Diabetes mellitus: pathophysiological changes and therap