Contribución del anillamiento al conocimiento y conservación de las aves en España: pasado, presente y futuro

El anillamiento científico de aves es una técnica de estudio con más de un siglo de historia que, probablemente, ha contribuido como ninguna otra metodología al conocimiento de la biología de este grupo faunístico. A pesar del desarrollo de nuevas tecnologías, el marcaje individual de aves mediante anillamiento sigue siendo una técnica plenamente vigente y necesaria. Aunque la evidencia científica sobre los beneficios de la aplicación del anillamiento en la Ornitología moderna es abrumadora, hoy vivimos un proceso de creciente desinformación que cuestiona el anillamiento de aves y su utilidad. Este dosier se ha elaborado con el fin de ofrecer una visión actualizada de la utilidad del anillamiento científico de aves en España. Ha sido elaborado por un nutrido grupo de expertos asociados a universidades y centros de investigación que abarcan buena parte de las áreas del conocimiento implicadas en el estudio y conservación de las aves. El dosier se divide en cuatro grandes apartados. (1) En primer lugar se hace una introducción sobre el anillamiento como metodología y se resumen las grandes cifras del anillamiento en España donde, hasta la fecha, se han anillado algo más de 10.000.000 de aves y se han registrado 700.000 recuperaciones (en la actualidad se anillan unas 380.000 aves y se obtienen unas 30.000 recuperaciones anualmente). (2) En un segundo bloque se resume la aplicación del anillamiento en diferentes aproximaciones al estudio científico de las aves, que van apoyadas por numerosas referencias bibliográficas sobre trabajos llevados a cabo en España. Gracias al anillamiento se han podido abordar múltiples estudios sobre movimientos y migraciones, reproducción, demografía, enfermedades, morfología, muda e identificación y taxonomía. (3) Un tercer bloque se centra en la utilidad del anillamiento más allá de la investigación básica. Es el caso de la conservación, la gestión de especies cinegéticas y el estudio de los impactos del cambio global sobre las aves, por un lado, y la educación ambiental, formación y ciencia ciudadana, por otro. (4) Finalmente, se abordan algunas ideas sobre los retos actuales y perspectivas de futuro del anillamiento en España

La renovación de la palabra en el bicentenario de la Argentina : los colores de la mirada lingüística

El libro reúne trabajos en los que se exponen resultados de investigaciones presentadas por investigadores de Argentina, Chile, Brasil, España, Italia y Alemania en el XII Congreso de la Sociedad Argentina de Lingüística (SAL), Bicentenario: la renovación de la palabra, realizado en Mendoza, Argentina, entre el 6 y el 9 de abril de 2010. Las temáticas abordadas en los 167 capítulos muestran las grandes líneas de investigación que se desarrollan fundamentalmente en nuestro país, pero también en los otros países mencionados arriba, y señalan además las áreas que recién se inician, con poca tradición en nuestro país y que deberían fomentarse. Los trabajos aquí publicados se enmarcan dentro de las siguientes disciplinas y/o campos de investigación: Fonología, Sintaxis, Semántica y Pragmática, Lingüística Cognitiva, Análisis del Discurso, Psicolingüística, Adquisición de la Lengua, Sociolingüística y Dialectología, Didáctica de la lengua, Lingüística Aplicada, Lingüística Computacional, Historia de la Lengua y la Lingüística, Lenguas Aborígenes, Filosofía del Lenguaje, Lexicología y Terminología

Prevalence, associated factors and outcomes of pressure injuries in adult intensive care unit patients: the DecubICUs study

Funder: European Society of Intensive Care Medicine; doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100013347Funder: Flemish Society for Critical Care NursesAbstract: Purpose: Intensive care unit (ICU) patients are particularly susceptible to developing pressure injuries. Epidemiologic data is however unavailable. We aimed to provide an international picture of the extent of pressure injuries and factors associated with ICU-acquired pressure injuries in adult ICU patients. Methods: International 1-day point-prevalence study; follow-up for outcome assessment until hospital discharge (maximum 12 weeks). Factors associated with ICU-acquired pressure injury and hospital mortality were assessed by generalised linear mixed-effects regression analysis. Results: Data from 13,254 patients in 1117 ICUs (90 countries) revealed 6747 pressure injuries; 3997 (59.2%) were ICU-acquired. Overall prevalence was 26.6% (95% confidence interval [CI] 25.9–27.3). ICU-acquired prevalence was 16.2% (95% CI 15.6–16.8). Sacrum (37%) and heels (19.5%) were most affected. Factors independently associated with ICU-acquired pressure injuries were older age, male sex, being underweight, emergency surgery, higher Simplified Acute Physiology Score II, Braden score 3 days, comorbidities (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, immunodeficiency), organ support (renal replacement, mechanical ventilation on ICU admission), and being in a low or lower-middle income-economy. Gradually increasing associations with mortality were identified for increasing severity of pressure injury: stage I (odds ratio [OR] 1.5; 95% CI 1.2–1.8), stage II (OR 1.6; 95% CI 1.4–1.9), and stage III or worse (OR 2.8; 95% CI 2.3–3.3). Conclusion: Pressure injuries are common in adult ICU patients. ICU-acquired pressure injuries are associated with mainly intrinsic factors and mortality. Optimal care standards, increased awareness, appropriate resource allocation, and further research into optimal prevention are pivotal to tackle this important patient safety threat

Prevalence, associated factors and outcomes of pressure injuries in adult intensive care unit patients: the DecubICUs study

Funder: European Society of Intensive Care Medicine; doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100013347Funder: Flemish Society for Critical Care NursesAbstract: Purpose: Intensive care unit (ICU) patients are particularly susceptible to developing pressure injuries. Epidemiologic data is however unavailable. We aimed to provide an international picture of the extent of pressure injuries and factors associated with ICU-acquired pressure injuries in adult ICU patients. Methods: International 1-day point-prevalence study; follow-up for outcome assessment until hospital discharge (maximum 12 weeks). Factors associated with ICU-acquired pressure injury and hospital mortality were assessed by generalised linear mixed-effects regression analysis. Results: Data from 13,254 patients in 1117 ICUs (90 countries) revealed 6747 pressure injuries; 3997 (59.2%) were ICU-acquired. Overall prevalence was 26.6% (95% confidence interval [CI] 25.9–27.3). ICU-acquired prevalence was 16.2% (95% CI 15.6–16.8). Sacrum (37%) and heels (19.5%) were most affected. Factors independently associated with ICU-acquired pressure injuries were older age, male sex, being underweight, emergency surgery, higher Simplified Acute Physiology Score II, Braden score 3 days, comorbidities (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, immunodeficiency), organ support (renal replacement, mechanical ventilation on ICU admission), and being in a low or lower-middle income-economy. Gradually increasing associations with mortality were identified for increasing severity of pressure injury: stage I (odds ratio [OR] 1.5; 95% CI 1.2–1.8), stage II (OR 1.6; 95% CI 1.4–1.9), and stage III or worse (OR 2.8; 95% CI 2.3–3.3). Conclusion: Pressure injuries are common in adult ICU patients. ICU-acquired pressure injuries are associated with mainly intrinsic factors and mortality. Optimal care standards, increased awareness, appropriate resource allocation, and further research into optimal prevention are pivotal to tackle this important patient safety threat

Correction to: Prevalence, associated factors and outcomes of pressure injuries in adult intensive care unit patients: the DecubICUs study

The original version of this article unfortunately contained a mistake

Skate & Destroy, conflicto y posible conciliación entre skate y ciudad

La cultura del “skate” es prácticamente desconocida para los que no han patinado jamás, pero en realidad se trata de un colectivo bastante extenso que utiliza las mismas ciudades que el resto, y lo hace de forma radicalmente opuesta. Mientras los peatones emplean cada elemento urbano como se supone que debe ser usado, aquellos que patinan parecen ignorar todo convenio social que exista y mientras, buscan convertir la ciudad en su propio “skatepark”. Los “spots” son aquellos lugares que los “skaters” han considerado mejores para patinar fuera de las pistas. Así que en este trabajo se intentará analizar qué factores predisponen a ciertas ubicaciones para convertirse en un “spot”, la relación entre los peatones y los “skaters” en dichas ubicaciones, intentar entender por qué sucede este fenómeno e investigar si podría darse una conciliación entre el tráfico peatonal y el normal funcionamiento de la ciudad con la integración de una disciplina que hoy por hoy ocupa casi exclusivamente espacios abandonados ,zonas en desuso y elementos urbanos que no han conseguido cumplir con la función con la que habían sido proyectados. The “skate” culture is mostly unknown for those who have never skated, but it’s actually a quite large collective which uses the same cities the rest does, and it does it the opposite way. While the pedestrians use each urban element as it’s supossed to be used, those who skate aparently ignore every social agreement that exists, and mindwhile, they seek to make the city into their own skatepark. The “spots” are those places the skaters have considered to be the best ones for skateboarding outside the skateparks. So this research will try to analyze the factors that prejudice those locations to turn into a “spot”, the relatioship between the pedestrians route and the skaters on those locations, try to figure out why does this situatio happen and investigate if there could be a conciliation between the pedestrians route and the cities normal running while including a discipline that now at day does nearly only take up abandoned places, disused areas and and urban elements that have failed to fulfil the purpose they were designed for

Can Barba DIY : investigación sobre el deterioro material y la aceptación de las actividades preexistentes en Can Barba a través del derribo y su reutilización

Can Barba DIY es planteja com un repte disruptiu, atenent les seves qualitats estructurals i arquitectòniques, i els usos dels que està essent objecte. L'objectiu principal consisteix a condicionar aquest espai per tractar d'“acceptar” les activitats que hi conviuen i que han estat introduïdes per part de grups de joves, principalment. Aquesta habilitació es duu a terme seguint unes estratègies arquitectòniques mínimes que permetin el seu correcte funcionament, independentment dels usos que s'hi esdevinguin. Es tracta d'un projecte flexible, obert al canvi i amb la virtut que els espais, segons l'hora del dia que sigui, seran utilitzats per persones amb perfils molt dispars. A més, es busca la sostenibilitat, atesa una intervenció de mínims i cost zero, on el procés constructiu no s'enfoca a afegir, sinó a rehabilitar i eliminar estructures supèrflues. Es busca també la sostenibilitat energètica mitjançant l'ús d'energies renovables. Des del punt de vista social, no només pretenem que el projecte ofereixi un espai final als usuaris de Can Barba, sinó involucrar-los en el projecte durant el seu procés, permetent la seva col·laboració i participació - sempre amb les mesures de seguretat i supervisió adequades – atorgant-los i potenciant el sentit de pertinença, que redundarà també en una cura en l'ús de la infraestructura.Can Barba DIY se plantea como un reto disruptivo, atendiendo a sus cualidades estructurales y arquitectónicas, y los usos de los que está siendo objeto. El objetivo principal consiste en acondicionar este espacio para tratar de “aceptar” las actividades que en él conviven y que han sido introducidas por parte de grupos de jóvenes principalmente. Esta habilitación se lleva a cabo siguiendo unas estrategias arquitectónicas mínimas que permitan su correcto funcionamiento, independientemente de los usos que acontezcan. Se trata de un proyecto flexible, abierto al cambio y con la virtud de que los espacios, según la hora del día que sea, serán utilizados por personas con perfiles muy dispares. Además, se busca la sostenibilidad, atendiendo a una intervención de mínimos y coste cero, donde el proceso constructivo no se enfoca a añadir, sino a rehabilitar y eliminar estructuras superfluas. Se busca también la sostenibilidad energética mediante el uso de energías renovables. Desde el punto de vista social, no solo pretendemos que el proyecto ofrezca un espacio final a los usuarios de Can Barba, sino involucrarlos en el proyecto durante su proceso, permitiendo su colaboración y participación - siempre con las medidas de seguridad y supervisión adecuadas – otorgándoles y potenciando el sentido de pertenencia, que redundará también en un cuidado en el uso de la infraestructura.Can Barba DIY is conceived as a disruptive replica, taking into account its structural and architectural qualities, and the uses we are talking about. The main objective is to condition this space in order to try to "accept" the activities that are suitable for it and that have been introduced mainly by groups of young people. This conditioning is carried out following minimum architectural strategies that allow it to function correctly, regardless of the uses to which it is put. It is a flexible project, open to the public and with the virtue that the spaces, depending on the time of day, can be used by people with very different profiles. In addition, sustainability is sought, an intervention of minimum and zero cost is sought, in the constructive process it is not focused on building, but on rehabilitating and eliminating superfluous structures. Energy sustainability is also thoughtt through the use of renewable energies. From a social point of view, we not only intend the project to offer a final space to the users of Can Barba, but to involve them in the project during its process, allowing their collaboration and participation -always with the appropriate security measures and supervision- encouraging them and strengthening the feeling of relevance, which will also result in a cure in the use of the infrastructure

Chemical and Protein Characterization of Two Varieties of Chickpea (Cicer Arietinum): Costa 2004 and El Patrón

The objective of this study was to evaluate the chemical composition of two chickpea varieties, ‘Costa 2004’ and ‘El Patrón’, and to characterize their proteins to determine their technological potential for the food industry. For this purpose, chickpea samples of both varieties from the 2019 harvest region of Guanajuato, Mexico, were obtained and chemically characterized to determine the protein fractions using electrophoretic and amino acid profiling. The chickpea variety ‘Costa 2004’ contained 3% less protein and 7% less dietary fiber content than the variety ‘El Patrón’; whereas, the carbohydrate content of ‘Costa 2004’ was 4% greater. Additionally, the chickpeas demonstrated an antioxidant capacity ranging from 319 to 387 µMET/g and total phenol levels exceeding 500 mg/g. Among the protein fractions, globulins represented the highest proportion in both varieties of chickpea, at approximately 8.73 g/100 g (‘Costa 2004’) and 10.42 g/100 g (‘El Patrón’), followed by albumin, at approximately 1.24 g/100 g and 1.47 g/100 g, respectively. The chickpea proteins ranged in molecular weight between 100 and 25 kDa, with particularly strong signals in the albumin and globulin bands. Regarding the amino acid profile, histidine was predominant in both varieties. In conclusion, both varieties of chickpea have high nutritional value and broad potential for technological use in the food industry

Dairy product consumption and metabolic diseases in the [email protected] study

To date it is not clear what the role of dairy products is in metabolic diseases like diabetes, obesity, and hypertension. Therefore, the aim of this study is to test the association between dairy product consumption and those pathologies. A cross-sectional study was conducted with 5081 adults included in the [email protected] study, from 100 health centers around Spain. Food frequency questionnaires were carried out concerning consumption habits, which included dairy product consumption. Logistic regression models were used for the association analyses between the variables controlling confounding variables. Women had a higher consumption of milk, cheese, or yogurt than men (p < 0.0001), but men consumed more sugar dairy products (p < 0.001). People who live in the North of Spain consume more dairy products than those who live in the East. Dairy product consumption was inversely associated with the presence of hypertension regardless of age, sex, geographical region, and body mass index (BMI) (Odds Ratio (OR) 0.743; p = 0.022). The presence of obesity was inversely associated with dairy consumption regardless of age, sex, and geographical region (OR 0.61; p < 0.001). Milk consumption was not associated with diabetes. Our results show that consuming dairy products is associated with a better metabolic profile in the Spanish population

Dairy Product Consumption and Metabolic Diseases in the [email protected] Study

To date it is not clear what the role of dairy products is in metabolic diseases like diabetes, obesity, and hypertension. Therefore, the aim of this study is to test the association between dairy product consumption and those pathologies. A cross-sectional study was conducted with 5081 adults included in the [email protected] study, from 100 health centers around Spain. Food frequency questionnaires were carried out concerning consumption habits, which included dairy product consumption. Logistic regression models were used for the association analyses between the variables controlling confounding variables. Women had a higher consumption of milk, cheese, or yogurt than men (p < 0.0001), but men consumed more sugar dairy products (p < 0.001). People who live in the North of Spain consume more dairy products than those who live in the East. Dairy product consumption was inversely associated with the presence of hypertension regardless of age, sex, geographical region, and body mass index (BMI) (Odds Ratio (OR) 0.743; p = 0.022). The presence of obesity was inversely associated with dairy consumption regardless of age, sex, and geographical region (OR 0.61; p < 0.001). Milk consumption was not associated with diabetes. Our results show that consuming dairy products is associated with a better metabolic profile in the Spanish population