Estudio-diagnóstico de fachadas de edificios catalogados de Alicante mediante termografía

La termografía y el estudio de edificaciones de gran antigüedad y que forman parte de la tradición constructiva de Alicante han sido dos de los objetivos principales en la redacción del presente Trabajo de Fin de Grado. Cabe destacar la oportunidad de proponer una rehabilitación energética acorde a los resultados obtenidos en los termogramas que eviten el consumo masivo de energía y que permiten aplicar los conocimientos que se han ido adquiriendo a lo largo de los años durante el estudio del Grado en Arquitectura Técnica

CoDesigning Participatory Tools for a New Age: A Proposal for Combining Collective and Artificial Intelligences

In the context of a citizen lab, this article describes how a vanguard of activists, designers, scholars and participation practitioners were involved in a participatory prototyping process. CoGovern was designed as an online participation tool whose focus is to incorporate citizen preferences in local policy making. It is aimed at supporting informed and transparent participatory processes while reducing the ability of sponsoring authorities to 'cherry-pick' policy proposals and avoid providing explanations. This article proposes a decision-making process that incorporates artificial intelligence techniques into a collective decision process and whose result is mainly based on standard optimization techniques rather than vote-counting

Biología reproductiva del pez vela Istiophorus platypterus en la Bahía de Acapulco, México: Reproductive biology of sailfish

Background. The sailfish Istiophorus platypterus is a viviparous billfish species, it is caught by trolling in the sports fishery in Mexico. However, to date, there has been no reproductive biology studies of sailfish in Acapulco Bay, although the reproductive aspects of any species represent essential information for the design of management plans. Goals. Estimate the spawning frequency and batch fecundity to quantify reproductive characteristics of sailfish in waters off Acapulco, Bay. Methods. During the period 2008–2019, a total of 581 fish were sampled. Macroscopy analysis and quantitative histology was used to describe reproductive characteristics of the sailfish gonads. Results. 55.8% of the organisms analyzed were males, the remaining 44.2% were females, the sex ratio (1.26 M: 1 H) was different from the expected theoretical ratio (X2 = 7.53). The ovaries of 155 females were classified into five ovarian development phases based on histological analysis of the most advanced group of oocytes. Sailfish are multiple spawners with asynchronous oocyte development. Batch fecundity for 14 females with the presence of hydrated oocytes but without postovulatory follicles ranged 0.330 to 2.092 × 106 eggs with an average of 1.07 × 106 eggs. Gonadosomatic indices (GSI) indicated that sailfish have a reproductive period with peaks in August and October (mean monthly GSI= 4.3% and 5.4%). Conclusions. Population sailfish in Acapulco Bay is composed of males and females in similar proportions, with a gonadal development by groups that can be described in five development phases, a reproductive maximum during the warm months of the year and a relatively high fecundity.Antecedentes. El pez vela Istiophorus platypterus (Shaw, 1792) es una especie vivípara (Isthiophoridae) objeto de la flota deportiva de pesca en México. Aún y cuando los aspectos reproductivos de cualquier especie representan información esencial para el diseño de planes de manejo, a la fecha no se ha realizado un examen macroscópico e histológico de las características reproductivas del pez vela en la Bahía de Acapulco, Guerrero, México. Objetivo. Estimar la frecuencia de desove y la fecundidad, con la finalidad de cuantificar las características reproductivas del pez vela en aguas de la Bahía de Acapulco. Métodos. Durante el período 2008-2009, se muestrearon un total de 581 peces. Se utilizó análisis macroscópico e histología cuantitativa para describir las características reproductivas de las gónadas del pez vela. Resultados. El 55.8 % de los organismos analizados fueron machos, el 44.2 % restante fueron hembras, la proporción de sexos (1.26 M:1H) fue diferente de la proporción teórica esperada (X2 = 7.53). El análisis histológico de las gónadas de las hembras permitió identificar cinco fases de desarrollo ovárico. El desarrollo gonádico fue sincrónico por grupos, por tanto, la especie puede ser calificada como un desovador parcial múltiple. La fecundidad estimada varió entre los 0.330-2.092 × 106 ovocitos, con un promedio de 1.07 × 106 ovocitos. El índice gonadosomático (IGS) indicó que el pez vela tiene un período de reproducción con picos en agosto y octubre (IGS mensual promedio = 4.3 % y 5.4 %, respectivamente). Conclusiones. La población de pez vela en la Bahía de Acapulco está compuesta de machos y hembras en proporciones similares, con un desarrollo gonádico por grupos que puede ser descrito en cinco fases de desarrollo, un máximo reproductivo durante los meses cálidos del año y una fecundidad relativamente alta

La convivencia en los centros educativos de educación básica en Iberoamérica

La presente aportación recoge la visión de 46 especialistas de quince países iberoamericanos sobre las formas de entender y promover la convivencia escolar en los centros educativos de los distintos países. Sus aportaciones son un conjunto de descripciones, experiencias y valoraciones significativas y en relación al contexto considerado. Las aportaciones no buscan tanto radiografiar la temática a nivel teórico como presentar lo más significativo de cada realidad y las propuestas que, al respecto, se realizan. La orientación es claramente organizativa, si consideramos que una parte común de todas las aportaciones tiene que ver con las políticas de convivencia escolar, programas aplicados, aspectos organizativos a nivel de institución, experiencias significativas y retos para la mejora. Se cubre así y de nuevo un propósito fundamental de la Red AGE, como es el de fomentar el intercambio de experiencias, la promoción del conocimiento sobre administración y gestión educativa y la reflexión sobre la práctica de la gestión. La finalidad última es la de mejorar el funcionamiento de los centros educativos (y, a través de ellos, de los sistemas educativos), procurando sean de calidad y un instrumento para el cambio profesional y social

Evaluation of factors leading to poor outcomes for pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia in Mexico: a multi-institutional report of 2,116 patients

Background and aimsPediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) survival rates in low- and middle-income countries are lower due to deficiencies in multilevel factors, including access to timely diagnosis, risk-stratified therapy, and comprehensive supportive care. This retrospective study aimed to analyze outcomes for pediatric ALL at 16 centers in Mexico.MethodsPatients <18 years of age with newly diagnosed B- and T-cell ALL treated between January 2011 and December 2019 were included. Clinical and biological characteristics and their association with outcomes were examined.ResultsOverall, 2,116 patients with a median age of 6.3 years were included. B-cell immunophenotype was identified in 1,889 (89.3%) patients. The median white blood cells at diagnosis were 11.2.5 × 103/mm3. CNS-1 status was reported in 1,810 (85.5%), CNS-2 in 67 (3.2%), and CNS-3 in 61 (2.9%). A total of 1,488 patients (70.4%) were classified as high-risk at diagnosis. However, in 52.5% (991/1,889) of patients with B-cell ALL, the reported risk group did not match the calculated risk group allocation based on National Cancer Institute (NCI) criteria. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and PCR tests were performed for 407 (19.2%) and 736 (34.8%) patients, respectively. Minimal residual disease (MRD) during induction was performed in 1,158 patients (54.7%). The median follow-up was 3.7 years. During induction, 191 patients died (9.1%), and 45 patients (2.1%) experienced induction failure. A total of 365 deaths (17.3%) occurred, including 174 deaths after remission. Six percent (176) of patients abandoned treatment. The 5-year event-free survival (EFS) was 58.9% ± 1.7% for B-cell ALL and 47.4% ± 5.9% for T-cell ALL, while the 5-year overall survival (OS) was 67.5% ± 1.6% for B-cell ALL and 54.3% ± 0.6% for T-cell ALL. The 5-year cumulative incidence of central nervous system (CNS) relapse was 5.5% ± 0.6%. For the whole cohort, significantly higher outcomes were seen for patients aged 1–10 years, with DNA index >0.9, with hyperdiploid ALL, and without substantial treatment modifications. In multivariable analyses, age and Day 15 MRD continued to have a significant effect on EFS.ConclusionOutcomes in this multi-institutional cohort describe poor outcomes, influenced by incomplete and inconsistent risk stratification, early toxic death, high on-treatment mortality, and high CNS relapse rate. Adopting comprehensive risk-stratification strategies, evidence-informed de-intensification for favorable-risk patients and optimized supportive care could improve outcomes

Estudio-diagnóstico de fachadas de edificios catalogados de Alicante mediante termografía

La termografía y el estudio de edificaciones de gran antigüedad y que forman parte de la tradición constructiva de Alicante han sido dos de los objetivos principales en la redacción del presente Trabajo de Fin de Grado. Cabe destacar la oportunidad de proponer una rehabilitación energética acorde a los resultados obtenidos en los termogramas que eviten el consumo masivo de energía y que permiten aplicar los conocimientos que se han ido adquiriendo a lo largo de los años durante el estudio del Grado en Arquitectura Técnica

Co-Designing participatory tools for a New Age: A proposal for combining collective and artificial intelligences

In the context of a citizen lab, this article describes how a vanguard of activists, designers, scholars and participation practitioners were involved in a participatory prototyping process. CoGovern was designed as an online participation tool whose focus is to incorporate citizen preferences in local policy making. It is aimed at supporting informed and transparent participatory processes while reducing the ability of sponsoring authorities to “cherry-pick” policy proposals and avoid providing explanations. This article proposes a decision-making process that incorporates artificial intelligence techniques into a collective decision process and whose result is mainly based on standard optimization techniques rather than vote-counting.Peer reviewe

Association between Vitamin D Deficiency and Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms in the Vitamin D Receptor and GC Genes and Analysis of Their Distribution in Mexican Postmenopausal Women

Genome-wide association studies in people with European ancestry suggest that polymorphisms in genes involved in vitamin D (VD) metabolism have an effect on serum concentrations of 25-hydroxyvitamin D. However, nothing is known about these polymorphisms in populations with Amerindian ancestry. Our aim was to evaluate the association between genetic variants on the vitamin D receptor (VDR) and the vitamin D binding protein (GC) genes, involved in the VD pathway, and VD deficiency in 689 unrelated Mexican postmenopausal women. We also described the frequencies of these variants in 355 postmenopausal women from different ethnic groups. Based on our preliminary results of 400 unrelated Mexican postmenopausal women, three single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were selected for genotyping. The SNPs rs4516035 in VDR and rs2282679 in GC were associated with VD deficiency. Additionally, women who carried three risk alleles had a 3.67 times higher risk of suffering VD deficiency, compared to women with no risk alleles (p = 0.002). The rs4516035-C allele frequency in the Amerindian population was enriched in the South East region of Mexico. In contrast, the highest frequency of the rs2298850-C allele, a proxy for the tag SNP rs2282679, was observed in the South region. Our results indicate that genetic variants in VDR and GC genes are associated with VD deficiency in Mexican postmenopausal women. Moreover, an association was observed for the variants rs3794060 and rs4944957 of the DHCR7/NADSYN1 gene with osteopenia/osteoporosis