Geochemistry, zircon U‒Pb and Hf isotopic compositions of lower crustal rocks from the Góry Sowie Massif (Central Sudetes, SW Poland): New insights on the sedimentary origin and tectono-thermal evolution

Devonian HP-UHP lithotectonic associations represent a pivotal element of Paleozoic evolution of the European Variscan belt across the continent from Portugal to Poland. The Góry Sowie Massif (GSM), located in the Central Sudetes, represents one of the best preserved outcrops of lower crustal rocks that experienced a protracted Devonian tectono-metamorphic history at the easternmost extremity of the belt. The area is surrounded by Devonian ophiolite remnants and Devonian to Carboniferous sedimentary basins in the northern and southern part, respectively. The GSM is mainly composed of paragneisses and subordinate orthogneisses, metabasites and granulite. The dominantly sedimentary association and the overall geotectonic setting contrast with the other km-scale granulite complexes in the Bohemian Massif that are dominated by felsic granulites and late Cambrian orthogneisses that experienced 340 Ma HP metamorphism. Weak Carboniferous overprint makes the GSM a key locality to better understand the Devonian stages of formation of HP granulites and provenance of the whole pre-Devonian lithological association. New U-Pb and Lu/Hf analyses were carried out on zircons from 4 migmatitic paragneisses, 3 felsic biotite-poor granulites and 2 biotite-rich granulites in the northern part of the GSM, and combined with geochemical analyses in order to constrain a source provenance and tectono-thermal history of the area. The paragneisses dominated by stromatic migmatite and felsic granulites occur as hundred meter-scale bodies associated with metric lenses of amphibolites, mafic and ultramafic rocks in the northern part of the massif

Throughput-based quality adaptation for DASH in 5G mobile networks

Video streaming in mobile networks is currently the most widely used service and its usage is expected to grow exponentially in the next years. Due to the changing conditions of the radio interface, techniques likes Dynamic Adaptive Streaming over HTTP (DASH) allows the user equipment to request the video coding rate that better matches the instantaneous network capacity. There are three types of algorithms to select the appropriate video coding rate based on different types of quality of service metrics: throughput-based, buffer-based and hybrid. In this paper we present three different versions of a throughput-based algorithm, comparing their performance in terms of mean and mode of the video quality index as well as the number of overlapping video chunks. We focus on the end-user quality of experience to evaluate which is the implementation that optimizes the performance.Universidad de Málaga, Plan Nacional I+D (Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad) bajo el proyecto TEC2016-80090-C2-1-R. Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech

SESAR Joint Undertaking report 2010

Abstract Salmonellosis is a gastrointestinal disease caused by non-typhoidal Salmonella serovars such as Salmonella Typhimurium. This pathology is a zoonosis, and food animals with subclinical infection constitute a vast reservoir for disease. After intestinal colonization, Salmonella Typhimurium reaches mesenteric lymph nodes (MLN), where infection is controlled avoiding systemic spread. Although the molecular basis of this infection has been extensively studied, little is known about how microRNA (miRNA) regulate the expression of proteins involved in the Salmonella-host interaction. Using small RNA-seq, we examined expression profiles of MLN 2 days after infection with Salmonella Typhimurium, and we found 110 dysregulated miRNA. Among them, we found upregulated miR-21, miR-155, miR-150, and miR-221, as well as downregulated miR-143 and miR-125, all of them previously linked to other bacterial infections. Integration with proteomic data revealed 30 miRNA potentially regulating the expression of 15 proteins involved in biological functions such as cell death and survival, inflammatory response and antigenic presentation. The inflammatory response was found increased via upregulation of miRNA such as miR-21 and miR-155. Downregulation of miR-125a/b, miR-148 and miR-1 were identified as potential regulators of MHC-class I components PSMB8, HSP90B1 and PDIA3, respectively. Furthermore, we confirmed that miR-125a is a direct target of immunoproteasome component PSMB8. Since we also found miR-130 downregulation, which is associated with upregulation of HSPA8, we suggest induction of both MHC-I and MHC-II antigen presentation pathways. In conclusion, our study identifies miRNA that could regulate critical networks for antigenic presentation, inflammatory response and cytoskeletal rearrangements

Quantitative proteomics and bioinformatic analysis provide new insight into the dynamic response of porcine intestine to Salmonella Typhimurium

The enteropathogen Salmonella Typhimurium (S. Typhimurium) is the most commonly non-typhoideal serotype isolated in pig worldwide. Currently, one of the main sources of human infection is by consumption of pork meat. Therefore, prevention and control of salmonellosis in pigs is crucial for minimizing risks to public health. The aim of the present study was to use isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantification (iTRAQ) to explore differences in the response to Salmonella in two segment of the porcine gut (ileum and colon) along a time course of 1, 2, and 6 days post infection (dpi) with S. Typhimurium. A total of 298 proteins were identified in the infected ileum samples of which, 112 displayed significant expression differences due to Salmonella infection. In colon, 184 proteins were detected in the infected samples of which 46 resulted differentially expressed with respect to the controls. The higher number of changes in protein expression was quantified in ileum at 2 dpi. Further biological interpretation of proteomics data using bioinformatics tools demonstrated that the expression changes in colon were found in proteins involved in cell death and survival, tissue morphology or molecular transport at the early stages and tissue regeneration at 6 dpi. In ileum, however, changes in protein expression were mainly related to immunological and infection diseases, inflammatory response or connective tissue disorders at 1 and 2 dpi. iTRAQ has proved to be a proteomic robust approach allowing us to identify ileum as the earliest response focus upon S. Typhimurium in the porcine gut. In addition, new functions involved in the response to bacteria such as eIF2 signaling, free radical scavengers or antimicrobial peptides (AMP) expression have been identified. Finally, the impairment at of the enterohepatic circulation of bile acids and lipid metabolism by means the under regulation of FABP6 protein and FXR/RXR and LXR/RXR signaling pathway in ileum has been established for the first time in pigs. Taken together, our results provide a better understanding of the porcine response to Salmonella infection and the molecular mechanisms underlying Salmonella-host interactions.This research was supported by the National R&D Program of the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation (AGL2011-28904 and AGL2014-54089-R).Peer reviewedPeer Reviewe

Regulatory role of microRNA in mesenteric lymph nodes after Salmonella Typhimurium infection

© The Author(s) 2018. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/ publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.[EN] Salmonellosis is a gastrointestinal disease caused by non-typhoidal Salmonella serovars such as Salmonella Typhimurium. This pathology is a zoonosis, and food animals with subclinical infection constitute a vast reservoir for disease. After intestinal colonization, Salmonella Typhimurium reaches mesenteric lymph nodes (MLN), where infection is controlled avoiding systemic spread. Although the molecular basis of this infection has been extensively studied, little is known about how microRNA (miRNA) regulate the expression of proteins involved in the Salmonella-host interaction. Using small RNA-seq, we examined expression profiles of MLN 2 days after infection with Salmonella Typhimurium, and we found 110 dysregulated miRNA. Among them, we found upregulated miR-21, miR-155, miR-150, and miR-221, as well as downregulated miR-143 and miR-125, all of them previously linked to other bacterial infections. Integration with proteomic data revealed 30 miRNA potentially regulating the expression of 15 proteins involved in biological functions such as cell death and survival, inflammatory response and antigenic presentation. The inflammatory response was found increased via upregulation of miRNA such as miR-21 and miR-155. Downregulation of miR-125a/b, miR-148 and miR-1 were identified as potential regulators of MHC-class I components PSMB8, HSP90B1 and PDIA3, respectively. Furthermore, we confirmed that miR-125a is a direct target of immunoproteasome component PSMB8. Since we also found miR-130 downregulation, which is associated with upregulation of HSPA8, we suggest induction of both MHC-I and MHC-II antigen presentation pathways. In conclusion, our study identifies miRNA that could regulate critical networks for antigenic presentation, inflammatory response and cytoskeletal rearrangements.SIThis work was supported by the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (AGL2011-28904 and AGL2014-54089). JHU is a predoctoral researcher supported by the FPI Research Program of the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (BES-2012-058642). SZL is a postdoctoral researcher supported by the Postdoctoral Trainee Program of the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (FPDI-2013-15619), and a postdoctoral contract co-funded by the XXI University of Cordoba Intramural research Program and the European Regional Development Funds (FEDER).We thank Reyes Alvarez for their technical assistance, and the Functional Genomics Core of the Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB) Barcelona for performing the library preparation and small RNA sequencin

Acidification and solar drying of manure-based digestate to produce improved fertilizing products

The increase in energy and fertilizer consumption makes it necessary to develop sustainable alternatives for agriculture. Anaerobic digestion and digestates appeared to be suitable options. However, untreated digestates still have high water content and can increase greenhouse gas emissions during storage and land application. In this study, manure-derived digestate and solid fraction of digestate after separation were treated with a novel solar drying technology to reduce their water content, combined with acidification to reduce the gaseous emissions. The acidified digestate and acidified solid fraction of digestate recovered more nitrogen and ammonia nitrogen than their respective non-acidified products (1.5–1.3 times for TN; 14 times for TAN). Ammonia and methane emissions were reduced up to 94% and 72% respectively, compared to the non-acidified ones, while N2O increased more than 3 times. Dried digestate and dried acidified digestate can be labeled as NPK organic fertilizer regarding the European regulation, and the dried solid fraction and the improved dried acidified solid fraction can be labeled as N or P organic fertilizer. Moreover, plant tests showed that N concentrations in fresh lettuce leaves were within the EU limit with all products in all the cases. However, zinc concentration appeared to be a limitation in some of the products as their concentration exceeded the European legal limitsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Comparative Proteomics Reveals Differences in Host-Pathogen Interaction between Infectious and Commensal Relationship with Campylobacter jejuni

Copyright © 2017 Ayllón, Jiménez-Marín, Argüello, Zaldívar-López, Villar, Aguilar, Moreno, De La Fuente and Garrido. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.[EN] Campylobacter jejuni is the leading food-borne poisoning in industrialized countries. While the bacteria causes disease in humans, it merely colonizes the gut in poultry or pigs, where seems to establish a commensal relationship. Until now, few studies have been conducted to elucidate the relationship between C. jejuni and its different hosts. In this work, a comparative proteomics approach was used to identify the underlying mechanisms involved in the divergent outcome following C. jejuni infection in human and porcine host. Human (INT-407) and porcine (IPEC-1) intestinal cell lines were infected by C. jejuni for 3 h (T3h) and 24 h (T24h). C. jejuni infection prompted an intense inflammatory response at T3h in human intestinal cells, mainly characterized by expression of proteins involved in cell spreading, cell migration and promotion of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Proteomic analysis evidenced significantly regulated biofunctions in human cells related with engulfment and endocytosis, and supported by canonical pathways associated to infection such as caveolar- and clathrin-mediated endocytosis signaling. In porcine IPEC-1 cells, inflammatory response as well as signaling pathways that control cellular functions such as cell migration, endocytosis and cell cycle progression resulted downregulated. These differences in the host response to infection were supported by the different pattern of adhesion and invasion proteins expressed by C. jejuni in human and porcine cells. No marked differences in expression of virulence factors involved in adaptive response and iron acquisition functions were observed. Therefore, the results of this study suggest that both host and pathogen factors are responsible for commensal or infectious character of C. jejuni in different hosts.SIThis work was supported by the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (AGL2014-54089-R). SZ is a postdoctoral researcher supported by the Postdoctoral Trainee Program of the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (FPDI2013-15619). HA is a postdoctoral researcher supported by the Juan de la Cierva Postdoctoral Trainee Program of the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (FJCI-2014-22877). MV was supported by the Research Plan of the University of the Castilla-La Mancha, SpainWe thank the Andalusian Platform of Bioinformatics (PAB) from the University of Malaga for granting the right to use IPA bioinformatic tools

El papel de la edad de inicio en el consumo problemático de alcohol: ¿artefacto o efecto de cohorte?

La edad de inicio se ha señalado como un predictor crucial del consumo de alcohol en la adolescencia. Sin embargo, varios autores han advertido que se trata de un artefacto poco fiable que se explica por la tendencia a retrasar la edad de inicio a medida que aumenta la edad de los encuestados (forward telescoping o sesgo de memoria). Este estudio pretende comprobar si la edad de inicio es una medida aproximativa de la edad o un predictor del consumo de alcohol por sí mismo. Se utilizó un modelo de regresión jerárquica y la Macro Process para SPSS para probar el efecto de la edad de inicio (controlando la edad) en el consumo de alcohol y el papel mediador/moderador de la edad de inicio, el control parental y el sexo en el consumo de alcohol, respectivamente. Los resultados confirman el papel de la edad de inicio como predictor significativo del consumo de alcohol en los adolescentes ecuatorianos en lugar de artefacto. Además, la edad de inicio medió completamente el efecto de la edad en el consumo de alcohol, con frecuencia moderado por el sexo. Se discuten posteriormente las implicaciones prácticas.Age of onset has been reported as a crucial predictor for alcohol consumption in adolescence. However, several authors have warned against it as an unreliable artefact accounted by the tendency to delay age of onset as respondents’ age increases (forward telescoping). This study aims to test whether age of onset is either a proxy for age or a predictor of alcohol consumption of its own. A hierarchical regression model and Process Macro for SPSS were used to test the effect of age of onset (controlling for age) on alcohol consumption and the mediating/moderator role of age of onset, parental control, and sex on alcohol consumption, respectively. Results support the role of age of onset as a significant predictor of alcohol consumption in Ecuadorian adolescents, rather than an artefact. Furthermore, age of onset completely mediated the effect of age on alcohol consumption, often moderated by sex. Practical implications are further discussed

On the fixed-stress split scheme as smoother in multigrid methods for coupling flow and geomechanics

The fixed-stress split method has been widely used as solution method in the coupling of flow and geomechanics. In this work, we analyze the behavior of an inexact version of this algorithm as smoother within a geometric multigrid method, in order to obtain an efficient monolithic solver for Biot's problem. This solver combines the advantages of being a fully coupled method, with the benefit of decoupling the flow and the mechanics part in the smoothing algorithm. Moreover, the fixed-stress split smoother is based on the physics of the problem, and therefore all parameters involved in the relaxation are based on the physical properties of the medium and are given a priori. A local Fourier analysis is applied to study the convergence of the multigrid method and to support the good convergence results obtained. The proposed geometric multigrid algorithm is used to solve several tests in semi-structured triangular grids, in order to show the good behavior of the method and its practical utility