Comparative Analyses of Power Consumption in Arithmetic Algorithms Implementation

Historically, energy management in computer science has been treated as an activity predominantly of hardware optimization. A great part of the effort on the area, even nowadays, is concerned in components activation, deactivation or resources scheduling to provide, as a final result, the reduction of total power consumption. This work is focused on the power consumption subject under the developer point of view, using a reliable power measurement framework, to validate the literature programming premises about programming options, as, for example, multiplication operations are high consuming in power energy. Besides some elementary operations and authors suggestions about alternatives for power consumption reduction on the programming stage, it was also compared two well used and known algorithms for big numbers multiplication, Karatsuba and Toom-Cook. The results lead to conclusions that would help the developer, in programming stage, to choose, in some cases, the best technique for reduction of power consumption, speed up the software developed, or take some decisions to limit the final software to be under some maximum power

Um mapa operativo de novas perspectivas sobre antigas questões : a casa enquanto abrigo

Kósmos. ISBN 978-989-640-258-7 . P. ...- ...

Perfil do paciente com câncer gástrico do Instituto Nacional do Câncer

Objective: Search and analyze the profile of patients with gastric cancer enrolled in the National Cancer Institute, José de Alencar Gomes da Silva (INCA), and the most prevalent nursing diagnoses.Methodology: A sectional study developed at the Cancer Hospital I - INCA, approved by CEP-INCA, with a sample of secondary data from 649 patients admitted from October 1, 2015 to April 18, 2018. Data were analyzed by R® software - version 3.4 .4. In the Chi-square, Kruskal-Wallis and Wilcoxon tests. The level of significance of 5% was adopted.Results: The average age was 62.74 years, ranging from 21 years to 96 years. 35.29% of patients had advanced disease. Low adenocarcinoma was the most prevalent (42.52%). Signal ring cells were present in 32.05% of the patients. The diffuse type was highlighted (17.72%). There was predominance of involvement of the middle third of the stomach (29.74%). Hypothesis tests have shown that the staging versus death and color versus death variables maintain a relationship of dependence. The variables age versus death and age versus the presence of the Sinete ring present a distinct distribution among them, which means that the first variable can influence the second. The most prevalent nursing diagnoses were present in 100% of the sample and were in congruence with the profile of the clientele identified.Conclusion: The epidemiological profile of a population is of great value to guide the health policies of a country, to the internal institutional planning and to guide the assistance actions of the multiprofessional teams.Objetivo: Levantar y analizar el perfil de los pacientes con cáncer gástrico matriculados en el Instituto Nacional del Cáncer José de Alencar Gomes da Silva (INCA), y los diagnósticos de Enfermería más prevalentes.Metodología: Estudio seccional desarrollado en el Hospital de Cáncer I - INCA aprobado por el CEP-INCA, con muestra de datos secundarios de 649 pacientes admitidos entre el 1 de octubre de 2015 al 18 de abril de 2018. Los datos fueron analizados por el software R® - versión 3.4.4. En las pruebas Chi-cuadrado, Kruskal-Wallis y Wilcoxon. Se adoptó el nivel de significancia del 5%.Resultados: El promedio de edad fue de 62.74 años, variando de 21 años hasta 96 años. 35.29% de los pacientes presentaban enfermedad avanzada. El adenocarcinoma poco diferenciado fue el más prevalente (42.52%). Había células en anillo de sello en el 32.05% de los pacientes. Se destacó el tipo difuso (17.72%). Hubo predominio del compromiso del tercio medio del estómago (29.74%). Las pruebas de hipótesis demostraron que las variables de estadificación frente a la muerte y el color frente a la defunción mantienen una relación de dependencia. Las variables edad versus óbito y edad versus presencia de anillo de Sinete tienen distribución diferente entre sí, lo que significa que la primera variable puede influenciar la segunda. Los diagnósticos de enfermería más prevalentes estuvieron presentes en el 100% de la muestra y se encontraban en congruencia con el perfil de la clientela identificada.Conclusión: El perfil epidemiológico de una población es de gran valor para orientar las políticas de salud de un país, para la planificación interna institucional y para orientar las acciones asistenciales de los equipos multiprofesionales.Objetivo: Levantar e analisar o perfil dos pacientes com câncer gástrico matriculados no Instituto Nacional de Câncer José de Alencar Gomes da Silva (INCA), e os diagnósticos de Enfermagem mais prevalentes.Metodologia: Estudo seccional desenvolvido no Hospital de Câncer I – INCA aprovado pelo CEP-INCA, com amostra de dados secundários de 649 pacientes admitidos entre 01 de outubro de 2015 à 18 de abril de 2018. Os dados foram analisados pelo software R® – versão 3.4.4. Nos testes Qui-quadrado, Kruskal-Wallis e Wilcoxon. Foi adotado o nível de significância de 5%.Resultados: A média de idade foi de 62.74 anos, variando de 21 anos até 96 anos. 35.29% dos pacientes apresentavam doença avançada. O adenocarcinoma pouco diferenciado foi o mais prevalente (42.52%). Havia células em anel de sinete em 32.05% dos pacientes. Destacou-se o tipo difuso (17.72%). Houve predomínio do comprometimento do terço médio do estômago (29.74%). Os testes de hipóteses demostraram que as variáveis estadiamento versus óbito e cor versus óbito mantêm uma relação de dependência. As variáveis idade versus óbito e idade versus presença de anel de Sinete tem distribuição diferentes entre si, o que significa que a primeira variável pode influenciar a segunda. Os diagnósticos de enfermagem mais prevalentes estiveram presentes em 100% da amostra e encontravam-se em congruência com o perfil da clientela identificada.Conclusão: O perfil epidemiológico de uma população é de grande valia para orientar as políticas de saúde de um país, para o planejamento interno institucional e para nortear as ações assistenciais das equipes multiprofissionais

Availability of urinary albumin measurement in Southern Brazilian laboratories

Introduction: Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is the leading worldwide cause of end-stage renal disease. The current recommendation is to screen for DKD by evaluating estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and measuring urinary albumin (UA) levels in a spot sample. The aim of this study was to evaluate the availability of UA measurement in Southern Brazilian laboratories. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted to assess the routine use of UA in all laboratories registered in the State Pharmacy Council ofRio Grande do Sul, the southernmost state ofBrazil. Data was collected by mail, e-mail, telephone, or personal interview. A sample size of at least 384 laboratories was necessary to achieve 5% precision at a 95% confidence level based on a fixed proportion of 0.5. Results: Eight hundred and eighty laboratories currently registered in the state were invited to participate in the study; 548 (62%) answered the technical specification questionnaire. Only 306 (55%) of the 548 surveyed laboratories performed UA measurements. The laboratories were also required to provide the number of UA measurements performed per day, which ranged from less than one per week to 65 per day. Conclusion: The availability of UA measurements is undesirably low inSouthern Brazil. This demonstrates the urgent need to increase the availability of this important test. It also reveals the gap between the current guidelines and the awareness about them among health care professionals.

Short-term exercise training improves cardiac function associated to a better antioxidant response and lower type 3 iodothyronine deiodinase activity after myocardial infarction

Aims: We assessed the effects of a short-term exercise training on cardiac function, oxidative stress markers, and type 3 iodothyronine deiodinase (D3) activity in cardiac tissue of spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) following experimental myocardial infarction (MI). Methods: Twenty-four SHR (aged 3 months) were allocated to 4 groups: sham+sedentary, sham+trained, MI+sedentary and MI+trained. MI was performed by permanent ligation of the coronary artery. Exercise training (treadmill) started 96 hours after MI and lasted for 4 weeks (~60% maximum effort, 4x/week and 40 min/day). Cardiac function (echocardiography), thioredoxin reductase (TRx), total carbonyl levels, among other oxidative stress markers and D3 activity were measured. A Generalized Estimating Equation was used, followed by Bonferroni’s test (p<0.05). Results: MI resulted in an increase in left ventricular mass (p = 0.002) with decreased cardiac output (~22.0%, p = 0.047) and decreased ejection fraction (~41%, p = 0.008) as well as an increase in the carbonyl levels (p = 0.001) and D3 activity (~33%, p<0.001). Exercise training resulted in a decrease in left ventricular mass, restored cardiac output (~34%, p = 0.048) and ejection fraction (~20%, p = 0.040), increased TRx (~85%, p = 0.007) and reduced carbonyl levels (p<0.001) and D3 activity (p<0.001). Conclusions: Our short-term exercise training helped reverse the effects of MI on cardiac function. These benefits seem to derive from a more efficient antioxidant response and lower D3 activity in cardiac tissue

A contribution to the monitoring of ceramic surface quality using a low-cost piezoelectric transducer in the grinding operation

The grinding process is usually one of the last stages in the manufacturing process chain since it can provide superior surface finish and closer dimensional tolerances. However, due to peculiarities of the grinding process, a workpiece material is susceptible to many problems, and demands a reliable real-time monitoring system. Some grinding monitoring systems have been proposed by means of sensors. However, the literature is still scarce in terms of employing time–frequency analysis techniques during the grinding of ceramics. Thus, this paper proposes an application of a low-cost piezoelectric transducer (PZT) in the analysis of the surface quality of ceramic workpieces during the grinding process by means of the frequency–time domain technique along with the ratio of power (ROP) parameter. An integrated, high-cost, commonly-used acoustic emission (AE) sensor was employed in order to compare the results with the low-cost PZT transducer. Tests were performed using a surface grinding machine. Three depth of cut values were selected in order to represent slight, moderate, and severe grinding conditions. Signals were collected at 2 MHz. The short-time Fourier transform (STFT) was studied in order to obtain the frequency variations over time. An analysis of the ROP values was performed in order to establish a correlation with the surface roughness. The ROP values are highly desirable for setting a threshold to detect the workpiece surface quality and for implementing it into a monitoring system. The results using the PZT transducer showed a great similarity to those obtained using the AE sensor

Effects of volume training on strength and endurance of back muscles: a randomized controlled trial

CONTEXT: Strength/resistance training volume has historically been supported in the American College of Sports Medicine recommendations. However, for the back muscles, exercise prescription related to the number of sets, such as single vs. multiple, is not well established in the literature. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of two training volumes on strength and endurance of back extensor muscles in untrained young participants, with regard to a repeated measures design. DESIGN: Randomized controlled trial. SETTING: Laboratory of functional evaluation and human motor performance. PARTICIPANTS: Forty-four untrained young participants (mean age = 21 yrs) were randomized into three groups: single set (SSG, n = 14), multiple sets (MSG, n = 15), and untrained control (CG, n = 15). INTERVENTION: The SSG and MSG underwent a 10-wk progressive resistance training program (2 days·week-1) using a 45° Roman chair. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Back maximal strength (dynamometer) and isometric and dynamic endurance (time-limit, trunk extension-flexion cycles, and electromyography muscle fatigue estimates). RESULTS: The results showed differences between the MSG and control group for isometric endurance time (mean 19.8 seconds, 95% CI 44.1 to 4.8), but without time intervention significance. Significant improvement after training (P 0.05) difference in either strength or electromyography estimates after training. CONCLUSIONS: Both multiple and single volume training were efficient in promoting better back endurance during dynamic performance based on mechanical variables (time and number of repetitions)

Comportamento do mercado da castanha-do-Brasil com casca produzida no Brasil de 2000 a 2010

O objetivo do trabalho foi analisar o comportamento do mercado da castanha-do-Brasil com casca produzida pelo Brasil no período de 2000 a 2010. Para isso, identificaram-se quebras estruturais nas séries de dados utilizadas; investigou-se a existência de correlações entre as variáveis preço, quantidade e valor; e descreveram-se os deslocamentos das curvas de oferta e demanda da castanha-do-Brasil com casca produzida pelo país nesse período. O modelo de tendência foi utilizado para identificar a direção dos deslocamentos das curvas, por meio do cálculo das taxas de crescimento do preço pago ao coletor e da quantidade produzida. Para o período integral (2000-2010) houve deslocamento positivo da curva de demanda. Porém ao se analisar separadamente os subperíodos identificados pelo teste de Chow (2000-2005 e 2006-2010), verificou-se um deslocamento negativo da oferta no primeiro subperíodo e um deslocamento positivo da oferta no segundo subperíodo. Os resultados mostraram que o mercado de castanha-do-Brasil está crescendo e que as políticas de incentivo do governo à atividade foram efetivas.This paper aimed to analyze the market behavior of in shell Brazil nuts produced by Brazil during the period of 2000 to 2010. In order to do it, structural brakes in the data were identified, the existence of correlations between the variables price, quantity and value was investigated; and the shift of the supply and demand curves was described for the nuts production. The trend model was used to identify the direction of the shift, by calculating the growth rates of national prices and of produced quantities. When analyzing the whole period (2000-2010), there was a positive shift of the demand curve, but when separately analyzing the two sub periods defined by the Chow test (2000-2005 and 2006-2010), a negative shift of the supply curve was identified on the first sub period, while the second subperiod revealed a positive shift of the supply curve. The results showed that the market of Brazil nuts is ascending and that the government’s incentive policies to the activity were effective

Equilíbrio e risco de quedas em crianças com deficiência visual

Introdução: O comprometimento do sistema visual pode reduzir a estabilidade, resultando em aumento da oscilação corporal e/ou alteração da estratégia de movimento. Objetivo: Avaliar o equilíbrio em crianças com deficiência visual (DV),em fase escolar. Métodos: Foram avaliados cinco participantes, com diagnóstico de baixa visão (P1 e P5) e cegueira total (P2, P3 e P4). A avaliação foi realizada por meio de questionário, aplicação de teste clínico e avaliação do equilíbrio (EEP e PF BIOMEC 400). Resultados: O escore total da EEP de P1, P2 e P4 foi 56 pontos; de P3, 53; e de P5, 55 pontos. Na PF, P1 e P5 obtiveram melhor manutenção do equilíbrio. Todos os participantes apresentaram dificuldade em ficar em apoio unipodal. Conclusão: As crianças com DV são capazes de realizar as AVDs, mas podem apresentar maior risco de quedas, principalmente nas que exigem a posição unipodal. Introduction: The involvement of the visual system can reduce the stability, re-sulting in increased body sway and/or change in movement strategy. Objective: To evaluate the balance in children with visual impairment (DV) on the school stage. Methods: A total of five participants diagnosed with low vision (P1 and P5) and total blindness (P2, P3 and P4) were analysed. The evaluation was con-ducted through a questionnaire, clinical trial implementationand evaluation of the balance (EEP and PF 400 biomec). Results: The total score of EEP P1, P2 and P4 was 56 points, P3 was 53, and P5 was 55 points. In PF, P1 and P5 had better main-tain balance. All participants had trouble staying on leg support. Conclusion: Children with DV are able to perform ADLs, but may be at greater risk of falls, especially those that require a single leg stance