Programa de comunicación y nivel de satisfacción de familiares de pacientes en una Uci de un hospital - Lima 2023

La investigación se enfoca en resolver un problema concreto que es mejorar la comunicación y satisfacción de los familiares en este entorno específico, lo que lo clasifica como investigación aplicada, en cuanto al diseño de investigación este fue mixto porque presentan un enfoque cuantitativo y cualitativo de manera simultánea, el Enfoque cuantitativo fue experimental no descriptivo, la población estuvo constituida por 60 familiares de pacientes hospitalizados en UCI, se realizó un muestreo no probabilístico por conveniencia , la muestra estuvo conformada por los 60 participantes de la población, por tratarse de una población muy pequeña, los resultados obtenidos los promedios de la escala de Likert para cada dimensión trabajada, la dimensión participación en la toma de decisiones obtuvo el más bajo puntaje (2.86) seguido de la dimensión comunicación empática y actualización regular que tuvieron una puntuación de 2.9 respectivamente, la dimensión 3 respeto y consideración y la dimensión 1 acceso a la información evidenciaron puntajes más altos, 3.05 y 3.1 respectivamente la Dimensión comunicación empática se tomó como referencia para elaborar el programa de comunicación que satisfaga a los familiares de los pacientes hospitalizados en UCI, ya que esta dimensión engloba también La Dimensión “Participación en la toma de decisiones” y la Dimensión “información actualizada” que el personal de enfermería comunica a los familiares

La toma de decisiones de gobiernos y sectores de la sociedad, intuiciones y datos en tiempos de pandemia SARS-COVID-19

Uno de los cuestionamientos más recurrentes durante la pandemia ha girado alrededor de la toma de decisiones y el tipo de evidencia que las respalda. Comparada con otras crisis como la económica del 2008, que principalmente afectó al sector financiero; o el escenario de malas decisiones durante la epidemia de la gripe aviar en la década de los setenta (1), la pandemia por COVID-19 ha afectado todo el sistema socioeconómico y generando incertidumbre ha aumentado la percepción de riesgo. Esto ha hecho que se requieran tiempos de respuesta más cortos, así como una reflexión del sistema de valores de las sociedades en el proceso de toma de decisiones. En este contexto, las evidencias provienen de diferentes sectores y de diferentes ramas del conocimiento. La pregunta que razonablemente surge entonces es: ¿A quién escuchar? La rapidez con que se deben tomar las decisiones en tiempos de pandemia requiere un ajuste al modelo de toma de decisiones basado en evidencia que demanda información con alta credibilidad y libre de sesgos. Por ejemplo, el resultado de investigación científica de calidad. Supone además que la información disponible sea el resultado de un exhaustivo análisis y una evaluación metódica, además de accesible y fácil de entender. En la actual coyuntura estos estrictos requerimientos son casi imposibles de atender. Se ha pasado de utilizar exclusivamente información de alta credibilidad, a aceptar información razonablemente creíble; de priorizar la información mediante una evaluación sistemática, se ha pasado a hacer una valoración desde la subjetividad del juicio profesional y la experiencia de quienes evalúan la información disponible

Predictors of Compliance with COVID-19 Guidelines Across Countries: The role of social norms, moral values, trust, stress, and demographic factors

Despite the devastating impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic, it provided the opportunity to investigate factors associated with compliance with public health measures that could inform responses to future pandemics. We analysed cross-country data (k = 121, N = 15,740) collected one year into the COVID-19 pandemic to investigate factors related to compliance with COVID-19 guidelines. These factors include social norms, moral values, trust, stress, and demographic factors. We found that social norms to follow preventive measures were positively correlated with compliance with local prevention guidelines. Compliance was also predicted by concern about the moral value of harm and care, trust in government and the scientific community, stress, and demographic factors. Finally, we discuss country-level differences in the associations between predictors and compliance. Overall, results indicate that the harm/care dimension of moral foundations and trust are critical to the development of programs and policies aimed at increasing compliance with measures to reduce the spread of disease

COVIDiSTRESS diverse dataset on psychological and behavioural outcomes one year into the COVID-19 pandemic

During the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, the COVIDiSTRESS Consortium launched an open-access global survey to understand and improve individuals’ experiences related to the crisis. A year later, we extended this line of research by launching a new survey to address the dynamic landscape of the pandemic. This survey was released with the goal of addressing diversity, equity, and inclusion by working with over 150 researchers across the globe who collected data in 48 languages and dialects across 137 countries. The resulting cleaned dataset described here includes 15,740 of over 20,000 responses. The dataset allows cross-cultural study of psychological wellbeing and behaviours a year into the pandemic. It includes measures of stress, resilience, vaccine attitudes, trust in government and scientists, compliance, and information acquisition and misperceptions regarding COVID-19. Open-access raw and cleaned datasets with computed scores are available. Just as our initial COVIDiSTRESS dataset has facilitated government policy decisions regarding health crises, this dataset can be used by researchers and policy makers to inform research, decisions, and policy

New World Civitas, Contested Jurisdictions and Intercultural Conversation in the Construction of the Spanish Monarchy

Jurisdictional frontiers were created, contested, and negotiated among a wide range of actors, including native Americans and Europeans, with reference to the cities founded in Castilla del Oro (roughly present-day Panama). This research deals, first, with the reshaping of the concept of a city in the New World, based on its inhabitants' sense of civitas. It analyses, secondly, the creation and redefinition of jurisdiction during political conflicts and, third, the construction and maintenance of jurisdiction through local relations with indigenous populations described as "conversation". The analysis of the creation and preservation of local jurisdictions allows for an interpretation of the complexities involved in the configuration of political power and political space from below in the territories claimed by the Spanish Monarchy.Art Empir

Prevalence, associated factors and outcomes of pressure injuries in adult intensive care unit patients: the DecubICUs study

Funder: European Society of Intensive Care Medicine; doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100013347Funder: Flemish Society for Critical Care NursesAbstract: Purpose: Intensive care unit (ICU) patients are particularly susceptible to developing pressure injuries. Epidemiologic data is however unavailable. We aimed to provide an international picture of the extent of pressure injuries and factors associated with ICU-acquired pressure injuries in adult ICU patients. Methods: International 1-day point-prevalence study; follow-up for outcome assessment until hospital discharge (maximum 12 weeks). Factors associated with ICU-acquired pressure injury and hospital mortality were assessed by generalised linear mixed-effects regression analysis. Results: Data from 13,254 patients in 1117 ICUs (90 countries) revealed 6747 pressure injuries; 3997 (59.2%) were ICU-acquired. Overall prevalence was 26.6% (95% confidence interval [CI] 25.9–27.3). ICU-acquired prevalence was 16.2% (95% CI 15.6–16.8). Sacrum (37%) and heels (19.5%) were most affected. Factors independently associated with ICU-acquired pressure injuries were older age, male sex, being underweight, emergency surgery, higher Simplified Acute Physiology Score II, Braden score 3 days, comorbidities (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, immunodeficiency), organ support (renal replacement, mechanical ventilation on ICU admission), and being in a low or lower-middle income-economy. Gradually increasing associations with mortality were identified for increasing severity of pressure injury: stage I (odds ratio [OR] 1.5; 95% CI 1.2–1.8), stage II (OR 1.6; 95% CI 1.4–1.9), and stage III or worse (OR 2.8; 95% CI 2.3–3.3). Conclusion: Pressure injuries are common in adult ICU patients. ICU-acquired pressure injuries are associated with mainly intrinsic factors and mortality. Optimal care standards, increased awareness, appropriate resource allocation, and further research into optimal prevention are pivotal to tackle this important patient safety threat

Correction to: Prevalence, associated factors and outcomes of pressure injuries in adult intensive care unit patients: the DecubICUs study

The original version of this article unfortunately contained a mistake

Prevalence, associated factors and outcomes of pressure injuries in adult intensive care unit patients: the DecubICUs study

Funder: European Society of Intensive Care Medicine; doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100013347Funder: Flemish Society for Critical Care NursesAbstract: Purpose: Intensive care unit (ICU) patients are particularly susceptible to developing pressure injuries. Epidemiologic data is however unavailable. We aimed to provide an international picture of the extent of pressure injuries and factors associated with ICU-acquired pressure injuries in adult ICU patients. Methods: International 1-day point-prevalence study; follow-up for outcome assessment until hospital discharge (maximum 12 weeks). Factors associated with ICU-acquired pressure injury and hospital mortality were assessed by generalised linear mixed-effects regression analysis. Results: Data from 13,254 patients in 1117 ICUs (90 countries) revealed 6747 pressure injuries; 3997 (59.2%) were ICU-acquired. Overall prevalence was 26.6% (95% confidence interval [CI] 25.9–27.3). ICU-acquired prevalence was 16.2% (95% CI 15.6–16.8). Sacrum (37%) and heels (19.5%) were most affected. Factors independently associated with ICU-acquired pressure injuries were older age, male sex, being underweight, emergency surgery, higher Simplified Acute Physiology Score II, Braden score 3 days, comorbidities (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, immunodeficiency), organ support (renal replacement, mechanical ventilation on ICU admission), and being in a low or lower-middle income-economy. Gradually increasing associations with mortality were identified for increasing severity of pressure injury: stage I (odds ratio [OR] 1.5; 95% CI 1.2–1.8), stage II (OR 1.6; 95% CI 1.4–1.9), and stage III or worse (OR 2.8; 95% CI 2.3–3.3). Conclusion: Pressure injuries are common in adult ICU patients. ICU-acquired pressure injuries are associated with mainly intrinsic factors and mortality. Optimal care standards, increased awareness, appropriate resource allocation, and further research into optimal prevention are pivotal to tackle this important patient safety threat