68 research outputs found
The nature of the Brazilian flag: an environmental turn under military rule (1964-1985)
Nature in Brazil has been the subject of debates, competing representations and historical ruptures. This article argues that the period of the military regime (1964-1985) was that of a shift in the delimitation between culture and nature, which became clear by means of media, artistic, intellectual and political representations. During the 1970s, in particular, the ânatureâ envisaged by the military regime, a hostile nature which the nation must conquer in order to exploit resources, gave way to a fragile nature. In diverse sectors of society, environmental protection came to be seen as necessary to preserve national identity and sovereignty. The debate about the future of the Amazon proved crucial in this transformation. This article analyzes the reasons for this change and gives some illustrations of it. It begins with a perspective of the different visions of nature that existed prior to the arrival of the military in power. Then, it explains how the developmentalist ideology of the military regime, based on an anthropocentric idea of nature, was challenged in the context of the rise of environmentalist discourse in the 1970s. Subsequently, it analyzes the transversal character that ecological thought managed to adopt in Brazilian society during these years. And finally, it explores the diversification of the environmental movement in the context of the transition towards democracy and its aftermaths
Entre Deux Drapeaux: Les ouvriers capverdiens au Portugal pendant la période revolutionnaire (1974-1976)
MarquĂ©s par un climat de dĂ©colonisation, les mois qui suivirent la RĂ©volution des Oeillets (25 avril 1974) constituĂšrent une pĂ©riode dâincertitude pour les Capverdiens vivant et travaillant en tant quâouvriers au Portugal. AxĂ© sur cet interstice historique de crĂ©ation dâidentitĂ©s post-coloniales (1974-1976), cet article sâinterroge sur la marge dâaction des ouvriers capverdiens vivant entre deux nations (le Portugal et le Cap Vert) encore Ă (rĂ©)inventer. Ainsi, lâarticle sâintĂ©resse aux politiques et aux comportements adoptĂ©s par les acteurs sociaux portugais et capverdiens Ă lâencontre des migrants, mais aussi aux stratĂ©gies des migrants eux-mĂȘmes face Ă lâincertitude, aux crises, et aux phĂ©nomĂšnes dâexclusion qui eurent lieu durant la pĂ©riode rĂ©volutionnaire.Marcados por um contexto de descolonização, os meses que se seguiram Ă Revolução dos Cravos (25 de Abril de 1974) constituĂram um perĂodo de incerteza para os cabo-verdianos que viviam e trabalhavam em Portugal como operĂĄrios. Centrado nesse interstĂcio histĂłrico de construção de identidades pĂłs-coloniais (1974-1976), este artigo interroga-se sobre a margem de manobra dos trabalhadores cabo-verdianos a viver entre duas naçÔes (Portugal e Cabo Verde) ainda por (re)inventar. O artigo toma em consideração as polĂticas e os comportamentos adoptados pelos actores sociais portugueses e cabo-verdianos em relação aos imigrantes, mas tambĂ©m as estratĂ©gias dos prĂłprios imigrantes face Ă incerteza, Ă s crises e aos fenĂłmenos de exclusĂŁo que tiveram lugar durante o perĂodo revolucionĂĄrio
Entre Deux Drapeaux: Les ouvriers capverdiens au Portugal pendant la période revolutionnaire (1974-1976)
MarquĂ©s par un climat de dĂ©colonisation, les mois qui suivirent la RĂ©volution des Oeillets (25 avril 1974) constituĂšrent une pĂ©riode dâincertitude pour les Capverdiens vivant et travaillant en tant quâouvriers au Portugal. AxĂ© sur cet interstice historique de crĂ©ation dâidentitĂ©s post-coloniales (1974-1976), cet article sâinterroge sur la marge dâaction des ouvriers capverdiens vivant entre deux nations (le Portugal et le Cap Vert) encore Ă (rĂ©)inventer. Ainsi, lâarticle sâintĂ©resse aux politiques et aux comportements adoptĂ©s par les acteurs sociaux portugais et capverdiens Ă lâencontre des migrants, mais aussi aux stratĂ©gies des migrants eux-mĂȘmes face Ă lâincertitude, aux crises, et aux phĂ©nomĂšnes
dâexclusion qui eurent lieu durant la pĂ©riode rĂ©volutionnaire.Marcados por um contexto de descolonização, os meses que se seguiram Ă Revolução dos Cravos (25 de Abril de 1974) constituĂram um perĂodo de incerteza para os cabo-verdianos
que viviam e trabalhavam em Portugal como operĂĄrios. Centrado nesse interstĂcio histĂłrico de construção de identidades pĂłs-coloniais (1974-1976), este artigo interroga-se sobre a margem de manobra dos trabalhadores cabo-verdianos a viver entre duas naçÔes (Portugal e Cabo Verde) ainda por (re)inventar. O artigo toma em consideração as polĂticas
e os comportamentos adoptados pelos actores sociais portugueses e cabo-verdianos em relação aos imigrantes, mas tambĂ©m as estratĂ©gias dos prĂłprios imigrantes face Ă incerteza, Ă s crises e aos fenĂłmenos de exclusĂŁo que tiveram lugar durante o perĂodo revolucionĂĄrio
Trabalho forçado na fazenda da Volks: CrÎnica de um escùndalo amazÎnico na Alemanha
The object of this article is the scandal of forced labor linked to the Vale do Rio Cristalino Amazonian ranch, which belonged to the German firm Volkswagen (VW) between 1973 and 1986. Focusing on the representations, the perception and the reception of the scandal in Germany, this article has the following three aims: - explaining how a multinational company of modern and humanist reputation could tolerate the existence of archaic forms of labor in its own ranch -analyzing the movement of trans-national solidarity, which developed in Germany in reaction to the news of forced labor at âCristalinoâ -evaluating the impact of this polemic in the sensibilization, at the international level, as regards the problem of Amazonian forced labor. Keywords : forced labour, Amazon, Volkswagen, Germany, international solidarityEste artigo Ă© dedicado ao escĂąndalo de trabalho forçado relacionado com a fazenda amazĂŽnica Vale do Rio Cristalino, gerida pela firma alemĂŁ Volkswagen (VW) entre 1973 e 1986. As representaçÔes, a percepção e a recepção do escĂąndalo na Alemanha constituem o ponto de enfoque do texto. O objetivo deste artigo Ă© triplo : explicar como uma multinacional de reputação moderna e humanista chegou a permitir uma gestĂŁo arcaica da mĂŁo de obra na prĂłpria fazenda, analisar o movimento de solidariedade trans-nacional que se desenvolveu na Alemanha em reação Ă s notĂcias de trabalho forçado na ";Cristalino";, e avaliar o impacto dessa polĂȘmica na conscientização ao nĂvel internacional do problema de trabalho forçado amazĂŽnico. Palavras-chave: Trabalho forçado, AmazĂŽnia, Volkswagen, Alemanha, solidariedade internacionalEste artigo Ă© dedicado ao escĂąndalo de trabalho forçado relacionado com a fazenda amazĂŽnica Vale do Rio Cristalino, gerida pela firma alemĂŁ Volkswagen (VW) entre 1973 e 1986. As representaçÔes, a percepção e a recepção do escĂąndalo na Alemanha constituem o ponto de enfoque do texto. O objetivo deste artigo Ă© triplo : explicar como uma multinacional de reputação moderna e humanista chegou a permitir uma gestĂŁo arcaica da mĂŁo de obra na prĂłpria fazenda, analisar o movimento de solidariedade trans-nacional que se desenvolveu na Alemanha em reação Ă s notĂcias de trabalho forçado na ";;Cristalino";;, e avaliar o impacto dessa polĂȘmica na conscientização ao nĂvel internacional do problema de trabalho forçado amazĂŽnico. Palavras-chave: Trabalho forçado, AmazĂŽnia, Volkswagen, Alemanha, solidariedade internaciona
Negotiating Nature. Imaginaries, Interventions and Resistance
Tittor A, Acker A, Kaltmeier O, eds. Negotiating Nature. Imaginaries, Interventions and Resistance. fiar â forum for inter-american research . 2016;9(2)
COVID-19 symptoms at hospital admission vary with age and sex: results from the ISARIC prospective multinational observational study
Background:
The ISARIC prospective multinational observational study is the largest cohort of hospitalized patients with COVID-19. We present relationships of age, sex, and nationality to presenting symptoms.
Methods:
International, prospective observational study of 60â109 hospitalized symptomatic patients with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 recruited from 43 countries between 30 January and 3 August 2020. Logistic regression was performed to evaluate relationships of age and sex to published COVID-19 case definitions and the most commonly reported symptoms.
Results:
âTypicalâ symptoms of fever (69%), cough (68%) and shortness of breath (66%) were the most commonly reported. 92% of patients experienced at least one of these. Prevalence of typical symptoms was greatest in 30- to 60-year-olds (respectively 80, 79, 69%; at least one 95%). They were reported less frequently in children (â€â18 years: 69, 48, 23; 85%), older adults (â„â70 years: 61, 62, 65; 90%), and women (66, 66, 64; 90%; vs. men 71, 70, 67; 93%, each Pâ<â0.001). The most common atypical presentations under 60 years of age were nausea and vomiting and abdominal pain, and over 60 years was confusion. Regression models showed significant differences in symptoms with sex, age and country.
Interpretation:
This international collaboration has allowed us to report reliable symptom data from the largest cohort of patients admitted to hospital with COVID-19. Adults over 60 and children admitted to hospital with COVID-19 are less likely to present with typical symptoms. Nausea and vomiting are common atypical presentations under 30 years. Confusion is a frequent atypical presentation of COVID-19 in adults over 60 years. Women are less likely to experience typical symptoms than men
How fascism went digital: a historian's perspective on Bolsonaro's victory in Brazil
Jair Bolsonaroâs victory in the Brazilian presidential election marks the triumph of a new, digital form of totalitarian movement in which masses are the driver of their own manipulation. But this doesnât make it less harmful than traditional fascist models
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