A multienzyme response is involved in the phenomenon of resistance to triclabendazole on Fasciola

The trematode Fasciola hepatica is the producer of a parasitic zoonosis known as fasciolosis. Triclabendazole (TCBZ) is the most widely used fasciolicide anthelmintic. Today, its indiscriminate use has led to the expression of anthelmintic resistance. Our previous studies over the Sligo strain (TCBZ-R) confirmed in the Phase I of detoxification, an overexpression of Flavin-Monooxygenases. This phenomenon should not be the only response that the trematode has and should not rule out the involvement of other processes of detoxification of Phase I or II. In the processes of detoxification in Phase I, the Carboxylesterase (CE) is a serine esterase-dependent with broad substrate specificity. This family of enzymes are involved in many metabolic functions including detoxification of xenobiotics. In Phase II exists a system using the Glutathione (GSH). It is a sequence of certain enzymes that culminate adding reduced GSH to xenobiotic increasing its water solubility and facilitatingtheir excretion. Glutathione addition plays an important role in antioxidant defense in different tissues catalyze the reduction of oxidized to reduced GSH which will be utilized by GST to reduce the peroxide and lipoperoxide, which they are reactive oxygen species. This process involves Glutathione Peroxidase (GPx), Glutathione Reductase (GSR) and Glutathione S-Transferase (GST). In the present work, we evaluate, in vitro, the cytosolic activity of different xenobiotic metabolizing enzymes of Phase I: CE and Phase II: GST, GPx and GSR in adults of F. hepatica TCBZ susceptible (TCBZ-S) and TCBZ resistant (TCBZ-R),respectively Cullompton strain and Sligo and Oberon strains. In the TCBZ-R Sligo and Oberon strains, the GST activity was 1277±32 and 1216±16 nmol/min/mg protein, respectively, higher than that in the TCBZ-S Cullompton strain 800±60 nmol/ min/mg protein. Regarding the GPx activity in the Sligo and Oberon strains, TCBZ-R was 83±3.41 and 81±2.45 nmol/min/ mg protein, respectively, higher than that in the TCBZ-S Cullompton strain 49±2.58 nmol/min/mg protein. The GSR activity in Sligo and Oberon strains was 38±2.07 and 41±1.25 nmol/min/mg protein, respectively, higher than that in the TCBZ-S Cullompton strain 29±1.22 nmol/min/mg protein, whereas CE activity did not differ between the different strains tested. In this work, a multienzyme response involving at all the family of enzymes GSH dependent is detected. Carboxylesterase expressed no significant differences not being involved in the resistance phenomenon. These results contribute to the understanding of the mechanisms referred to the phenomenon of resistance to TCBZ.Fil: Fernandez, Vanesa. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tandil. Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil. Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil. Provincia de Buenos Aires. Gobernación. Comision de Investigaciones Científicas. Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil; ArgentinaFil: Acevedo, Maria E.. Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias. Laboratorio de Biología Celular y Molecular; ArgentinaFil: Solana, Hugo Daniel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tandil. Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil. Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil. Provincia de Buenos Aires. Gobernación. Comision de Investigaciones Científicas. Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil; Argentina. Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias. Laboratorio de Biología Celular y Molecular; ArgentinaInternational Conference on ParasitologyPhiladelphiaEstados UnidosOMICS Publishing Grou

Controller therapy for asthma: montelukast versus fluticasone

Introducción: El asma es un trastorno inflamatorio crónico de las vías aéreas. Esta inflamación genera un aumento asociado de la hiperreactividad de las vías aéreas a una variedad de estímulos y una limitación del flujo aéreo. El tratamiento controlador del asma tiene como objetivos lograr y mantener control de los síntomas, prevenir las exacerbaciones, mantener la función pulmonar lo mas cerca posible a la normalidad, evitar efectos adversos de la medicación, prevenir obstrucción irreversible de la vía aérea y disminuir la mortalidad. Los medicamentos utilizados para este fin son los antinflamatorios dentro de los cuales se incluyen los grupos de corticoesteroides, cromonas y antileucotrienos. Objetivo: El objetivo de esta revisión bibliográfica es indicar las evidencias encontradas sobre mayor efectividad en este cuadro clínico entre Fluticasona y Montelukast. Material y métodos: Se realizó una revisión bibliográfica, en la cual se utilizo para la búsqueda de información las bases de datos PUBMED, MEDLINE y BIBLIOTECA VIRTUAL DE SALUD artículos científicos publicados en los últimos 5 años que comparan el tratamientote ambos fármacos. Conclusión: El fármaco más efectivo como monoterapia para el tratamiento controlador del asma en niños es la fluticasona frente al montelukast, por lo que esta es considerada la terapia de primera línea.Introduction: Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the airways. This inflammation is an associated increase in Nonspecific hyperresponsiveness airway to a variety of stimuli and airflow limitation. The asthma controller therapy aims to achieve and maintain control of symptoms, prevent exacerbations, maintaining lung function as close as possible to normal, avoid adverse effects of medication, prevent irreversible obstruction of the airway and reduce mortality . Medicines used for this purpose are the anti-inflammatory within which groups include corticosteroids, chromones and leukotriene. Objective: Fluticasone (inhaled corticosteroid) and montelukast (antileukotriene) are commonly used drugs for the treatment of pediatric asthma controller so that the objective of this review is to summarize the evidence on which of the two showed greater effectiveness in the treatment. Methods: A literature review, which was used to search for information databases PUBMED, MEDLINE and HEALTH LIBRARY scientific articles published over the past 5 years, comparing treatment with fluticasone and montelukast. Conclusion: The most effective drug as monotherapy for asthma controller therapy in children is fluticasone compared with montelukast, so this is considered first-line therapy.Fil: Acevedo, Maria E..Fil: Cano, Alejandra A..Fil: Lopez, Vanina A..Fil: Viola, Luciana S..Fil: Gerometta, Rosana María del Rosario. Universidad Nacional del Nordeste. Facultad de Medicina; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentin

Estudio de la Asfaltita y aplicaciones en mezclas asfálticas tibias y semitibias

The use of natural asphalt represents an innovative alternative for the creation of asphalt mixtures; Currently, Colombian regulations present applications of this type of asphalt as both in base and in granular sub-bases, and in asphalt mixtures, but the application that has been given for the design of asphalt mixtures has not been able to exploit all the benefits of the material since it is often used in an inappropriate way. The purpose of this research article is to expose the main characteristics of natural asphalt and the possible alternatives that could be studied when including it in the manufacture of a warm (WMA) or half warm (HWMA) asphalt mix; It also includes the natural asphalt deposits found in the world and in Colombia. The environmental benefits of the implementation of this type of mixtures are exposed, stating that the use of these technologies helps to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and combustion gases. In addition, it contributes to the reduction of the depletion of finite resources due to the fact that this type of asphalt mixtures are manufactured and compacted at lower temperatures, as well as the consumption of manufactured asphalt, products of petroleum distillation is reduced.El uso de los asfaltos naturales representa una alternativa innovadora para la creación de mezclas asfálticas. Actualmente, en la normativa colombiana hay aplicaciones de este tipo de asfalto tanto en base como en subbases granulares y en mezclas asfálticas, pero la que se le ha dado al diseño de mezclas asfálticas no ha logrado explotar todos los beneficios del material, ya que se suele utilizar de manera inadecuada. El artículo tiene como propósito exponer las principales características del asfalto natural y las posibles alternativas que se podrían llegar a estudiar al incluirla en la fabricación de un mezcla asfáltica tibia (WMA) o semitibia (HWMA); además, se incluyen los yacimientos de asfalto natural que se encuentran en el mundo y en Colombia. Se exponen los beneficios ambientales de la implementación de este tipo de mezclas, planteando que el uso de estas tecnologías ayuda a disminuir las emisiones de gases de efecto invernadero y gases de combustión, y que contribuye a la disminución del agotamiento de los recursos finitos, debido a que este tipo de mezclas asfálticas se fabrican y se compactan a menores temperaturas. También se reduce el consumo de asfaltos manufacturados, productos de la destilación del petróleo.

Serum tryptase monitoring in indolent systemic mastocytosis: association with disease features and patient outcome

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License.-- et al.[Background]: Serum baseline tryptase (sBT) is a minor diagnostic criterion for systemic mastocytosis (SM) of undetermined prognostic impact. We monitored sBT levels in indolent SM (ISM) patients and investigated its utility for predicting disease behaviour and outcome. [Methods]: In total 74 adult ISM patients who were followed for ≥48 months and received no cytoreductive therapy were retrospectively studied. Patients were classified according to the pattern of evolution of sBT observed. [Results]: Overall 16/74 (22%) cases had decreasing sBT levels, 48 (65%) patients showed increasing sBT levels and 10 (13%) patients showed a fluctuating pattern. Patients with significantly increasing sBT (sBT slope ≥0.15) after 48 months of follow-up showed a slightly greater rate of development of diffuse bone sclerosis (13% vs. 2%) and hepatomegaly plus splenomegaly (16% vs. 5%), as well as a significantly greater frequency of multilineage vs. mast cells (MC)-restricted KIT mutation (p = 0.01) together with a greater frequency of cases with progression of ISM to smouldering and aggressive SM (p = 0.03), and a shorter progression-free survival (p = 0.03). [Conclusions]: Monitoring of sBT in ISM patients is closely associated with poor prognosis disease features as well as with disease progression, pointing out the need for a closer follow-up in ISM patients with progressively increasing sBT values.This work was supported by grants from the Fondo de Investigaciones Sanitarias (FIS) of the Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación of Spain (RETICS RD06/0020/0035-FEDER and PS09/00032); Fundación Sociosanitaria de Castilla-La Mancha (FISCAM 2007/36, FISCAM 2010/008 and G-2010/C-002); Instituto de Salud Carlos III of the Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad of Spain (PI11/02399); Junta de Castilla y León (SAN/103/2011); Fundación Ramón Areces; Fundación Española de Mastocitosis (FEM 2010); Hospital Virgen de la Salud Biobank (BioB-HVS) supported by grant of RETICS RD09/0076/00074, (Toledo, Spain).Peer Reviewe

Sudestada1, a Drosophila ribosomal prolyl-hydroxylase required for mRNA translation, cell homeostasis, and organ growth

Genome sequences predict the presence of many 2-oxoglutarate (2OG)-dependent oxygenases of unknown biochemical and biological functions in Drosophila. Ribosomal protein hydroxylation is emerging as an important 2OG oxygenase catalyzed pathway, but its biological functions are unclear. We report investigations on the function of Sudestada1 (Sud1), a Drosophila ribosomal oxygenase. As with its human and yeast homologs, OGFOD1 and Tpa1p, respectively, we identified Sud1 to catalyze prolyl-hydroxylation of the small ribosomal subunit protein RPS23. Like OGFOD1, Sud1 catalyzes a single prolyl-hydroxylation of RPS23 in contrast to yeast Tpa1p, where Pro-64 dihydroxylation is observed. RNAi-mediated Sud1 knockdown hinders normal growth in different Drosophila tissues. Growth impairment originates from both reduction of cell size and diminution of the number of cells and correlates with impaired translation efficiency and activation of the unfolded protein response in the endoplasmic reticulum. This is accompanied by phosphorylation of eIF2α and concomitant formation of stress granules, as well as promotion of autophagy and apoptosis. These observations, together with those on enzyme homologs described in the companion articles, reveal conserved biochemical and biological roles for a widely distributed ribosomal oxygenase.Fil: Katz, Maximiliano Javier. Fundación Instituto Leloir; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquimicas de Buenos Aires; ArgentinaFil: Acevedo, Julieta Maria. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquimicas de Buenos Aires; Argentina. Fundación Instituto Leloir; ArgentinaFil: Loenarz, Christoph. University of Oxford; Reino UnidoFil: Galagovsky, Diego. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquimicas de Buenos Aires; Argentina. Fundación Instituto Leloir; ArgentinaFil: Liu Yi, Phebee. University Of Oxford; Reino UnidoFil: Pérez, Marcelo. Fundación Instituto Leloir; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquimicas de Buenos Aires; ArgentinaFil: Thalhammer, Armin. University of Oxford; Reino UnidoFil: Sekirnik, Rok. University Of Oxford; Reino UnidoFil: Ge, Wei. University of Oxford; Reino UnidoFil: Melani, Mariana. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquimicas de Buenos Aires; Argentina. Fundación Instituto Leloir; ArgentinaFil: Thomas, Maria Gabriela. Fundación Instituto Leloir; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquimicas de Buenos Aires; ArgentinaFil: Simonetta, Sergio Hernan. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquimicas de Buenos Aires; Argentina. Fundación Instituto Leloir; ArgentinaFil: Boccaccio, Graciela Lidia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquimicas de Buenos Aires; Argentina. Fundación Instituto Leloir; Argentina. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Departamento de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Celular; ArgentinaFil: Schofield, Christoper J. University of Oxford; Reino UnidoFil: Cockman, Matthew E. University of Oxford; Reino UnidoFil: Ratcliffe, Peter J. University of Oxford; Reino UnidoFil: Wappner, Pablo. Fundación Instituto Leloir; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquimicas de Buenos Aires; Argentina. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Departamento de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Celular; Argentin

Sudestada1, a Drosophila ribosomal prolyl-hydroxylase required for mRNA translation, cell homeostasis, and organ growth

Genome sequences predict the presence of many 2-oxoglutarate (2OG)-dependent oxygenases of unknown biochemical and biological functions in Drosophila. Ribosomal protein hydroxylation is emerging as an important 2OG oxygenase catalyzed pathway, but its biological functions are unclear. We report investigations on the function of Sudestada1 (Sud1), a Drosophila ribosomal oxygenase. As with its human and yeast homologs, OGFOD1 and Tpa1p, respectively, we identified Sud1 to catalyze prolyl-hydroxylation of the small ribosomal subunit protein RPS23. Like OGFOD1, Sud1 catalyzes a single prolyl-hydroxylation of RPS23 in contrast to yeast Tpa1p, where Pro-64 dihydroxylation is observed. RNAi-mediated Sud1 knockdown hinders normal growth in different Drosophila tissues. Growth impairment originates from both reduction of cell size and diminution of the number of cells and correlates with impaired translation efficiency and activation of the unfolded protein response in the endoplasmic reticulum. This is accompanied by phosphorylation of eIF2α and concomitant formation of stress granules, as well as promotion of autophagy and apoptosis. These observations, together with those on enzyme homologs described in the companion articles, reveal conserved biochemical and biological roles for a widely distributed ribosomal oxygenase.Fil: Katz, Maximiliano Javier. Fundación Instituto Leloir; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquimicas de Buenos Aires; ArgentinaFil: Acevedo, Julieta Maria. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquimicas de Buenos Aires; Argentina. Fundación Instituto Leloir; ArgentinaFil: Loenarz, Christoph. University of Oxford; Reino UnidoFil: Galagovsky, Diego. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquimicas de Buenos Aires; Argentina. Fundación Instituto Leloir; ArgentinaFil: Liu Yi, Phebee. University Of Oxford; Reino UnidoFil: Pérez, Marcelo. Fundación Instituto Leloir; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquimicas de Buenos Aires; ArgentinaFil: Thalhammer, Armin. University of Oxford; Reino UnidoFil: Sekirnik, Rok. University Of Oxford; Reino UnidoFil: Ge, Wei. University of Oxford; Reino UnidoFil: Melani, Mariana. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquimicas de Buenos Aires; Argentina. Fundación Instituto Leloir; ArgentinaFil: Thomas, Maria Gabriela. Fundación Instituto Leloir; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquimicas de Buenos Aires; ArgentinaFil: Simonetta, Sergio Hernan. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquimicas de Buenos Aires; Argentina. Fundación Instituto Leloir; ArgentinaFil: Boccaccio, Graciela Lidia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquimicas de Buenos Aires; Argentina. Fundación Instituto Leloir; Argentina. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Departamento de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Celular; ArgentinaFil: Schofield, Christoper J. University of Oxford; Reino UnidoFil: Cockman, Matthew E. University of Oxford; Reino UnidoFil: Ratcliffe, Peter J. University of Oxford; Reino UnidoFil: Wappner, Pablo. Fundación Instituto Leloir; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquimicas de Buenos Aires; Argentina. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Departamento de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Celular; Argentin

Altered innate immune profile in blood of systemic mastocytosis patients

[Background]: Mast cells (MC) from systemic mastocytosis (SM) patients release MC mediators that lead to an altered microenvironment with potential consequences on innate immune cells, such as monocytes and dendritic cells (DC). Here we investigated the distribution and functional behaviour of different populations of blood monocytes and DC among distinct diagnostic subtypes of SM. [Methods]: Overall, we studied 115 SM patients - 45 bone marrow mastocytosis (BMM), 61 indolent SM (ISM), 9 aggressive SM (ASM)- and 32 healthy donors (HD). Spontaneous and in vitro-stimulated cytokine production by blood monocytes, and their plasma levels, together with the distribution of different subsets of blood monocytes and DCs, were investigated. [Results]: SM patients showed increased plasma levels and spontaneous production by blood monocytes of IL1β, IL6, IL8, TNFα and IL10, associated with an exhausted ability of LPS + IFNγ-stimulated blood monocytes to produce IL1β and TGFβ. SM (particularly ISM) patients also showed decreased counts of total monocytes, at the expense of intermediate monocytes and non-classical monocytes. Interestingly, while ISM and ASM patients had decreased numbers of plasmacytoid DC and myeloid DC (and their major subsets) in blood, an expansion of AXL+ DC was specifically encountered in BMM cases. [Conclusion]: These results demonstrate an altered distribution of blood monocytes and DC subsets in SM associated with constitutive activation of functionally impaired blood monocytes and increased plasma levels of a wide variety of inflammatory cytokines, reflecting broad activation of the innate immune response in mastocytosis.This study has been funded by Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII) (grant number PI19/01166; and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer [CIBERONC] programme, grant number CB16/12/00400) and co-funded by the European Union (EU). We thank the support of the Spanish National DNA Bank Carlos III (www.bancoadn.org; biobank ID B.0000716; supported by ISCIII and co-founded by EU [grant number PT20/00085]) for providing plasma samples. APP was supported by a grant of the Government of Castilla y León (Orden EDU/556/2019), Spain; co-financed with the “European Regional Development Fund” (BDNS, Identif.:422058). We thank the support of the Spanish Association of Mastocytosis and Related Diseases

Evaluation of the WHO criteria for the classification of patients with mastocytosis

Diagnosis and classification of mastocytosis is currently based on the World Health Organization (WHO) criteria. Here, we evaluate the utility of the WHO criteria for the diagnosis and classification of a large series of mastocytosis patients (n=133), and propose a new algorithm that could be routinely applied for refined diagnosis and classification of the disease. Our results confirm the utility of the WHO criteria and provide evidence for the need of additional information for (1) a more precise diagnosis of mastocytosis, (2) specific identification of new forms of the disease, (3) the differential diagnosis between cutaneous mastocytosis vs systemic mastocytosis, and (4) improved distinction between indolent systemic mastocytosis and aggressive systemic mastocytosis. Based on our results, a new algorithm is proposed for a better diagnostic definition and prognostic classification of mastocytosis, as confirmed prospectively in an independent validation series of 117 mastocytosis patients.This work was supported by grants from the Fondo de Investigaciones Sanitarias (FIS) of the Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación of Spain (PS09/00032 and RETICS RD06/0020/0035-FEDER); Junta de Comunidades de Castilla La Mancha (FISCAM 2007/36, FISCAM 2008/46). Junta de Castilla y León (Grant SAN1778/2009 and GR37); ACG-M is supported by a grant from FIS/FEDER (CP03/00035); CT was supported by a grant from the Fundaçcâo para a Ciência e Tecnologia (FCT) of Portugal (SFRH/BD/ 17545/2004) and by a grant from the Fondo de Investigaciones Sanitarias (FIS) of the Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación of Spain (PI08/90881).Peer Reviewe

Influence of maternal and social factors as predictors of low birth weight in Italy

Abstract Background The purpose of this study is to provide insight into the determinants of low birth weight (LBW) in Italy. Methods The study was carried out in a non-teaching hospital in Catanzaro (Italy). All LBW and very LBW newborns (200) were included in the study and a random sample of 400 newborns weighing ≥ 2500 g was selected. Data were collected from the delivery certificates during one year. Smoking activity of mother and familiar and/or social support during pregnancy was gathered through telephone interviews. Results Overall annual LBW rate was 11.8%. Among LBW newborn there were 125 preterm and 75 term. Younger mothers, those who smoked during pregnancy, and had fewer prenatal care visits were more likely to deliver a LBW child; moreover, preterm newborns, delivered by caesarean section, and twin or multiple birth were significantly more likely to have a LBW. The comparison of very LBW ( Conclusion Several modifiable factors affect the risk of LBW, even when universal access to health care is freely available, but socio-economic status appears to correlate only to very LBW.</p

Communication in health practices: integrative literature review

Objectivethis study aims to describe the main thematic axes explored in the communication field in health practices in the scenarios of the Unified Health System (SUS). Methodintegrative literature review conducted by means of search for articles in the databases Latin American Literature on Health Sciences (LILACS), International Literature on Health Sciences (MedLine), and Science Direct, using the descriptors: health communication or communication. A crossing of the descriptors communication and health education was provided. Resultfour themes were constructed: 1) communication to establish relationships between health professionals and users; 2) (in)communication: barriers to the communicative act, 3) communication and health professional education; and 4) communicative health models: search for the dialogic model. Conclusionby understanding dialogic communication, which must be observed in communication, the new requirements posed by the legalization of SUS have shown weaknesses of the single-line and vertical communication model and the need to provide health professionals, since the undergraduate course, with knowledge that enable dialogic communication practices. The challenge of reflective and participatory experiences in the various health care settings still remains, in order to promote a sharing of knowledge that leads to understanding between the interlocutors involved in the communicative act.Objetivoeste artigo tem por objetivo descrever os principais eixos temáticos explorados no campo da comunicação nas práticas em saúde nos cenários do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS). Métodorevisão integrativa da literatura realizada a partir da busca de artigos nas bases de dados Literatura Latino-Americana em Ciências da Saúde (Lilacs), Literatura Internacional em Ciências da Saúde (MedLine) e Science Direct, utilizando os descritores: comunicação em saúde ou comunicação. Procedeu-se ao cruzamento dos descritores comunicação e educação em saúde. Resultadoforam construídas quatro temáticas: 1) a comunicação no estabelecimento de relações entre profissionais da saúde e usuários; 2) (des)comunicação: barreiras ao ato comunicativo; 3) comunicação e formação do profissional da saúde; e 4) modelos comunicativos em saúde: a busca pelo modelo dialógico. Conclusãoa partir do entendimento da comunicação dialógica, que deve estar presente na comunicação, as novas demandas da legalização do SUS vêm mostrando fragilidades do modelo unilinear e verticalizado de comunicação e a necessidade de instrumentalizar os profissionais da saúde, desde a graduação, com saberes que proporcionem práticas comunicativas dialógicas. Persiste o desafio de vivências reflexivas e participativas nos vários cenários de assistência à saúde, de forma a promover um compartilhamento de saberes que conduza ao entendimento entre os interlocutores envolvidos no ato comunicativo.Universidade Federal de PernambucoUniversidade Federal de Pernambuco Departamento de FonoaudiologiaUniversidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP) Centro de Desenvolvimento do Ensino Superior em SaúdeUniversidade Federal de Pernambuco Departamento de EnfermagemUNIFESP, Centro de Desenvolvimento do Ensino Superior em SaúdeSciEL