›Paulus und Thekla II‹ oder ›Die guldin regel‹ - (Pseudo-)Biographie eines Beichtigers

This article deals with a dialogue tract, surviving in one manuscript from 1469, that teaches a female penitent seven golden rules of exemplary piety; a contemporary short version of them is published here. The catechetic programme of the tract is embedded in the biography of a prototypical Dominican father confessor and makes use of the apocryphal legend of Saint Paul and Thecla as a biographical model. The anonymous author also bases his text on a certain type of mystical autobiography and, possibly, the Legend of Meister Eckhart's Daughter. Much as the text appears to allude to real figures of the Dominican Order, its historical truth cannot be confirme

Modelling Methods for the Highly Dispersive Slinky Spring: A Novel Musical Toy

ABSTRACT The 'Slinky' spring is a popular and beloved toy for many children. Like its smaller relatives, used in spring reverberation units, it can produce interesting sonic behaviors. We explore the behavior of the 'Slinky' spring via measurement, and discover that its sonic characteristics are notably different to those of smaller springs. We discuss methods of modeling the behavior of a Slinky via the use of finite-difference techniques and digital waveguides. We then apply these models in different structures to build a number of interesting tools for computer-based music production

Noiseless Gravitational Lensing Simulations

The microphysical properties of the DM particle can, in principle, be constrained by the properties and abundance of substructures in DM halos, as measured through strong gravitational lensing. Unfortunately, there is a lack of accurate theoretical predictions for the lensing signal of substructures, mainly because of the discreteness noise inherent to N-body simulations. Here we present Recursive-TCM, a method that is able to provide lensing predictions with an arbitrarily low discreteness noise, without any free parameters or smoothing scale. This solution is based on a novel way of interpreting the results of N-body simulations, where particles simply trace the evolution and distortion of Lagrangian phase-space volume elements. We discuss the advantages of this method over the widely used cloud-in-cells and adaptive-kernel smoothing density estimators. Applying the new method to a cluster-sized DM halo simulated in warm and cold DM scenarios, we show how the expected differences in their substructure population translate into differences in the convergence and magnification maps. We anticipate that our method will provide the high-precision theoretical predictions required to interpret and fully exploit strong gravitational lensing observations.Comment: 13 pages, 13 figures. Updated fig 12, references adde

Dispositifs électro-optiques à base de titanate de baryum épitaxié sur silicium pour la photonique intégrée

A novel concept of utilizing electro-optical active oxides in silicon photonic devices is developed and realized in the frame of this thesis. The integration of such oxides extends the silicon photonics platform by non-linear materials, which can be used for ultra-fast switching or low-power tuning applications. Barium titanate is used as active material as it shows one of the strongest Pockels coefficients among all oxides. Three major goals are achieved throughout this work: First, thin films of BaTiO3 are epitaxially grown on silicon substrates via molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) using thin SrTiO3 buffer layers. A shuttered co-deposition growth technique is developed in order to minimize the formation of defects in the BaTiO3 films by achieving a 1:1 stoichiometry between barium and titanium. The layers show a tetragonal symmetry and are therefore well-suited for electro-optical applications. The orientation of the long c -axis of the BaTiO3 crystal can be tuned to point perpendicular or parallel to the film surface, depending on the growth conditions. In addition, thin MBE-grown seed layers are combined with rf-sputter deposition. With this hybrid growth approach, rather thick ( > 100 nm), epitaxial BaTiO3 layers on silicon substrates are obtained with a commercially available, wide spread deposition technique. As a second goal, a strong Pockels coefficient of reff = 148 pm/V is determined in the epitaxial BaTiO3 films. This first experimental result on the electro-optical activity of BaTiO3 layers on silicon shows a clear enhancement compared to alternative non-linear materials such as lithium niobate with reff = 31 pm/V. By means of the electro-optical characterization method, also the presence of ferroelectricity in the films is demonstrated. Third, the electro-optical active BaTiO3 layers are embedded into silicon photonic devices. For this purpose, a horizontal slot-waveguide structure with a ~50 nm-thick BaTiO3 film sandwiched between two silicon layers is designed. With this design, the optical confinement in the active BaTiO3 layer is enhanced by a factor of 5 compared to Si-waveguide structures with a standard cross section and BaTiO3 as cladding. Straight BaTiO3 slot-waveguides with propagation losses of 50 − 100 dB/cm as well as functional passive devices such as Mach-Zehnder-interferometers, couplers, and ring resonators are experimentally realized. Additionally, first active ring resonators with Q-factors of Q~5000 are fabricated. The physical origin of the observed resonance shift as a function of the applied bias voltage, however, can not be conclusively clarified in the present work. The combination of high-quality, functional BaTiO3 layers with silicon photonic devices as demonstrated in this thesis offers new opportunities by extending the design palette for engineering photonic circuits with the class of electro-opticalactive materials. The integration of oxides such as BaTiO3 enables novel device concepts for tuning, switching, and modulating light in extremely dense photonic circuits. The integration also opens exciting challenges for material scientists to tailor the electro-optical properties of those oxides by strain engineering or fabrication of superlattice structures, which could ultimately lead to another boost of their electro-optical properties.En premier lieu, des couches minces épitaxiales ont été obtenues sur des substrats de silicium grâce à l’utilisation de l’épitaxie par jets moléculaire et de couches tampons de titanate de strontium SrTiO3. Une technique de croissance par co-déposition a été développée de manière à obtenir un rapport Ba:Ti proche de la stoechiométrie, et ce afin d’éviter la formation de défauts cristallins dans la couche de BaTiO3. Le matériau déposé cristallise dans une structure de symétrie quadratique, ce qui est unpré-requis pour l’obtention de propriétés électro-optiques. De plus, selon les conditions de croissance, l’axe c de la maille élémentaire quadratique a pu être ajusté de manière à être aligné parallèlement ou perpendiculairement à la surface du substrat. L’utilisation d’une mince couche tampon de nucléation a également permis de croitre des films mincesBaTiO3 épitaxiées par pulvérisation, technique largement répandue en milieu industriel.Un coefficient de Pockels élevé a par la suite été obtenu sur de tellescouches épitaxiées. La valeur mesurée de 148pmV est clairement supérieure aux valeurs admises dans la littérature pour d’autres matériaux nonlinéairestels que le niobate de lithium, pour lequel un coefficient de31pmV est rapporté. La méthode de caractérisation électro-optique développée à cette occasion révèle également le caractère ferroélectrique des couches de BaTiO3, observé pour la première fois dans de tels matériaux épitaxiés sur silicium.Finalement, ces couches minces électro-optiquement actives ont été intégrées dans des dispositifs photoniques sur silicium. Dans cette optique,une structure de guide d’onde à fente a été utilisée en insérant 50nm deBaTiO3 entre deux couches de silicium. Dans ce type de structure, le confine mentoptique est 5 fois supérieur à celui obtenu pour des guides d’onde en silicium avec une gaine à base de BaTiO3. Des guides d’ondes rectilignesont tout d’abord été fabriqués, pour lesquels des pertes optiques del’ordre de 50−100 dB/cm ont été mesurées. Par la suite, des composants passifs fonctionnels ont été fabriqués, tels que des interféromètres typeMach-Zehnder, des résonateurs circulaires et des coupleurs. Finalement,la fonctionnalité de composants actifs a été démontrée pour la première fois, en se basant notamment sur des résonateurs ayant un facteur de qualité Q d’environ 5000, et pour lequel la résonance varie en fonction du champ électrique transverse. L’origine physique de cette variation n’a cependant pas pu être expliquée sur la seule base de l’effet Pockels. Cette thèse démontre que l’utilisation de nouveaux matériaux électro optiquement actifs au coeur de dispositifs photoniques sur silicium créede nouvelles opportunités pour la conception et l’ingénierie de circuitsphotoniques. L’intégration d’oxydes tels que barium titanate permet d’envisager de nouveaux concepts de dispositifs pour ajuster, moduler ou commuter la lumière au sein de circuits photoniques denses. De nouveaux défis et perspectives s’ouvrent également aux scientifiques pour modifier artificiellement les propriétés électro-optiques de ces matériaux, que ce soit par contrainte, dopage ou par l’ingénierie de multicouches. De telles avancées pourront sans aucun doute fortement améliorer les performances des dispositifs

Prozesse narrativer Verdichtung in Alexanders von Roes ›Pavo‹ und in den Ausformungen des literarischen Stoffes vom ›schlafenden Ritter‹

Semantische Emphase, Kongruenz von Erzähler- und Figurenhaltung und Ikonizität sind (einige) Verfahren der narrativen Verdichtung (formal und inhaltlich) von literarischen Texten und bewirken, dass diese Texte an Prägnanz gewinnen. Diese Verfahren zeichnen sich dadurch aus, dass sie kulturell verankerte Konno­ta­tionen, die sich mit Dingen und Lebewesen der (außer)literarischen Wirklichkeit verbinden, gezielt abrufen. Sie lassen zudem Erzähler und Figuren, discours und histoire, mit einer gemeinsamen ›Stimme‹ sprechen und übertragen erzählzeitlich voranschreitende Handlung punktuell in die Simultaneität des Bildes. Diese Pro­zesse narrativer Verdichtung lassen sich an ausgewählten Beispieltexten (12. und 13. Jahrhundert) der europäischen Erzähltradition aufzeigen: Alexanders von Roes lateinischer ›Pavo‹, das altfranzösische Fabliau ›Le chevalier qui recovra l’amor de sa dame‹ und der mittelhochdeutsche ›Mauritius von Craûn‹

The investigation of the production environment factors through the prism of the game process

У сучасному світі широко використовується гейміфікація, як один з найбільш ефективних підходів в навчанні. Гейміфікація застосовується з метою залучення користувачів, підвищення їхньої зацікавленості у вирішенні прикладних завдань. Однією з найбільш ефективних методик виступає ділова гра. У процесі її моделювання визначається проблемна ситуація, і мета гри полягає в пошуку шляхів її вирішення. Ділові ігри застосовуються як в освітній, так і діловій сферах. Важливе значення ділових ігор полягає також в тому, що вони сприяють встановленню відносин співробітництва викладача і студентів, обумовлюють формування позитивного емоційно-психологічного клімату на заняттях. Розроблена і впроваджена в навчальний процес робота "Office Explorer" - це візуальний інструмент у вивченні впливу факторів виробничого середовища і трудового процесу на стан здоров'я людини і навколишнього середовища. Створена така універсальна програма, яка в ігровій формі доступно, не нав'язливо донесе інформацію до студента, заставить проаналізувати, засвоїти, зробити правильні висновки, обрати необхідні засоби і заходи захисту від впливу шкідливих чинників виробничого середовища і трудового процесу. Програма "Office Explorer" об'єднала в собі всі ці вимоги до комп'ютерних лабораторних робіт і стала незамінним інструментом в засвоєнні знань і практичних навичок з дисциплін "Безпека життєдіяльності" та "Основ охорони праці". Реалізований підхід є найсучаснішим рішенням висвітленої проблеми сучасних заходів навчання та оцінювання знань студентів ВНЗ. Використання цього підходу дозволяє автоматизувати навчальний процес, а також готує майбутнього спеціаліста до умов вирішення реальних проблем. Використання подібних робіт при різних формах навчання дуже важливо і необхідно в сучасних умовах.In the modern world, gaming is widely used as one of the most effective approaches in the teaching. Gaming is used to attract users, increase their interest in solving applied problems. One of the most effective techniques is the business game. In the process of its simulation, the problem situation is determined, and the purpose of the game is to find ways to solve it. Business games are applied both in educational and business spheres. The importance of business games is also that they contribute to the establishment of relations between the teacher and students, which determine the formation of a positive emotional and psychological climate in the classes. The "Office Explorer" work developed and implemented in the educational process is a visual tool in studying the influence of the working environment factors and the working process on the condition of human health and the environment. The Office Explorer program combines all these requirements with computer labs and has become an indispensable tool in acquiring knowledge and practical skills in the disciplines "Security of Life" and "Fundamentals of Occupational Safety". The implemented approach is the most up-to-date solution of the illuminated problem of modern educational measures and assessment of students' knowledge of universities. Using this approach allows you to automate the learning process, as well as prepare a future specialist for the conditions for solving real problems. The using of such works in various forms of training is very important and necessary in the modern conditions

Acute effects of a single unilateral balance training session on ipsi- and contralateral balance performance in healthy young adults

Objective While there is evidence on the short-term effects of unilateral balance training (BT) on bipedal balance performance, less is known on the acute effects of unilateral BT on unilateral (i.e., ipsi- and contralateral) balance performance. Thus, the present study examined the acute effects of a single unilateral BT session conducted with the non-dominant, left leg or the dominant, right leg on ipsilateral (i.e. retention) and contralateral (i.e., inter-limb transfer) balance performance in healthy young adults (N = 28). Results Irrespective of practice condition, significant improvements (p < 0.001, d = 1.27) in balance performance following a single session of unilateral BT were observed for both legs. Further, significant performance differences at the pretest (p = 0.002, d = 0.44) to the detriment of the non-dominant, left leg diminished immediately and 30 min after the single unilateral BT session but occurred again 24 h following training (p = 0.030, d = 0.36). These findings indicate that a single session of unilateral BT is effective to reduced side-to-side differences in balance performance, but this impact is only temporary

State of Breeding Research in the "Göttinger Winter Bean Population" (Vicia faba L.)

Conclusions: Out-crossing rates of the population of winter beans is relatively high compared to the summer beans at Göttingen (58% in 1989, and 50,3 in 1990; Link et al. 1994