Detection of mine roof failure using inexpensive LiDAR technology

Slope, Roof, and mine wall stability problems are some of the main reasons for deaths at U.S. surface or underground mining. The safety instruments were not enough to prevent that failure or even predict it before it occurs. However, the cost of such a tool that can be helpful in detecting roof failures is very high and not reachable in most instances. The present study investigates the feasibility of using the M16 Leddar Evaluation Kit to detect the roof failure in mines. The M16 Leddar Evaluation kit cost is between 300$-800$, so it is the reachable price if it provides the required safety in mines. In fact, the underground mines have many openings, so the needs for instruments that can be distributed in all tunnels and safe all workers are urgent. The Leica Scan Station P40-3D Laser Scanner costs $123915.00, so in mine industry, it is not worthy to establish the mining with such high cost like that. Buying one unit of the Leica ScanStation P40-3D Laser Scanner to provide the safety and minimize the expenses in the mining industry is not a practical idea which is providing safety to some of the workers in one tunnel spot and neglect the others. Steel movement plate has been built and attached to a linear actuator that can move with a resolution around 0.00375 mm per step and stroke 50 mm in order to simulate the roof failures in mines. It is not possible to try the M16 in real mine due to the time limits and absence of not unstable mines locally, besides the intention that the author has to start with an office environment. The M16 Leddar Evaluation kit is aimed directly to movement plate and collecting the deformation derived by the actuator. The results collected has many of anomalies and irregular data that can be eliminated by doing some of the statistical identification of outliers. The results show that the M16 Leddar evaluation kit is capable of detecting the movement plate profile with a precision between 0.1 mm and 3 mm per integration period --Abstract, page iii

Resilience of modern power distribution networks with active coordination of EVs and smart restoration

Abstract In this modern era of cyber–physical–social systems, there is a need of dynamic coordination strategies for electric vehicles (EVs) to enhance the resilience of modern power distribution networks (MPDNs). This paper proposes a two‐stage EV coordination framework for MPDN smart restoration. The first stage is to introduce a novel proactive EV prepositioning model to optimize planning prior to a rare event, and thereby enhance the MPDN survivability in its immediate aftermath. The second stage involves creating an advanced spatial–temporal EV dispatch model to maximize the number of available EVs for discharging, thereby improving the MPDN recovery after a rare event. The proposed framework also includes an information system to further enhance MPDN resilience by effectively organizing data exchange among intelligent transportation system and smart charging system, and EV users. In addition, a novel bidirectional geographic graph is proposed to optimize travel plans, covering a large penetration of EVs and considering variations in traffic conditions. The effectiveness is assessed on a modified IEEE 123‐node test feeder with real‐world transportation and charging infrastructure. The results demonstrate a significant improvement in MPDN resilience with smart restoration strategies. The validation and sensitivity analyses evidence a significant superiority of the proposed framework

Visible light communication using new Flip-FBMC modulation system technique

Filter bank multi-carrier (FBMC) modulation in the visible light communication (VLC) system is one of the most promising modulation systems in optical wireless communications (OWC), especially in 5G and 6G future applications. FBMC has a wide bandwidth compared to other modulation systems. One of the highest degree essential conditions for utilising the signal in VLC is that the signal is real positive, the signal is agreeable with intensity modulation/direct detection (IM/DD), where Hermitian symmetry (H.S) is utilised to get a real signal (RE) and to be unipolar direct current (DC)-bias is used. Here the challenge arises as this method increases complicating, due to the modulation of the N number of frequency symbols, these symbols need 2N inverse fast fourier transform (IFFT) and fast fourier transform (FFT), in addition to energy consumption. This research focused on the time domain and not the frequency domain by using the traditional complex FBMC generation signal, and to obtain the RE signal by placing the RE signal side by side with the imaginary signal (IMs) in a row, and then using new Flip-FBMC technology, which saves more energy. The proposed technologies provide approximately 57% of the number of IFFT/FFT. The use of Flip-FBMC technology consumes less energy than traditional technologies with better bit error rate (BER) performance

Analysis of Local Community Ecological Knowledge on Mangrove Ecotourism Development in Talaga Yenelo, Sagea Village, North Weda District Central Halmahera District

Local ecological knowledge is knowledge and beliefs that are largely derived from observations of the ecological processes of resources in the surrounding area and the various factors that influence them based on the logical interpretation of local communities. Local ecological knowledge has an important role in informing sound spatial, spatial and temporal management approaches for marine spatial planning. The aim of this research is to identify the ecological knowledge of local communities regarding the mangrove ecosystem and 2) Community perceptions regarding the management of mangrove ecotourism in Talaga Yenelo in Sagea Village and 3). The level of perception of local communities regarding Ecotourism activities. The method used in this research is determining the sample in this research using a purposive sampling method, namely respondents who participate are deliberately selected by researchers according to the criteria of research respondents. To determine people's knowledge and perceptions, it is based on a Likert scale assessment system and multiple linear regression analysis to see the influence of several independent variables on one dependent variable. The research results show that the people of Sagea and Kiya villages have better knowledge of the local ecology of mangrove forests, especially mangrove habitat, factors of mangrove damage and the impact of mangrove damage compared to the function of mangroves. with the level of utilization of the mangrove ecosystem in the villages of Sagea and Kiya varying greatly. While understanding of mangrove ecotourism activities is very minimal, they agree with the ecotourism activities carried out. Therefore, there is a need for follow-up action from the government regarding mangrove forest management based on the mangrove forest environment

Learning Transformation: The Impact of Problem Based Learning with Mind Mapping on Learning Outcomes in Environmental Conservation Lesson

Schools should introduce environmental conservation and change awareness centered on local issues, encouraging students to share their insights and perspectives. For this reason, this study aims to determine the effect of applying the problem-based learning model assisted by mind mapping on student learning outcomes in environmental conservation lesson. This study used a quasi-experimental design with the Pretest-Posttest Non-Equivalent Control Group Design consisting of control and experimental classes. The research population was all class X SMA Negeri 3 Banda Aceh students. Furthermore, purposive sampling produced a sample consisting of four classes with a total of 121 students. The learning outcomes data were obtained from the test instrument using 30 multiple-choice questions. Data analysis was performed using the Mann-Whitney test with a significance level 0.05. The data analysis results show that applying the problem-based learning model assisted by mind mapping has a significant effect on learning outcomes with a significance value of p < 0.05 (0.000 < 0.05). Thus, applying the problem-based learning model assisted by mind mapping positively affects learning outcomes. The results of this study provide information that problem-based learning assisted by mind mapping can be applied to conservation-based lessons

PENGEMBANGAN LEMBAR KERJA PESERTA DIDIK BERBASIS MULTI REPRESENTASI PADA PESERTA DIDIK KELAS XI SMAN 1

Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui hasil validasi, keterlaksanaan, respon peserta didik, respon guru, dan efektivitas Lembar Kerja Peserta Didik (LKPD) berbasis multi representasi pada peserta didik kelas XI SMAN 1 Gowa. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian pengembangan dengan model 4D (Define, Design, Develop, dan Dessiminate). Instrumen yang digunakan yaitu angket validasi, mengukur kepraktisan dengan melihat keterlaksanaan dengan lembar pengamatan, respon guru dan respon peserta didik dengan angket, dan keefektifan dilihat dari hasil belajar peserta didik dengan tes. Hasil yang diperoleh yaitu (1) LKPD valid dengan nilai konsistensi internal sebesar 0,93. (2) Hasil keterlaksanaan LKPD dalam pembelajaran yaitu terlaksana seluruhnya sebesar 73,61%. (3) Respon peserta didik positif terhadap LKPD dimana respon sangat setuju sebesar 46,22%. (4) Respon guru fisika positif untuk LKPD yaitu sangat setuju sebesar 75%. (5) LKPD efektif ditinjau dari hasil belajar peserta didik

Multi -Layer Based Data Aggregation Algorithm for Convergence Platform of IoT and Cloud Computing

Sensor Networks (SN) are deployed in smart domain to sense the environment which is essential to provide the services according to the users need. Hundreds or sometimes thousands of sensors are involved in sensor networks for monitoring the target phenomenon. Large scale of sensory data have to be handle by the sensor network which create several problems such as waste of sensors energy, data redundancy. To overcome these deficiencies one most practice solution is data aggregation which can effectively decrease the massive amount of data generated in SNs by lessening occurrence in the sensing data. The aim of this method is to lessen the massive use of data generated by surrounding nodes, thus saving network energy and providing valuable information for the end user. The effectiveness of any data aggregation technique is largely dependent on topology of the network. Among the various network topologies clustering is preferred as it provides better controllability, scalability and network maintenance phenomenon. In this research, a data aggregation technique is proposed based on Periodic Sensor Network (PSN) which achieved aggregation of data at two layers: the sensor nodes layer and the cluster head layer. In sensor node layer set similarity function is used for checking the redundant data for each sensor node whereas Euclidean distance function is utilized in cluster head layer for discarding the redundancy of data between different sensor nodes. This aggregation technique is implemented in smart home where sensor network is deployed to capture environment related information (temperature, moisture, light, H2 level). Collected information is analyzed using ThinkSpeak cloud platform. For performance evaluation amount of aggregated data, number of pairs of redundant data, energy consumption, data latency, and data accuracy are analyzed and compared with the other state-of-art techniques. The result shows the important improvement of the performance of sensor networks

Production, Competition Indices, and Nutritive Values of Setaria Splendida, Centrosema Pubescens, and Clitoria Ternatea in Mixed Cropping Systems in Peatland

This research was conducted to evaluate production, different competition indices and nutritive value of Setaria splendida, Centrosema pubescens, and Clitoria ternatea in monoculture and mix cropping system on peat soil land. The experiment was set up in a randomized complete block design with five treatments and three replications. The five treatments were: S. splendida sole cropping (SS), C. pubescens sole cropping (CP), C. ternatea sole cropping (CT), S. splendida and C. pubescens mix cropping (SS/CP) and S. splendida/C. ternatea mix cropping (SS/CT). The DM yield of S. splendida in mixed cropping with C. pubescens increased 43.4% and in mix cropping with C. ternatea increased 15.7% compared to sole S. splendida. The value of land equivalent ratio of SS/CP (LERSS/CP) was >1. The LERSS/CT value was <1. The crowding coefficient value of S. splendida (KSS) was higher than KCP and KCT. The total value of KSS/CP and KSS/CT were >1. The competition ratio (CR) values of S. splendida in both mix cropping were >1. The agressivity (A) values of S. splendida in both mix cropping were positive. The crude protein, NDF and ADF content of forage were not affected by mix cropping system. In conclusion, mix cropping in peatland do not affect productivity and nutritive value of S. splendida, C. pubescens, and C. ternatea. S. splendida is more effective in exploiting environmental resources when intercropped with C. pubescens compared to C. ternatea on peatland

COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT BERBASIS INTEGRATED FARMING DALAM PENGOLAHAN LIMBAH PAKAN DAN TERNAK DI KABUPATEN PINRANG

Pelaksanaan kegiatan KKN PPM bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kapasitas peternak dalam mengadopsi teknologi terkait pengembangan integrasi sapi dan padi. Penerapan teknologi membuat peternak memperoleh manfaat limbah jerami padi sebagai pakan sapi dan limbah ternak sebagai pupuk. Metode pemberdayaan yang menjadi pendekatan dalam menyelesaikan permasalahan di atas yaitu dengan pendekatan Farmer Participatory Need-based Extension (FPNE). Hasil kegiatan KKN menunjukkan bahwa pelaksanaan KKN PPM di Desa Mattongang-tongang telah dilaksanakan 100% dengan melibatkan 22 mahasiswa. Kegiatan KKN mampu mempercepat pencapaian tujuan pembangunan Kabupaten Pinrang untuk mewujudkan pertanian zero waste. Keberhasilan pelaksanaan KKN dibuktikan dengan peningkatan penguasaan ilmu dan keterampilan pengolahan jerami tanaman pangan menjadi silase komplit untuk pakan dan pengolahan limbah ternak menjadi pupuk kompos dan pupuk cair. Keterlibatan dan kerjasama dengan stakeholder, antara lain, tokoh masyarakat setempat dan Dinas Pertanian dan Peternakan Kabupaten Pinrang meningkatkan keberhasilan kegiatan ini. Kata kunci: kapasitas peternak, adopsi teknologi, pakan, kompos, limba