PENGGUNAAN MEDIA SCRAPBOOK DALAM MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN MENULIS KALIMAT SEDERHANA BAHASA JEPANG : Penelitian Eksperimen Murni Terhadap Siswa Kelas XI SMA Pasundan 8 Bandung Tahun Ajaran 2018/2019

Pembelajar bahasa Jepang dituntut untuk menguasai kemampuan membaca, mendengarkan, berbicara dan menulis dalam bahasa Jepang. Dalam menulis, pembelajar bahasa Jepang dituntut untuk bisa menuangkan kata-kata menjadi sebuah kalimat atau sebuah paragraf dengan menggunakan kosakata dan pola kalimat yang tepat. Penguasaan kata yang kurang dan pemahaman struktur kalimat membuat siswa menjadi kurang berminat dalam mempelajari bahasa Jepang. Oleh karena itu, dibutuhkan suatu alat atau media sebagai perantara untuk meningkatkan proses pembelajaran. Salah satunya adalah dengan menggunakan media Scrapbook. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah melalui penggunaan media tersebut dapat meningkatkan kemampuan menulis kalimat sederhana bahasa Jepang. Metode yang digunakan adalah eksperimen murni dengan menggunakan instrumen berupa tes dan angket. Sampel pada penelitian ini adalah kelas eksperimen dan kelas kontrol masing-masing sebanyak 20 orang. Berdasarkan hasil analisis data, diperoleh nilai t-hitung adalah 3,93 sedangkan t-tabel untuk db (39) dengan taraf signifikan 5% = 2,03 dan t-tabel dengan taraf signifikan 1% = 2,72. Dan dapat disimpulkan bahwa t hitung lebih besar daripada t tabel maka hipotesis kerja (Hk) diterima. Berdasarkan hasil analisis angket yang diperoleh, sebagian besar siswa memberikan respon positif terhadap media Scrapbook sehingga media ini dapat digunakan sebagai alternatif dalam meningkatkan kemampuan menulis kalimat Bahasa Jepang. Kata kunci : Media Scrapbook, Menulis  ----------- Japanese language learners are required to master reading, listening, speaking and writing skills. They are required to be able to put words together into sentences or paragraphs using appropriate vocabulary and gramatically correct sentences structures. However, students face difficulties learning Japanese language due to the lack of vocabulary and understanding of sentence structures. Therefore, learning media is needed to improve students’ learning development. Scrapbook has been chosen as one of media to improve students’ writing skills. This research aims to determine whether the use of the Scrapbook as learning media could be used to improve students’ writing skills in creating simple Japanese sentences. The method used for this research was a pure experimental method using a test and questionnaire as the instruments. 20 students in each experimental and control class were involved in this research. It was revealed that t count was 3.93 while t-table for db (39) with a significance level of 5% = 2.03 and t-table with a significance table of 1% was 2.72. It can be concluded that t-count was higher than t-table, hence the hypothesis work (Hk) is accepted. The questionnaire analysis indicated that most students gave positive responses towards Scrapbook as learning media in which it can be used as an alternative to improve students’ sentence structure. Keywords : Scrapbook media, writin

The Effectiveness of Engineering Design in Developing Engineering Habits of Mind among Eight Grade Students in Sultanate of Oman

This research investigates the effect of engineering design on the development of the engineering habits of mind among eighth grade students in the Sultanate of Oman. The study adopted the semi-experimental research design. The study sample had two experimental groups; the first group (23 students) was enrolled in a special program of engineering design; and the second group was a control group (25 students) which had not participated in any engineering design programs. The quantitative results revealed statistically significant differences at the level of significance (  between the performance of students of the two groups in identifying problem habits, optimization and development, and system thinking in favour of the experimental group in the scale of the habits of the engineering mind. However, there were no statistically significant differences between the performance of the two groups in the habits of visualizing, creativity in problem solving, and adaptation. Analysis of qualitative data reached similar findings. Taken together, these findings suggest a set of recommendations, including the integration of engineering design into science curricula for contribution to the development of engineering habits of mind. Further surveyed studies can be conducted to discover the most common engineering habits of mind among students of all stages in the study

A Versatile Solar and Electric Water Distiller

Abstract— The present paper discusses the feasibility and the features of a newly designed portable water desalinator/distiller. The goal is to design a small unit for desalinating or distilling brackish or soiled water. The proposed desalinator/distiller is a hybrid system that uses two sources of energy, namely: solar and electrical. It relies on solar energy when being used at locations where electricity is expensive or inaccessible. On the other hand, it uses electric energy when sunshine is unavailable for considerable periods of time, such as under rainy or cloudy skies, or during winter seasons when the sun radiation is weak or not enough to evaporate water.    This innovative project is aimed to benefit communities in rural villages, long journey travelers in deserts and arid mountains, people living alongside polluted rivers and lakes, and people living in refugees’ camps.  It can also benefit people with hard water supplies.   The paper investigates and discusses the proposed hybrid desalinator/distiller (HDD). The work presented is based entirely on the work carried out by final year electrical engineering students, during their capstone design project. The project work, presented, is a manifestation of the students learning during previous semesters. It puts into practice the application of thermal and heat transfer principles, that the student learned in earlier courses.   Index Terms—Desalination,desalinator,distiller,solar still,solar energy

Qatar - Longitudinal Assessment of Mental Health in Pandemics (Q-LAMP)

Aims: QLAMP aims to identify risk factors and resilience factors for symptoms of psychiatric illness during the pandemic. Study strengths include the 1-year longitudinal design and the use of standardised instruments already available in English and Arabic. The results will increase understanding of the impact of the pandemic on mental health for better support of the population during the pandemic and in future epidemics. Until an effective vaccine is available or herd immunity is achieved, countries are likely to encounter repeated ‘waves’ of infection. The identification of at-risk groups for mental illness will inform the planning and delivery of individualized treatment including primary prevention. Methodology: Longitudinal online survey; SMS-based recruitment and social media platforms advertisements e.g. Facebook, Instagram; Online consent; Completion time for questionnaires: approx. 20 to 30 minute; Baseline questionnaire with follow up at 3, 6, 9 and 12 months; Study completion date: Sept. 2021. Inclusion Criteria: Currently living in Qatar; Qatar residents: citizens and expatriates; Age 18 years; Read Arabic or English (questionnaire and consent form available in both languages). Instruments: Sociodemographic questionnaire including personal and family experience of COVID-19 infection; Standard instruments to assess psychiatric morbidity including depression, anxiety and PTSD; Research team-designed instruments to assess social impact of pandemic; Standard questionnaires to assess resilience, personality, loneliness, religious beliefs and social networks. Results: The analysis was based on 181 observations. Approximately, 3.5% of the sample was from the sms-recruitment method. The sample of completed surveys consisted of 65.0% females and 35.0% males. Qatari respondents comprised 27.0% of the total sample, while 52% of the sample were married, 25% had Grade 12 or lower level of educational attainment, and 46.0% were unemployed. Covid-19 appears to have affected different aspects of people’s lives from personal health to living arrangements, employment, and health of family and friends. Approximately, 41% to 55% of those who responded to the survey perceived changes in their stress levels, mental health, and loneliness to be worse than before the pandemic. Additionally, the wide-availability of information about the pandemic on the internet and social media was perceived as source of pandemic-related worries among members of the public. Conclusions: The continued provision of mental health service and educational campaigns about effective stress and mental health management is warranted

Impact of opioid-free analgesia on pain severity and patient satisfaction after discharge from surgery: multispecialty, prospective cohort study in 25 countries

Background: Balancing opioid stewardship and the need for adequate analgesia following discharge after surgery is challenging. This study aimed to compare the outcomes for patients discharged with opioid versus opioid-free analgesia after common surgical procedures.Methods: This international, multicentre, prospective cohort study collected data from patients undergoing common acute and elective general surgical, urological, gynaecological, and orthopaedic procedures. The primary outcomes were patient-reported time in severe pain measured on a numerical analogue scale from 0 to 100% and patient-reported satisfaction with pain relief during the first week following discharge. Data were collected by in-hospital chart review and patient telephone interview 1 week after discharge.Results: The study recruited 4273 patients from 144 centres in 25 countries; 1311 patients (30.7%) were prescribed opioid analgesia at discharge. Patients reported being in severe pain for 10 (i.q.r. 1-30)% of the first week after discharge and rated satisfaction with analgesia as 90 (i.q.r. 80-100) of 100. After adjustment for confounders, opioid analgesia on discharge was independently associated with increased pain severity (risk ratio 1.52, 95% c.i. 1.31 to 1.76; P < 0.001) and re-presentation to healthcare providers owing to side-effects of medication (OR 2.38, 95% c.i. 1.36 to 4.17; P = 0.004), but not with satisfaction with analgesia (beta coefficient 0.92, 95% c.i. -1.52 to 3.36; P = 0.468) compared with opioid-free analgesia. Although opioid prescribing varied greatly between high-income and low- and middle-income countries, patient-reported outcomes did not.Conclusion: Opioid analgesia prescription on surgical discharge is associated with a higher risk of re-presentation owing to side-effects of medication and increased patient-reported pain, but not with changes in patient-reported satisfaction. Opioid-free discharge analgesia should be adopted routinely

Reducing the environmental impact of surgery on a global scale: systematic review and co-prioritization with healthcare workers in 132 countries

Abstract Background Healthcare cannot achieve net-zero carbon without addressing operating theatres. The aim of this study was to prioritize feasible interventions to reduce the environmental impact of operating theatres. Methods This study adopted a four-phase Delphi consensus co-prioritization methodology. In phase 1, a systematic review of published interventions and global consultation of perioperative healthcare professionals were used to longlist interventions. In phase 2, iterative thematic analysis consolidated comparable interventions into a shortlist. In phase 3, the shortlist was co-prioritized based on patient and clinician views on acceptability, feasibility, and safety. In phase 4, ranked lists of interventions were presented by their relevance to high-income countries and low–middle-income countries. Results In phase 1, 43 interventions were identified, which had low uptake in practice according to 3042 professionals globally. In phase 2, a shortlist of 15 intervention domains was generated. In phase 3, interventions were deemed acceptable for more than 90 per cent of patients except for reducing general anaesthesia (84 per cent) and re-sterilization of ‘single-use’ consumables (86 per cent). In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for high-income countries were: introducing recycling; reducing use of anaesthetic gases; and appropriate clinical waste processing. In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for low–middle-income countries were: introducing reusable surgical devices; reducing use of consumables; and reducing the use of general anaesthesia. Conclusion This is a step toward environmentally sustainable operating environments with actionable interventions applicable to both high– and low–middle–income countries

Antibacterial activity of Opuntia ficus indica extraction and identification of some active compounds.

Extraction of vegetative part of the plant Opuntia ficus indica was carried out by different polar solvents (i.e; Water, Methanol 60%, Absolute Methanol, Absolute Ethanol, Acetone, Ethyl acetate and Chloroform). Percentage of each extract was calculate and found as follow: H2O > 60% Me OH > abs. Me OH > abs. Et OH > Acetone > Ethyl acetate > Chloroform. Some organic acids (i.e; Salicylic and Tannic acids) were separated from liquid extraction by High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) and Thin Layer Chromatography (T.L.C.) The percentage of their acids 24% and 43% respectively. Spectroscopic tools (U.V and I.R) were used to identify the structure of these acids. Oil of Opuntia ficus indica was obtained by Soxhlet. The percentage of this oil was 2.5%. Antibacterial activity was studied for different extracts from Opuntia ficus indica and oil in the growth of three undiagnosed isolates of Gram negative and positive bacteria by Agar-Well diffusion method. Results of antibacterial activity study appeared variable activity depending on the nature of solvent and the nature of polar compound used in extraction

The antecedents of COVID-19 contagion on quality of audit evidence in Egypt

Purpose: This study assesses the perception of academics and practitioners of ramifications that may have impacted audit evidence quality during COVID-19 in Egypt. Design/methodology/approach: A questionnaire was collected and designed regarding the factors affecting the quality of audit evidence during the COVID-19 pandemic using a five-point Likert scale, and detailed descriptive statistics and regression analyses were conducted. Findings: The study finds that there is no significant association between social distancing (SD), changing in the economic environment (CEE), time constraint (TC) and stress on audit personnel (SAP) as repercussions of the COVID-19 pandemic with the quality of audit evidence (QAE). The disruption in operational results (DOR), changes in the internal control (CIC) and the stress on client personnel (SCP) significantly affect the quality of audit evidence. Moreover, there is a significant difference between Big and non-Big Four audit firms in terms of changes in economic conditions, internal controls, disruption of operational results and time-constraint variables. The latter has significantly affected the audit evidence quality for both academics and professionals. Practical implications: Due to the implementation of SD and work-from-home policies, audit firms are highly recommended to invest more in digital programs and to be more adaptable to work-from-home, which policy and enhances the effectiveness and flexibility of communication between auditors and their clients. Originality/value: This paper is one of the foremost papers that provides empirical evidence for the antecedents or variables that may affect audit quality evidence due to the COVID-19 pandemic