Synthesis and antimicrobial evaluation of some new polyheterocyclic systems containing 1,2,4-triazine moiety

7-(4-Chloro/3-nitrophenyl)-8-[5,6-diphenyl-4-(1,3-thiazol-2-yl)-1,4-dihydro-1,2,4-triazin-3-yl]-5-oxo-1,5-dihydro[1,2,4]triazolo[1,5-a]pyridine-6-carbonitrile (6a, b) was utilized as a key intermediate for the target polyheterocyclic systems. Reactions of 6a, b with halocarbonyl reagents followed by heterocyclization with bi-nitrogen nucleophiles gave some new nitrogen heterocycles (7-13). Structures of the new compounds were established by elemental analyses and spectral data. The synthesized compounds were screened for their antimicrobial activity

A critical evaluation of teaching practice in geography in Egypt

The central problem of this research is 'How the supervision and assessment process for the geography student-teachers in Egypt can he improved?’. This problem is of high significance for a number of reasons : First there is a lack of clear criteria for the assessment of the geography students. Secondly, college students themselves have no handbook to guide their performance. Thirdly, the problem becomes more acute when the number of students reaches several thousands, while the number of experienced supervisors does not increase accordingly. The research is sub-divided into several areas : a) a review of the related literature; b) an assessment of the range of influences which have shaped the development of teacher education in Egypt and the emergence of a system of teaching practice as an integral component of that educational process; c) an evaluation of the de facto status of teaching practice in the El Sharkia Governorate as a case study; d) an assessment of current practices of supervision and assessment of geography students in England and Wales; e) the formulation of a more appropriate framework for supervision and schedule for assessment for use in the Egyptian context and f) an improvement in the entire system by which student-teachers of geography are supervised and assessed in teaching, practice and making recommendations for further lines of research. The results of this research will contribute to the development of the geography teacher preparation and training in particular and to the education of Egypt in general

Affixing Blame: Ideologies of HIV/AIDS in Thailand

This Article focuses on ideologies of the HIV/AIDS epidemic in Thailand, one of many nations where the HIV/AIDS pandemic has reached alarming levels. Not unlike other nations struggling with HIV/AIDS, an epidemic of stigma and blame has developed in Thailand with increasing rates of infection among the population. Understandings of whom to blame for the epidemic, and how to realize appropriate solutions, have likewise developed as the epidemic continues to persist and spread. This Article examines these ideologies and how they are mediated through the lens of popular culture in contemporary Thailand. It attempts to examine the reasoning of such ideologies, and their appeal within a society searching for both explanations and repose

Water Potentiality of Sustainable Management Challenges in the Oued Souf Region, south east Algeria

Water is the essential product for life and is part of the essential constitution of living cells; it helps to realize all the vital operations. Water is a cosmic element, just as the sun and the earth.With population growth in the Souf region, the needs of habitats and water farmers increase. These requirements cause negative consequences for the serene life Souafa; the upwelling phenomenon of the water table has taken very alarming proportions during the late twentieth century.In our study, we interested in the mechanism of the drawdown of the aquifer waterOued Souf CTand irrational consequences of overexploitation of the aquifer on the environment of the region

Laser Beam Welding of Austenitic Stainless Steels – Similar Butt and Dissimilar Lap Joints

Because of its inherent corrosion resistance, austenitic stainless steels, known as 300 series, have become cost-effective, staple materials for long-term applications in many industrial sectors including gas, petroleum, petrochemicals, fertilizers, food processing, and pulp industries as well as power generating plants. They have found also widespread use for manufacturing of chemical installations including stationary pressure tanks and tanks for transport of liquid and compressed gases, pipelines of high diameter in water power plants, for manufacturing of ships for transport of chemicals and installations of drilling rigs, etc. Thick-section stainless steels are widely used in the components and structures for nuclear power plants

Infrared Thermography And High Accuracy Gps For Automated Asphalt Crack Detection

Roads are major public assets. The USA spends billions of dollars each year on road construction and maintenance. To keep these roads in a healthy condition and for better planning and allocation of maintenance budgets, knowledge of distressed locations is needed. Roads develop cracks when they are subjected to stresses that exceed their designed criteria or their materials properties. Early detection and repair of cracks has proven to be the most cost-effective strategy in limiting the damage to roads and reducing expenditures. Various methodologies of crack detection were developed and significant techniques were made in the last few years. One of the most important recent technologies is the infrared thermography, which allows the use of infrared waves for crack detection. Another important technology is the global navigation satellite system (GNSS) which currently includes the GPS and GLONASS constellations. With the help of these systems, accurate location coordinates (longitude, latitude and altitude) up to a few centimeters were located. The objective of this research is to test the combined use of GNSS and infrared thermography in an automated system for the detection of asphalt cracks and their locations. To achieve this goal, two tests have been conducted. The first one, regarding the location tagging, was done using two pairs of GPS receivers which can detect signals from both GPS and GLONASS navigation systems in single and dual frequencies (L1 and L2). Different modes have been set to the receiver and comparison graphs were developed to compare accuracies against modes. The second test involves an infrared camera mounted on a car and moving in speeds approaching highway speed limit. The images obtained from the camera were processed using cracks detection software to analyze cracks properties (length, width, density and severity). It was found that the images that were taken by a moving infrared camera were recognized by crack detection software for moving speeds up to 50 mph. At speeds higher than 50 mph, images were blurred. As for location test, The GLONASS combined by GPS receivers got slightly better results than GPS only in both dual and single frequencies. The GLONASS satellites are not always available in view and when they are there, the number of satellites that can be detected by receiver range from one to three satellites at the most and for only a short period of time. It is recommended that future research be conducted to investigate the effect of using different camera lenses on the clarity of the images obtained as well as the effect of raising the camera level above the pavement surface in such a way that the whole lane width (12 ft.) would be covered in one image. Also the total reliance on GPS only receivers in determining cracks location has proven to be enough for this application

Sharing Health Records Electronically: The Views of Nebraskans

In November of 2008, the University of Nebraska Public Policy Center implemented a public input project to gather information from Nebraskans about electronic sharing of medical information. One hundred and sixty eight Nebraskans completed an online or paper copy survey, and 34 of those survey respondents also participated in a deliberative discussion. Comfortable with Sharing Medical Information Electronically • Nebraskans have positive views about electronic sharing of medical information. • Nebraskans understand the benefits of electronic health information exchange. • Nebraskans have concerns about who should have the authority to access their electronic health information. Experienced with Information Technology and Healthcare • Nebraskans already have moderate levels of experience with using technology to find health and insurance information. • Nebraskans have little experience with using technology to communicate directly with healthcare providers, though they support the concept of electronic communication with healthcare providers. Want More Consumer Education about Electronic Sharing of Health Information • Nebraskans see a role for State government in educating citizens about the use and sharing of electronic medical records. • Education can increase levels of knowledge about the issues surrounding the use and exchange of electronic health information. • Education can have a positive impact on Nebraskans’ perceptions of the use and sharing of electronic health information. Concerns with Network Vulnerabilities • Nebraskans are concerned about network vulnerabilities that would compromise security of electronic health records. • Nebraskans are not overly concerned with improper access of electronic medical records by insurance companies, employers, etc. Prefer an Indirect Role for State Government in Facilitating the Sharing of Electronic Health Information • Nebraskans want State government to educate citizens and ensure that the electronic sharing of medical records is done in a safe and secure manner. • There was a relationship between frequency of healthcare visits and attitudes about the role of government in electronic health information exchange