Cellulose cardboard effect on the performance of a conventional solar still

The lack of drinking water is a pressing issue in contemporary times, and solar distillation stands out as a simple and effective solution. However, the low yield of solar distillation remains a challenge. Researchers have undertaken various experimental modifications to enhance the thermal performance of solar distillation. In one such modification, Cellulose cardboard was introduced with the aim of improving the system's performance. The experimental results demonstrated a notable improvement of 19.8% in the solar still's efficiency when Cellulose cardboard was employed, compared to conventional solar still designs

ANFIS Models for Fault Detection and Isolation in the Drive Train of a Wind Turbine

The paper aims to improve the fault detection and isolation process in wind turbine systems by developing intelligent systems that can effectively identify and isolate faults. Specifically, the paper focuses on the drive train part of a horizontal axis wind turbine machine. The proposed fault diagnostic strategy is designed using an adaptive neural fuzzy inference system (ANFIS), which is a type of artificial neural network that combines the advantages of both fuzzy logic and neural networks. The ANFIS is used to generate residuals that occur after faults have been detected, and to determine the appropriate thresholds needed to correctly detect faults. The simulation results show that the proposed fault diagnostic strategy is effective in detecting faults in the drive train part of the wind turbine system. By using intelligent systems such as ANFIS, the fault detection process can be automated and streamlined, potentially reducing maintenance costs and improving the overall performance and efficiency of wind turbine systems

Analysis for inter turn stator fault with load variation in Induction Motor

This paper investigates the impact of load variation on the diagnosis of inter-turn stator faults in induction machines. The proposed detection technique relies on the analysis of stator current using the discrete wavelet transform (DWT) in both normal and faulty states of the machine. The energy of the approximation and detail signals obtained from DWT provides valuable information about the machine's health and the severity of the inter-turn stator faults. Experimental tests were conducted using a dSpace 1104 signal card-based interface to study the load effects in detecting and diagnosing stator inter-turn short circuit faults in induction motor

Optimal Controller Design and Dynamic Performance Enhancement of High Step-up Non-Isolated DC-DC Converter for Electric Vehicle Charging Applications

Ideally, traditional boost converters can achieve a high conversion ratio with a high-duty cycle. But, in regular practice, due to low conversion efficiency, RR reverse-recovery, and EMI (electromagnetic interference) problems, the high voltage gain cannot be performed, whereas CIBC (coupled inductor-based converters) can achieve high voltage gain by re-adjusting the turn ratios. Even though the leakage inductor of the CI (coupled inductor) makes some problems like voltage spikes on the main connectivity switch, high power dissipation, and voltage pressure can be minimized by voltage clamp. In this paper, a non-isolated DC-DC converter with high voltage gain is demonstrated with 3 diodes, 3 capacitors, 1-inductor, and a coupled inductor. The main inductor is connected to the input to decrease the current ripple. The voltage stress at main switch S is shared by diode D1 and capacitor C1 and the main switch is turned ON under zero current, hence it turns to low switching losses. This paper proposes two controllers like proportional-integral (PI) controller and fuzzy logic (FLC) for dc-dc converter. Furthermore, it demonstrates the operation, design, mathematical analysis, and performance of DC-DC converter using controllers for efficient operation of the system is performed using simulations in MATLAB 2012b

Optimizing Parabolic Through Collectors for Solar Stills: A 2D CFD Parametric Analysis

The thermal efficiency of parabolic trough collectors (PTCs) is influenced by various parameters, including length, diameter, and mass flow rate. This study employs 2D steady-state Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulations to investigate heat transfer within PTCs and enhance their performance. Exploring diverse PTC designs, involving variations in length (L = 0.5 to 3 m) and diameter (D = 10 to 60 mm), sourced from existing research to optimize desalination system applications. The investigation covers both laminar and turbulent regimes with fully developed flows, examining the effects of Reynolds number and mass flow rate. The results highlight that collector diameter has the most pronounced impact on thermal efficiency, followed by mass flow rate, while the effect of length can be neglected in comparison. A 50% diameter increase leads to over a 60% rise in efficiency for both laminar and turbulent cases, whereas a 60% decrease in mass flow rate corresponds to a 50% enhancement and a 60% improvement in efficiency for both regimes. These findings suggest that an optimal PTC design should prioritize a smaller diameter and lower mass flow rate, with length being of secondary importance and application-specific considerations also playing a pivotal role

Predictive Study on the Application of the Soweto Wind Turbine Results in the Coastal Region of South Africa

This study evaluates the performance of three wind turbine prototypes (Prototypes 1, 2, and 3) in Soweto, South Africa, by analyzing their monthly energy generation under different time of day/month conditions. Prototype 3 emerges as the most efficient, generating 39.5 W at a wind speed of 1.17 m/s and projecting a maximum of 40 kWh per month. Building upon these results, a predictive study examines the feasibility of implementing the same technology in coastal regions, specifically Gqeberha, where stronger winds prevail. Utilizing empirical data from Soweto, the study forecasts an improved energy output of up to 54.3 W at a wind speed of 5.16 m/s (18.6 km/h) and up to 100 kWh per month. The findings highlight the potential benefits of utilizing wind turbine technology in coastal areas, contributing valuable insights to renewable energy system development in similar geographical contexts

Numerical and experimental characterization of internal heat and mass transfer during convective drying of papaya (Carica papaya L.) in a drying air stream

This work consisted of simulating convective heat and mass transfers during the drying of papaya in a parallel air stream. The aim of this work was to simultaneously couple the two-dimensional heat and mass transfer equations in the product in order to predict the drying kinetics of the papaya. These papaya slices were arranged on a rack with a length (L) of 30 cm and thickness (E) of 5 mm. The Luikov equations thus established for this model were discretized using the implicit finite difference method and then solved simultaneously using the Matlab 2014 tool. Simulations of papaya drying were performed under the influence of drying air temperature (40, 50, and 60 °C), drying air velocity (0.5, 1 and 1.76 m/s), relative air humidity (20, 40, and 60%), and product thickness (4, 5, and 6 mm). The numerical simulation results allowed the prediction of the temperature and humidity distributions inside the product during the drying process. The predicted data from this model were compared to the experimental data. The results showed agreement between the predicted and experimental data with average relative errors of 5.21% and 4.35% for moisture ratio and product temperature, respectively

Enhancing the Potential of Smart Building for General Hospital: A Case Study in Malaysian Hospital.

Hospital Pulau Pinang is the general hospital in Malaysia which targeting energy savings of 10% within five years from 2015 and other sustainability targets such as 3-star Energy Management Gold Standard and Green Building Certification. The targets are beneficial for the hospital itself to establish the Smart Building Program to improve its energy efficiency concurrent with the green policy of the Ministry of Health Malaysia and Sustainable Development Goals by the United Nations. This paper reviews the background of Hospital Pulau Pinang energy data , energy consumption trending, energy-saving trending, and energy conservation measures taken for the hospital from 2015 to December 2021.The yearly energy consumption baseline taken in 2016 was 27,496,731.00 kWh. It reduced significantly to 21,356,063 kWh in 2021 due to energy conservation measures. As a result, Hospital Pulau Pinang has achieved energy-saving about 16% at approximately RM7.3 million reduction in operational expenditure. The main objective of this paper is to provide further potential energy savings by studying the energy reduction by implementing solar photovoltaics using the simulation method. The simulation method can predict that Hospital Pulau Pinang can achieve another 5,130,000 kWh energy savings annually. This type of simulation has never been done before at a public hospital, and it will give further enhancing strategies to the Smart Building Program itself. Furthermore, the potential of smart building can be maximized to the next level by simulation, which helps the hospital energy committee make the potential decision on the energy-saving investment

Performances improvement of Shunt active power filter With voltage sensor failure

The recent development of fully controllable power semiconductors has led to the design of new structures of static converters called active power filters intended to compensate for harmonic disturbances. The purpose of this filter is to inject harmonic currents so that the source current and voltage are made sinusoidal. The active power filter is connected in parallel with the network. The effectiveness of this filter essentially lies in its control and command strategy to better respond to production and distribution constraints. It automatically adapts to the evolution of disturbances introduced by non-linear loads connected to the electrical network and their response is instantaneous. The objectives we have set are to improve the performance of this filter. The p-q theory has been developed to generate a reference current for the attenuation of harmonics. This method requires the information of three load currents and three source voltages. Therefore, the controller needs information from voltages and currents sensors. Therefore, the failure of one sensor will affect the overall performance of the power filter. Different cases have been studied to observe its effect on the sinusoidal shape of the source currents and the THD. As well, an algorithm for successful compensation of voltage sensor failure has been proposed. Simulation results are presented and discusse

Effective Modeling of Photovoltaic Modules Using Sailfish Optimizer

The current study proposes a novel meta-heuristic technique called sailfish optimizer (SFO) to design reliable photovoltaic (PV) modeling models. Unlike others, the proposed technique employs two populations (prey and predator) instead of one to effectively reach the desired solution. This unique propriety can substantially augment the probability of locating the global optimum as well as accelerating the search process. Moreover, to show the efficacy of the algorithm, the results are compared with some literature techniques such as Salp-Swarm-Optimizer (SSA), Whale Optimization (WOA), Artificial-Bee-Colony (ABC), and Particle-Swarm Optimization (PSO) methods. Eventually, the proposed SFO algorithm demonstrated a remarkable amelioration in terms of accuracy with Root-Mean-Square-Error of 13E-3 A