Attitude of Community and village leaders towards the Community –Based Programme in The Faculty of Medicine – University of Gezira, Sudan

Objective: The objective is to describe the attitude of the community and village leaders towards the community based programme implemented in the Faculty of Medicine – University of Gezira(FMUG). Introduction: The curriculum is unique, with 30% of it is community-Based. So the attitude of the community is highly considered in the evaluation of the  programme. Methods: Twenty-four community leaders from the 48 members of the State Assembly were interviewed. Forty-eight of the village leaders from nine villages in El managil area where the three phases of the Interdisciplinary Field Training, Research and Rural Development Programme IFTRRDP have been completed recently were also interviewed through a pre structured interview by independent, trained personnel and their responses were collected and analyzed. Results: All the community and village leaders knew most of the objectives of the school. The expectations of the community from the school are the health education and treatment of patient. Community benefits from the presence of the students were rated as good and excellent by 58% of the community leaders and 87.8% of the village leaders. More visits for strengthening the relation between the school and the community was suggested by 72.9% (n=35). 18.8% (n=9) of the village leaders participated in the evaluation of students. Discussion: Objectives of the community based programme at  FMUG are very well known and accepted by the community. This support the FMUG community partnership and services  beside training  students . The expectations of the community are fitting fully with the objectives of the school. Conclusion: The attitude of the community towards the community based programmes in FMUG is positive ,this can be sustained by ensuring more involvement of them in all steps of the programme. More studies to describe and measure the attitudes of the community in other CBE medical schools is recommended for comparison.  OBJECTIVE: The objective of this work is to describe the attitude of the community and village leaders towards the community-oriented programme implemented in the Faculty of Medicine – University of Gezira, Sudan as a part of the second comprehensive evaluation of the school's programme

Effect of Moringa (Moringa oleifera Lam) Seeds on the Performance and Carcass Characteristics of Broiler Chickens

A 6-week study was conducted to evaluate the effects of Moringa oleifera seeds powder (MOSP) on the performance and carcass characteristics of broilers (Ross 308). A total of one hundred sixty day old unsexed broiler chicks were assigned into 16 pens of ten chicks each in a completely randomized design. Four experimental iso-caloric and iso-nitrogenous diets were supplied ad-libitum. Three experimental diets containing 0.5, 1.0 and 2.0 % MOSP and a control MOSP-free diet were used. Feed consumption, weight gain, feed conversion ratio and carcass quality characteristics were recorded for the individual replicate of each dietary treatment. Addition of MOSP up to 1.5% to broiler chicks diet significantly (P<0.05) showed low weight gain, feed efficiency and body weight during starter period. During finisher and the whole period supplying broiler chicks diet with 0.5% MOSP resulted in significant increase (P<0.05) in feed consumption, but addition of different levels of MOSP showed no significant effects(P>0.05)  on weight gain, feed efficiency, final live body weight, dressing percentage, liver weight and heart weight. Reduction in weight gain, feed efficiency and body weight due to addition of 2.0% MOSP to broilers’ diet during starter period may be due to the presence of phytate which acts as an anti-nutritional factor. The use of MOSP in the broiler diets has enhanced the performance during finisher and the whole period. Key words: Broiler chickens s, Moringa oleifera , Seeds, Performance and Carcass Characteristic

Thermodynamics and collapse of self-gravitating Brownian particles in D dimensions

We address the thermodynamics (equilibrium density profiles, phase diagram, instability analysis...) and the collapse of a self-gravitating gas of Brownian particles in D dimensions, in both canonical and microcanonical ensembles. In the canonical ensemble, we derive the analytic form of the density scaling profile which decays as f(x)=x^{-\alpha}, with alpha=2. In the microcanonical ensemble, we show that f decays as f(x)=x^{-\alpha_{max}}, where \alpha_{max} is a non-trivial exponent. We derive exact expansions for alpha_{max} and f in the limit of large D. Finally, we solve the problem in D=2, which displays rather rich and peculiar features

Angular momenta creation in relativistic electron-positron plasma

Creation of angular momentum in a relativistic electron-positron plasma is explored. It is shown that a chain of angular momentum carrying vortices is a robust asymptotic state sustained by the generalized nonlinear Schrodinger equation characteristic to the system. The results may suggest a possible electromagnetic origin of angular momenta when it is applied to the MeV epoch of the early Universe.Comment: 20 pages, 6 figure

Risk profiles and one-year outcomes of patients with newly diagnosed atrial fibrillation in India: Insights from the GARFIELD-AF Registry.

BACKGROUND: The Global Anticoagulant Registry in the FIELD-Atrial Fibrillation (GARFIELD-AF) is an ongoing prospective noninterventional registry, which is providing important information on the baseline characteristics, treatment patterns, and 1-year outcomes in patients with newly diagnosed non-valvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF). This report describes data from Indian patients recruited in this registry. METHODS AND RESULTS: A total of 52,014 patients with newly diagnosed AF were enrolled globally; of these, 1388 patients were recruited from 26 sites within India (2012-2016). In India, the mean age was 65.8 years at diagnosis of NVAF. Hypertension was the most prevalent risk factor for AF, present in 68.5% of patients from India and in 76.3% of patients globally (P < 0.001). Diabetes and coronary artery disease (CAD) were prevalent in 36.2% and 28.1% of patients as compared with global prevalence of 22.2% and 21.6%, respectively (P < 0.001 for both). Antiplatelet therapy was the most common antithrombotic treatment in India. With increasing stroke risk, however, patients were more likely to receive oral anticoagulant therapy [mainly vitamin K antagonist (VKA)], but average international normalized ratio (INR) was lower among Indian patients [median INR value 1.6 (interquartile range {IQR}: 1.3-2.3) versus 2.3 (IQR 1.8-2.8) (P < 0.001)]. Compared with other countries, patients from India had markedly higher rates of all-cause mortality [7.68 per 100 person-years (95% confidence interval 6.32-9.35) vs 4.34 (4.16-4.53), P < 0.0001], while rates of stroke/systemic embolism and major bleeding were lower after 1 year of follow-up. CONCLUSION: Compared to previously published registries from India, the GARFIELD-AF registry describes clinical profiles and outcomes in Indian patients with AF of a different etiology. The registry data show that compared to the rest of the world, Indian AF patients are younger in age and have more diabetes and CAD. Patients with a higher stroke risk are more likely to receive anticoagulation therapy with VKA but are underdosed compared with the global average in the GARFIELD-AF. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION-URL: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT01090362

A search for pair production of new light bosons decaying into muons in proton-proton collisions at 13 TeV

A search for new light bosons decaying into muon pairs is presented using a data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 35.9fb−1 of proton-proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy √s=13TeV, collected with the CMS detector at the CERN LHC. The search is model independent, only requiring the pair production of a new light boson and its subsequent decay to a pair of muons. No significant deviation from the predicted background is observed. A model independent limit is set on the product of the production cross section times branching fraction to dimuons squared times acceptance as a function of new light boson mass. This limit varies between 0.15 and 0.39 fb over a range of new light boson masses from 0.25 to 8.5 GeV. It is then interpreted in the context of the next-to-minimal supersymmetric standard model and a dark supersymmetry model that allows for nonnegligible light boson lifetimes. In both cases, there is significant improvement over previously published limits

Identification of heavy, energetic, hadronically decaying particles using machine-learning techniques

Machine-learning (ML) techniques are explored to identify and classify hadronic decays of highly Lorentz-boosted W/Z/Higgs bosons and top quarks. Techniques without ML have also been evaluated and are included for comparison. The identification performances of a variety of algorithms are characterized in simulated events and directly compared with data. The algorithms are validated using proton-proton collision data at √s = 13TeV, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 35.9 fb−1. Systematic uncertainties are assessed by comparing the results obtained using simulation and collision data. The new techniques studied in this paper provide significant performance improvements over non-ML techniques, reducing the background rate by up to an order of magnitude at the same signal efficiency