Infectious Complications after Spinal Cord Injury

Infectious diseases after spinal cord injury (SCI) are important. They can cause mortality and morbidity. The SCI patients usually stay in hospital or rehabilitation units for a long time, and this can cause several complications for them

Tuberculin Skin Test among 1,424 Healthy Employees in Chaharmahal Province, Iran

Background: Tuberculosis is still an important problem in developing countries. The tuberculin skin test (TST) is used for the identification of latent tuberculosis (TB) infection. This study aimed to evaluate the TST results of healthy employees of different departments in chaharmahal province, Iran. Materials and Methods: This study was done on 1,424 healthy employees from 49 different departments in Chaharmahal Province. The tuberculin skin test was done with Purified Protein Derivative (PPD) solution. The induration was evaluated 48- 72 hours later. Results: Negative PPD test was observed in 346 subjects. A 5-10 mm induration was seen in 276, a 10-15 mm in 292, a 15- 20 mm in 212, a 20-25 mm in 72, and a 25-30 mm induration was observed in 14 cases. A total of 212 subjects were absent when reading the induration. Conclusion: Tuberculin skin test can be used for the identification of TB infection. Prevalence of latent TB infection was low in our study. There were no significant differences in PPD test results between medical and non-medical departments

Neurobrucellosis

Brucellosis is a multi-system infectious disease that presents with various clinical manifestations and complications. Neurobrucellosis is an uncommon but serious presentation of brucellosis that can be seen in all stages of the disease. Neurobrucellosis is a focal complication of brucellosis affecting both central and peripheral nervous system presenting varieties of signs and symptoms. The most reported manifestations are meningitis and meningoencephalitis. It is a rare presentation of brucellosis. The estimated mean incidence of neurobrucellosis is 1.7%–10%. The incidence is equal in males and females. Initial clinical manifestations consisted of meningoencephalitis, acute and subacute meningitis, intracranial hypertension, polyradiculoneuritis, cerebral and subarachnoid hemorrhage, transverse myelitis, lumbar epidural abscess with root involvement, and cranial nerve involvement. Other rare manifestation includes pseudotumor cerebri, intracranial granuloma, sagittal sinus thrombosis, spinal arachnoiditis, and intracranial vasculitis. High index of suspicion, especially in endemic areas is essential to prevent morbidity from this disease. Clinical suspicion and accurate evaluation of a patient\u27s history is the most important clue in diagnosis and treatment. Neurobrucellosis can be diagnosed by isolation of microorganism from the CSF or detection of antibodies in the CSF. The CSF pattern in neurobrucellosis can be helpful for diagnosis; lymphocytic pleocytosis, increased protein, and decreased glucose levels in the CSF are in favor of neurobrucellosis. Imaging modalities, including CT scan or magnetic resonance imaging, may reveal information for diagnosis. Many laboratory procedures are usually employed in the diagnosis of neurobrucellosis. Even though the culture method is the gold standard, growth rate is low and time consuming. Coombs\u27 test should be performed in both the CSF and serum. Different regimens are usually used based on ceftriaxone, doxycycline, cotrimoxasole, streptomycin, and rifampicin. Treatment with intravenous ceftriaxone and oral rifampicin, doxycycline, and trimethoprim–sulfamethoxazole resulted in a good clinical response. Patients with severe and persistent headache and other neurologic symptoms and signs should be considered for neurobrucellosis in endemic regions. Early diagnosis and treatment of neurobrucellosis will be helpful in decreasing the sequelae of this complication

Transmitting television signal via fiber optics

Hlavním cílem této práce je teoretická analýza přenosového DVB TV signálu prostřednictvím optických vláken, analýza sítě CATV a modulační techniky pro její přenos. První částí této práce je zavedení šíření signálů v optických vláknech a pasivních součástech optických sítí, následované obecnými informacemi o digitálním rozhlasovém vysílání, sítí CATV a modulačním formátu pro jejich přenos. V druhé části, která se nazývá praktická část, vysvětluje výsledek měření, který se skládá ze srovnání různých měřicích parametrů, jako jsou "Power SIGNAL", "C / N", "Kanálový výkon" pro rozdílné délky optických vláken.The main goal of this thesis is theoretical analysis of transmission DVB TV signal via optical fiber, analysis of CATV network and modulation technique used for its transmission. The first part of this thesisis about introduction of propagation of signals in optical fiber and passive components of a fiber optic network, followed by general information about Digital Video Broadcasting, CATV network and modulation format for its transmission. In the second part, which is called practical part, explains our measurement's result, that consists of comparison of different measurement parameters such as “Power SIGNAL”, “C/N”, “Channel Power” for difference lengths of Fiber Optics.

Short-course treatment in neurobrucellosis: A study in Iran

Neurobrucellosis is a rare neurological complication of brucellosis. This report describes 19 patients of neurobrucellosis and they accounted for 8% of all cases of brucellosis admitted to Shiraz University Hospitals over a period of eight years. Headache, fever, fatigue, drowsiness and neck stiffness were the common clinical features. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) showed pleocytosis in 100%, elevated protein levels in 89% and low glucose level in 47% of the patients. All the patients improved with specific antibiotic treatment. Of the 19 patients, 10 (52.5%) patients received treatment for 8 to 28 weeks. Duration of antibiotic treatment was: 8-14 weeks in 8 (42%) patients; 24-28 weeks in 2 (10.5%) patients; 6 months in 7 (37%) patients; 12 months in 1 (5.3%) patient; and 18 months in 1 (5.3%) patient. Clinicians in endemic areas should consider the likelihood of neurobrucellosis in patients with unexplained neurological and psychiatric symptoms

Tecnología de semillas sintéticas para la encapsulación y el recrecimiento de puntas de brotes y embriones somáticos de Espárrago officinalis L

Apical buds obtained from Asparagus plant vitro culture and somatic embryos obtained from stem cultivation, explants in MS medium supplemented with mg¹ᶫ 1, 2, 4-D and mg¹ᶫ 1 and Kinetin have been used in this research to produce artificial seeds. We encapsulated apical buds and somatic embryo using 2% sodium alginate and calcium chloride to prepare the artificial seeds. We placed artificial seeds at room temperature (about 25 ° C), in the cold, the temperature of 4 ° C and -18 ° C for different times (15,30,60,90 days) and evaluated the growing power of these seeds in MS and ½MS mediums for further investigations about the viability of seeds. The highest conversion percentage of seedlings in encapsulated embryos (70.01) was related to seed harvested from embryos treated with BA and the highest conversion percentage of seedlings in apical buds (96.54) was obtained from cultivated untreated seeds in MS medium. Encapsulated arteries and buds maintained germination energy and viability with increasing storage time after 90 days of storage at 4 and 25 ° C despite viability reduction while un-capsulated embryos and buds completely lost viability after 60 days of storage at 4 and 25 ° C and seeds stored at -18 ° C completely lost viability after 15 days of storage. In general, the percentage of seed germination and conversion to seedling is higher in seeds cultivated in MS medium compared to seeds cultivated in ½MS medium.En esta investigación se han utilizado yemas apicales obtenidas de cultivo vitro vegetal de espárragos y embriones somáticos obtenidos del cultivo de tallos, explantes en medio MS suplementado con mg¹ᶫ 1, 2, 4-D y mg¹ᶫ 1 y Kinetin para producir semillas artificiales. Encapsulamos yemas apicales y embriones somáticos utilizando alginato de sodio al 2% y cloruro de calcio para preparar las semillas artificiales. Colocamos semillas artificiales a temperatura ambiente (alrededor de 25 ° C), en el frío, la temperatura de 4 ° C y -18 ° C para diferentes tiempos (15,30,60,90 días) y evaluamos el poder de crecimiento de estas semillas. en medios MS y ½MS para futuras investigaciones sobre la viabilidad de las semillas. El mayor porcentaje de conversión de plántulas en embriones encapsulados (70.01) se relacionó con la semilla recolectada de embriones tratados con BA y el mayor porcentaje de conversión de plántulas en yemas apicales (96.54) se obtuvo de semillas cultivadas sin tratar en medio MS. Las arterias y las yemas encapsuladas mantuvieron la energía de germinación y la viabilidad con un mayor tiempo de almacenamiento después de 90 días de almacenamiento a 4 y 25 ° C a pesar de la reducción de la viabilidad, mientras que los embriones y las yemas no encapsulados perdieron completamente la viabilidad después de 60 días de almacenamiento a 4 y 25 ° C y las semillas almacenado a -18 ° C perdió completamente la viabilidad después de 15 días de almacenamiento. En general, el porcentaje de germinación de semillas y conversión a plántula es mayor en semillas cultivadas en medio MS en comparación con semillas cultivadas en medio ½MS

Developing and ranking strategies for machinery companies via QSPM and SWOT matrix: A case study in Toolid Atash machinery company

This paper aims to develop financial strategies for Toolid Atash Company in order to achieve product development and product improvement. For this task, we worked in a team consisting of four groups-mates and two company staff. The team helped us to explicate and clarify the mission and vision of the company. Using internal factor evaluation matrix and external factor evaluation matrix; the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats of the company were detected. Then, SWOT matrix was completed. In addition, the competitive position of the company was identified via a competitive evaluation matrix. Regarding SWOT matrix and competitors some proper strategy for these sorts of companies was developed and ranked based on QSPM matrix