On the statistical distribution of first--return times of balls and cylinders in chaotic systems

We study returns in dynamical systems: when a set of points, initially populating a prescribed region, swarms around phase space according to a deterministic rule of motion, we say that the return of the set occurs at the earliest moment when one of these points comes back to the original region. We describe the statistical distribution of these "first--return times" in various settings: when phase space is composed of sequences of symbols from a finite alphabet (with application for instance to biological problems) and when phase space is a one and a two-dimensional manifold. Specifically, we consider Bernoulli shifts, expanding maps of the interval and linear automorphisms of the two dimensional torus. We derive relations linking these statistics with Renyi entropies and Lyapunov exponents.Comment: submitted to Int. J. Bifurcations and Chao

Pengaruh Kedalaman terhadap Perkembangan Rumput Laut Kotoni Hasil Kultur Jaringan

Biotrop Bogor berhasil melakukan kultur jaringan bibit rumput laut Kotoni (Kappaphycus alvarezii) hingga skala laboratorium.Perkembangan hingga produksi masal telahberhasil dilakukan oleh BBPBL Lampung. Sebagai komoditas baru, perlu dilakukan uji coba pendahuluan. Salah satu yang telah dilakukan adalah melakukan uji coba pada tahun 2014 untuk mengetahui kedalaman terbaik terhadap perkembangan bibit rumput laut hasil kultur jaringan. Uji coba dilakukan selama VI minggu dengan menggunakan berat awal bibit yang sama yaitu 75 gram pada tiga tingkatan kedalaman perairanberbeda: 10 cm, 30 dan 50 cm. Parameter yang diamati meliputi, perkembangan tanaman, dan sintasan. Hasil pengamatan perkembangan tanaman pada kedalaman 10 cm dari minggu pertama sampai minggu ke VI berat awal 75 gr, 115,80 gr, 157,40 gr, 216,00 gr,303,00 gr, 341,00 gr dan 375,00 gr. Kedalaman 30 cm berat awal 75 gr, 118,60 gr,139,80 gr, 199,00 gr, 254 gr 293 gr dan 304 gr. Kadalaman 50 cm: berat awal 75 gr, 96,6 gr, 122,4 gr, 159 gr,207 gr, 250 gr dan 260,8 gr. Sintasan (SR) pada kedalaman 10 cm dari minggu pertama hingga minggu keempat 100 % dan pada minggu ke lima dan keenam masing-masing 98 %. SR pada kedalaman 30 cm dari minggu pertama hingga keempat 100 % dan minggu kelima dan keenam 96 %. Dan SR pada kedalaman 50 cm dari minggu pertama hingga minggu ke empat 100 % dan pada minggu ke lima 94 % dan 92 %. Berdasarkan hasil perhitungan, melakukan kegiatan produksi dapat melakukan penanaman pada kedalaman antara 10 hingga 30 cm

A Fully Abstract Symbolic Semantics for Psi-Calculi

We present a symbolic transition system and bisimulation equivalence for psi-calculi, and show that it is fully abstract with respect to bisimulation congruence in the non-symbolic semantics. A psi-calculus is an extension of the pi-calculus with nominal data types for data structures and for logical assertions representing facts about data. These can be transmitted between processes and their names can be statically scoped using the standard pi-calculus mechanism to allow for scope migrations. Psi-calculi can be more general than other proposed extensions of the pi-calculus such as the applied pi-calculus, the spi-calculus, the fusion calculus, or the concurrent constraint pi-calculus. Symbolic semantics are necessary for an efficient implementation of the calculus in automated tools exploring state spaces, and the full abstraction property means the semantics of a process does not change from the original

Studi Potensi Kebangkrutan Pada Perusahaan Industri Properti Yang Go Public Di Bursa Efek Indonesia

This study aims to determine and calculate the score of bankruptcy using Altman model, Springateand Zmijewski. In addition, this study also aims to analyze whether there are significant differencesof these models, as well as test the effect on stock prices in the property industry companies thatgo public on the stock exchange Indonesia. Variables used in this research is the Altman Z-Score,Springate methods, methods Zmijewski, bankruptcy prediction scores and stock prices. The samplesused were 34 property companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange from 2013 to 2014 period.Sampling with purposive sampling technique. In this study, researchers used a method of analysisAltman Z-score, Springate and Zmijewski to test potential bankruptcy. Furthermore, using a differenttest engineering analysis Kruskal Wallis test and test the effect of using multiple regression with thehelp of Microsoft Excel program and the social science statistical package (SPSS) 20.0 VERSION.The results showed using Altman model there are 15 industrial firms potentially bankrupt property,Springate models there are 19 companies that could potentially bankrupt, while the model Zmijewskino company that could potentially bankrupt. In addition the results showed a significant differencebetween the analysis using a model Altman, Zmijewski Springate and in assessing the company\u27sbankruptcy in the property industry. Then the next research results showed that no significantrelationship between scores for bankruptcy against the company\u27s share price on the propertyindustry

A Machine-Checked Formalization of the Generic Model and the Random Oracle Model

Most approaches to the formal analyses of cryptographic protocols make the perfect cryptography assumption, i.e. the hypothese that there is no way to obtain knowledge about the plaintext pertaining to a ciphertext without knowing the key. Ideally, one would prefer to rely on a weaker hypothesis on the computational cost of gaining information about the plaintext pertaining to a ciphertext without knowing the key. Such a view is permitted by the Generic Model and the Random Oracle Model which provide non-standard computational models in which one may reason about the computational cost of breaking a cryptographic scheme. Using the proof assistant Coq, we provide a machine-checked account of the Generic Model and the Random Oracle Mode

Penciptaan Buku Sejarah Musik Balada dari Masa ke Masa Berbasis Teknik Aquarel sebagai Upaya Pengenalan Kembali pada Masyarakat Surabaya

Seeing the development of music in Surabaya today is very much different from the previous era , there are many musicians from Surabaya are able to vibrate with amazing work . tOne of them is Ballad music genres , there are some big names of Ballads legendary musicians from the city of Surabaya , as Gombloh , Franky Sahilatua , and Leo Kristi . But unfortunately this genre of music began to be abandoned by the people of Surabaya . Especially after Gombloh and Franky died , and Leo Kristi began to move to Bandung . This music is no longer heard in the city of Surabaya . It is also due to the absence participate publish media , in particular through the book . In this study show the history of the development of music Ballad in Surabaya in the 70s until the 2000s by using characters Ballad Surabaya musicians

Aplikasi Metode Neuro-Fuzzy Pada Sistem Pengendalian Antisurge Kompresor

Operating condition that unstabil to compressor is called surge, which defined as self oscillations between pressure and flow, that can cause serious damage to compressor. Because of this problem, it is necessary to design of antisurge compressor control. Using conventional control like PI (Proportional and Integral) controller, effective only for certain condition but uneffective for condition with non linier systems. To handle this problems, it is proposed using Neuro-Fuzzy controller. Application of these system will improve performance indicator of PI controller applied in combination Neural Network and Fuzzy Logic Control to get robust performance system. For respon transient experiment, with differential pressure ( P) 37.91 kg/cm2, Neuro-Fuzzy controller result better performance corcerning to PI controller with settling time 7.3 seconds, maximum overshoot 11.6223 %, error percent 0.0563013 % and error steady state 0.0213438 kg/cm2. Whereas, PI controller result settling time 22.3 seconds, maximum overshoot 17.8996 %, error percent 0.185294 % and error steady state 0.0702449 kg/cm2. For respon transient system simulation with noise and respon transient simulation with noise and load, Neuro-Fuzzy controller also shows better performance with settling time, maximum overshoot and error steady state smaller than PI controller

The impact of banking concentration on firm leverage in emerging markets

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explore the impact of banking concentration on firm leverage in 21 major emerging countries from different geographical regions, controlling for firm determinant and macroeconomic determinant of firm leverage. Design/methodology/approach This study is based on a relatively large sample of 5,779 enterprises with total 48,280 numbers of observations over the period from 2006 to 2013 and the regression model is performed by applying two-step system general method of moment estimator methodology. Findings This study finds a positive and significant relationship between banking concentration and firm leverage. Therefore, the overall results follow the information-based theory which indicates lower firms financing obstacles as banks are more concentrated. Research limitations/implications Bank-level data of all the countries to measure banking concentration is until 2013, which restrict the empirical analysis until 2013. Also, the study conducts the analysis. Practical implications The study enables policymakers, society, and academics to have better understanding on the beneficial effects of alternative banking market structure on firms’access to credit and therefore, in determining the level of firm leverage in emerging countries. Originality/value The study represents one of the limited available empirical researches to examine the beneficial effect of alternative banking market structures of firm leverage in emerging countries

New proposed spherical slotted antenna covered by the layers of dielectric material and plasma

The operation of the new proposed spherical slotted antenna covered by layers of dielectric material and plasma was analyzed numerically in this paper. By utilizing the Integra-functional equations method, the optimum thickness of dielectric material layer and suitable conditions which improve the operation of this antenna are analyzed here by MATHCAD. The thickness of dielectric layer must not be less or more than λ/6. Furthermore, the authors propose manipulating the operation frequency to enable such antenna to work in most circumstances