The Ability Of The Forrest Country Mississippi Program of Negro Education To Certain Selected Counties Of The State

The attempt by the state of Mississippi to provide for the education of is people, both white and negro, has been an arduous one. Especially difficult has been the attempt to provide adequate educational opportunities for its Negro group, and although some progress has been made there is still too wide a discrepancy between what has been done and the minimum of what could be done with regard to the physical; facilities, teaching personnel, and curricula content

South-Eastern provider knowledge gaps in rabies education, management, and treatment

Abstract: Background. In the United States, when an individual is bitten by an animal there are many levels of care they may seek, including seeing their primary care provider, an urgent care provider, or by going to an emergency room. In any of these settings, it is not unlikely that they may be treated by an advanced practice practitioner (APP). Due to rabies being nearly 100% fatal once symptoms have manifested, it is important to understand the knowledge that APPs have concerning rabies. Methods. A survey was conducted from April 2022 to August 2022 which evaluated APPs knowledge of rabies treatment and management. Seventy-four APPs were surveyed; sixteen were from the south-east (SE). Descriptive statistics were used to evaluate the survey results. Results. Three-quarters of the SE participants reported that their preceptors did not discuss rabies with them (75%) and two-thirds did not feel as though their education prepared them to handle rabies cases (63%). Participants had difficulties correctly identifying animals that are likely to carry rabies and bodily fluids that are likely to transmit rabies. Less than half of the SE participants were able to correctly identify the proper vaccination schedule (47%), proper site to administer immunoglobulin (13%), and time until a rabid animal dies (33%). Participants also had difficulties identifying low-risk countries when traveling and high-risk occupations, and many also reported that they do not discuss rabies with patients who are traveling or work in high-risk occupations. Conclusion. While deaths associated with rabies in the United States may be low, it is imperative that APPs have a strong understanding of rabies to ensure that patients are properly treated. Public health professionals in Georgia need to take a stance of strong initial and continuing education that properly prepares medical professionals to manage and educate patients on rabies so that the health of Georgians is protected

Dose Variation To Critical Points In Low Dose Rate Intracavitary Brachytherapy Of Cervical Cancer As Justification For Incident Learning

Background: Low Dose Rate (LDR) brachytherapy necessitates a more extended treatment duration. This technique maintains the patient on the treatment machine for a longer length of time, which may cause changes in the applicators' position due to vaginal packing soaking and patient movement for incident learning justification. Objective: The purpose of this study is to evaluate pre- and post-dosage variation to points 'A' and 'B,' as well as vital organs (i.e. bladder and rectum), for low dose rate (LDR) brachytherapy at Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital and justify the need for incident learning system. Method: Forty (40) patients with invasive cervical cancer were treated with LDR brachytherapy equipment (A Curietron Cesium Manuel (AMRA)-France, CA 98.22) to point 'A' at doses ranging from 30 to 35 Gy. Adult patients selected for the study ranged from 25 to 60 years simulated. For each patient, orthogonal images of anterior-posterior (AP) and (LAT) were taken by positioning the patient on the Varian Acuity Simulator Couch at 00 and 900, respectively, and two sets of orthogonal images (before and after treatment), in each case, were considered. The treatment was then planned using the AP and LAT images obtained based on the four arrangements used, namely 1-2-5, 1-3-5, 1-4-5, and 1-5. The treatment planning system used for the study was the Prowess Panther system 4.6. Results: The dosage disparity at point 'A' was determined to be 1.16 per cent, which is highly commendable compared to previous research that established dose variations of 2%, 35%, 8%, and 20%. In this study, the dosage variation at point B was 0.75 per cent. The bladder and rectum had average alterations of 2.32 per cent and 0.30 per cent, respectively. Conclusion: The difference observed between prescribed, and deposited dosage was 2.11 per cent for quality assurance and incident learning reasons. Unrealistic expectations, reliance on reminders and quick remedies, and faults in the systemic view of failure were discovered and addressed as managerial issues. It is critical not to underestimate these difficulties because they are frequently significantly more severe than the technical issues being addressed. Incident issues were not recorded per patients under review, but near misses and non-conformance were observed. The geometric variances between the Intracavitary Brachytherapy Treatment (ICBT) applicators and the essential organs change during the treatment process, resulting in dosage changes. Does variance is within the required standard limits; it can be stated that Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital's practice satisfies the international standard and is an intrusion into the Directorate Incident Learning System

Using conservation science to advance corporate biodiversity accountability

Biodiversity declines threaten the sustainability of global economies and societies. Acknowledging this, businesses are beginning to make commitments to account for and mitigate their influence on biodiversity, and report this in sustainability reports. The top 100 of the 2016 Fortune 500 Global companies' (the Fortune 100) sustainability reports were assessed to gauge the current state of corporate biodiversity accountability. Many companies acknowledged biodiversity, but corporate biodiversity accountability is in its infancy. Almost half (49) of the Fortune 100 mentioned biodiversity in reports, and 31 made clear biodiversity commitments, of which only 5 could be considered specific, measureable and time?bound. A variety of biodiversity?related activities were disclosed (e.g., managing impacts, restoring biodiversity, and investing in biodiversity), but only 9 companies provided quantitative indicators to verify the magnitude of their activities (e.g., area of habitat restored). No companies reported quantitative biodiversity outcomes, making it difficult to determine whether business actions were of sufficient magnitude to address impacts, and are achieving positive outcomes for nature. Conservation science can help advance approaches to corporate biodiversity accountability through developing science?based biodiversity commitments, meaningful indicators, and more targeted activities to address business impacts. With the “biodiversity policy super?year” of 2020 rapidly approaching, now is the time for conservation scientists to engage with and support businesses to play a critical role in setting the new agenda for a sustainable future for the planet, with biodiversity at its heart

Determining a Core Curriculum in Surgical Infections for Fellowship Training in Acute Care Surgery Using the Delphi Technique

Background: Recent data highlight the educational, financial, and healthcare benefits of acute care surgery (ACS). These data serve as the impetus to create ACS fellowships, which now are accredited by the American Association for the Surgery of Trauma. However, the core components of a curriculum fundamental for ACS training and that yield competence and proficiency have yet to be determined. Methods: Experts in ACS from the United States (n=86) were asked to propose topics in surgical infectious diseases of potential importance in developing a core curriculum for ACS fellowship training. They were then required to rank these topics in order of importance to identify those considered most fundamental. Results: Thirty-one filters ranking in the highest tertile are proposed as topics of surgical infectious diseases that are fundamental to any curriculum of ACS fellowship training. The majority pertains to aspects of thoracic infections (n=8), although topics of soft tissue infections (n=5) comprised four of the top 10 (40%) filters. Abdominal infections (n=6), the biology of sepsis (n=6), and risk, prevention, and prophylaxis (n=6) completed the list. Conclusion: This study identifies the most important topics of surgical infectious disease that merit consideration for incorporation into a core curriculum of ACS training. Hopefully, this information will assist in the development of ACS fellowships that optimize the training of future ACS surgeons.Peer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/140213/1/sur.2012.202.pd

Contaminant-induced immunotoxicity in harbour seals: Wildlife at risk?

Persistent, lipophilic polyhalogenated aromatic hydrocarbons (PHAHs) accumulate readily in the aquatic food chain and are found in high concentrations in seals and other marine mammals. Recent mass mortalities among several marine mammal populations have been attributed to infection by morbilliviruses, but a contributing role for immunotoxic PHAHs, including the polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs), and polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs) was not ruled out. We addressed this issue by carrying out a semi-field study in which captive harbour seals were fed herring from either the relatively uncontaminated Atlantic Ocean or the contaminated Baltic Sea for 2 years. We present here an overview of results obtained during this study. An impairment of natural killer (NK) cell activity, in vitro T-lymphocyte function, antigen-specific in vitro lymphocyte proliferative responses, and in vivo delayed-type hypersensitivity and antibody responses to ovalbumin was observed in the seals fed the contaminated Baltic herring. Additional feeding studies in PVG rats using the same herring batches suggested that an effect at the level of the thymus may be responsible for changes in cellular immunity, that virus-specific immune responses may be impaired, and that perinatal exposure to environmental contaminants represents a greater immunotoxic threat than exposure as a juvenile or adult. Together with the pattern of TCDD toxic equivalents of different PHAHs in the herring, these data indicate that present levels of PCBs in the aquatic food chain a