34 research outputs found
On projective group properties of the pseudo-Riemannian space
We study the six-dimensional pseudo-Riemannian spaces with two time-like
coordinates that admit non-homothetic infinitesimal projective transformations.
The metrics are manifestly obtained and the projective group properties are
determined. We also find a generic defining of projective motion in the
6-dimensional rigid h-space.Comment: 4 pages, talk presented at the "Integrable Systems-2005", Prague,
200
The volume of causal diamonds, asymptotically de Sitter space-times and irreversibility
In this note we prove that the volume of a causal diamond associated with an
inertial observer in asymptotically de Sitter 4-dimensional space-time is
monotonically increasing function of cosmological time. The asymptotic value of
the volume is that of in maximally symmetric de Sitter space-time. The
monotonic property of the volume is checked in two cases: in vacuum and in the
presence of a massless scalar field. In vacuum, the volume flow (with respect
to cosmological time) asymptotically vanishes if and only if future space-like
infinity is 3-manifold of constant curvature. The volume flow thus represents
irreversibility of asymptotic evolution in spacetimes with positive
cosmological constant.Comment: 15 pages, no figures; v.2: conjecture 1 on p. 11 made more precise;
version published in jhe
D-branes, String Cosmology and Large Extra Dimensions
D-branes are fundamental in all scenarios where there are large extra
dimensions and the string scale is much smaller than the four-dimensional
Planck mass. We show that this current picture leads to a new approach to
string cosmology where inflation on our brane is driven by the large extra
dimensions and the issue of the graceful exit becomes inextricably linked to
the problem of the stabilization of the extra dimensions, suggesting the
possibility of a common solution. We also show that branes may violently
fluctuate along their transverse directions in curved spacetime, possibly
leading to a period of brane-driven inflation. This phenomenon plays also a
crucial role in many other cosmological issues, such as the smoothing out of
the cosmological singularities and the generation of the baryon asymmetry on
our three brane.Comment: LaTeX file, 4 page
Quantum gravity corrections to the Schwarzschild mass
Vacuum spherically symmetric Einstein gravity in dimensions can be
cast in a two-dimensional conformal nonlinear sigma model form by first
integrating on the -dimensional (hyper)sphere and then performing a
canonical transformation. The conformal sigma model is described by two fields
which are related to the Arnowitt-Deser-Misner mass and to the radius of the
-dimensional (hyper)sphere, respectively. By quantizing perturbatively
the theory we estimate the quantum corrections to the ADM mass of a black hole.Comment: 18 pages, 8 figures, LaTeX2e, uses epsfig package, accepted for
publication in Phys. Rev.
A minimal set of invariants as a systematic approach to higher order gravity models: Physical and Cosmological Constraints
We compare higher order gravity models to observational constraints from
magnitude-redshift supernova data, distance to the last scattering surface of
the CMB, and Baryon Acoustic Oscillations. We follow a recently proposed
systematic approach to higher order gravity models based on minimal sets of
curvature invariants, and select models that pass some physical acceptability
conditions (free of ghost instabilities, real and positive propagation speeds,
and free of separatrices). Models that satisfy these physical and observational
constraints are found in this analysis and do provide fits to the data that are
very close to those of the LCDM concordance model. However, we find that the
limitation of the models considered here comes from the presence of
superluminal mode propagations for the constrained parameter space of the
models.Comment: 12 pages, 6 figure
About Bianchi I with VSL
In this paper we study how to attack, through different techniques, a perfect
fluid Bianchi I model with variable G,c and Lambda, but taking into account the
effects of a -variable into the curvature tensor. We study the model under
the assumption,div(T)=0. These tactics are: Lie groups method (LM), imposing a
particular symmetry, self-similarity (SS), matter collineations (MC) and
kinematical self-similarity (KSS). We compare both tactics since they are quite
similar (symmetry principles). We arrive to the conclusion that the LM is too
restrictive and brings us to get only the flat FRW solution. The SS, MC and KSS
approaches bring us to obtain all the quantities depending on \int c(t)dt.
Therefore, in order to study their behavior we impose some physical
restrictions like for example the condition q<0 (accelerating universe). In
this way we find that is a growing time function and Lambda is a decreasing
time function whose sing depends on the equation of state, w, while the
exponents of the scale factor must satisfy the conditions
and
, i.e. for all equation of state relaxing in this way the
Kasner conditions. The behavior of depends on two parameters, the equation
of state and a parameter that controls the behavior of
therefore may be growing or decreasing.We also show that through
the Lie method, there is no difference between to study the field equations
under the assumption of a var affecting to the curvature tensor which the
other one where it is not considered such effects.Nevertheless, it is essential
to consider such effects in the cases studied under the SS, MC, and KSS
hypotheses.Comment: 29 pages, Revtex4, Accepted for publication in Astrophysics & Space
Scienc
Phase Behavior of Aqueous Na-K-Mg-Ca-CI-NO3 Mixtures: Isopiestic Measurements and Thermodynamic Modeling
A comprehensive model has been established for calculating thermodynamic properties of multicomponent aqueous systems containing the Na{sup +}, K{sup +}, Mg{sup 2+}, Ca{sup 2+}, Cl{sup -}, and NO{sub 3}{sup -} ions. The thermodynamic framework is based on a previously developed model for mixed-solvent electrolyte solutions. The framework has been designed to reproduce the properties of salt solutions at temperatures ranging from the freezing point to 300 C and concentrations ranging from infinite dilution to the fused salt limit. The model has been parameterized using a combination of an extensive literature database and new isopiestic measurements for thirteen salt mixtures at 140 C. The measurements have been performed using Oak Ridge National Laboratory's (ORNL) previously designed gravimetric isopiestic apparatus, which makes it possible to detect solid phase precipitation. Water activities are reported for mixtures with a fixed ratio of salts as a function of the total apparent salt mole fraction. The isopiestic measurements reported here simultaneously reflect two fundamental properties of the system, i.e., the activity of water as a function of solution concentration and the occurrence of solid-liquid transitions. The thermodynamic model accurately reproduces the new isopiestic data as well as literature data for binary, ternary and higher-order subsystems. Because of its high accuracy in calculating vapor-liquid and solid-liquid equilibria, the model is suitable for studying deliquescence behavior of multicomponent salt systems
Measurement of the top-quark mass using a leptonic invariant mass in pp collisions at s√ = 13 TeV with the ATLAS detector
A measurement of the top-quark mass (mt) in the tt¯
→ lepton + jets channel is presented, with an experimental technique which exploits semileptonic decays of b-hadrons produced in the top-quark decay chain. The distribution of the invariant mass mℓμ of the lepton, ℓ (with ℓ = e, μ), from the W-boson decay and the muon, μ, originating from the b-hadron decay is reconstructed, and a binned-template profile likelihood fit is performed to extract mt. The measurement is based on data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 36.1 fb−1 of s√
= 13 TeV pp collisions provided by the Large Hadron Collider and recorded by the ATLAS detector. The measured value of the top-quark mass is mt = 174.41 ± 0.39 (stat.) ± 0.66 (syst.) ± 0.25 (recoil) GeV, where the third uncertainty arises from changing the PYTHIA8 parton shower gluon-recoil scheme, used in top-quark decays, to a recently developed setup
Changes in the structure of pathogens of calculous pyelonephritis complicated with diabetes mellitus type ii, in the hospital urology of the city of Volgograd
Among the diseases complicating the course of calculous pyelonephritis, are among the leaders of diabetes mellitus, which is associated with reduced immune response, deterioration of renal hemodynamics, the reduced sensitivity to antibacterial drugs. The purpose of the study is to improve the results of treatment of patients with calculous pyelonephritis and diabetes mellitus type 2. The materials and methods of research. We studied 179 people. This was a retrospective pharmaco-epidemiological analysis of medical records of patients who were treated in 2009 and 2013, in hospital of Volgograd. Women in the study was greater than 99(by 55.4%), males - 80 (44,6%). All patients underwent standard clinical examination, with mandatory bacteriological urine analysis, ultrasound study of kidneys.RESULTS: During the observation period of 2009 and 2013 in patients with calculous pyelonephritis and type 2 diabetes, the major pathogens were representatives of the family Enterobacteriaceae. E.coli strains are constituted - 12 (54,5%), K. pneumoniae - 4 (18.1%) strains. In other etiologically significant microorganisms were Enterococcus spp. - 3 (13.6%) strain, P. aeruginosa - strain 2 (9%). The group of other (4.5%), we have carried pathogens isolated in the singular: Erobacter spp, S. aureus, and Klebsiella oxytoca. In patients with infection of the upper urinary tract and diabetes, there is a pronounced trend to decrease sensitivity to all groups of antibiotics. Sensitivity to unprotected penicillins and fluoroquinolones has decreased almost twice. Resistance to aminoglycosides of patients in this group increased by 23%. In patients with chronic calculous pyelonephritis and diabetes mellitus type 2 is high sensitivity of the main causative agents of infection to cephalosporins of the third and fourth generation (92%), protected beta-lactam penicillins (amoxicillin/clavulanate) - 86,4%, to carbapenemam is 89.4%.CONCLUSIONS: For the empiric treatment of infections of the upper urinary tract in patients with diabetes mellitus, can be recommended drugs: protected beta-lactam penicillins, cephalosporins of the third and fourth generation, carbapenem
Changes in the structure of pathogens of calculous pyelonephritis complicated with diabetes mellitus type ii, in the hospital urology of the city of Volgograd
Among the diseases complicating the course of calculous pyelonephritis, are among the leaders of diabetes mellitus, which is associated with reduced immune response, deterioration of renal hemodynamics, the reduced sensitivity to antibacterial drugs. The purpose of the study is to improve the results of treatment of patients with calculous pyelonephritis and diabetes mellitus type 2. The materials and methods of research. We studied 179 people. This was a retrospective pharmaco-epidemiological analysis of medical records of patients who were treated in 2009 and 2013, in hospital of Volgograd. Women in the study was greater than 99(by 55.4%), males - 80 (44,6%). All patients underwent standard clinical examination, with mandatory bacteriological urine analysis, ultrasound study of kidneys.RESULTS: During the observation period of 2009 and 2013 in patients with calculous pyelonephritis and type 2 diabetes, the major pathogens were representatives of the family Enterobacteriaceae. E.coli strains are constituted - 12 (54,5%), K. pneumoniae - 4 (18.1%) strains. In other etiologically significant microorganisms were Enterococcus spp. - 3 (13.6%) strain, P. aeruginosa - strain 2 (9%). The group of other (4.5%), we have carried pathogens isolated in the singular: Erobacter spp, S. aureus, and Klebsiella oxytoca. In patients with infection of the upper urinary tract and diabetes, there is a pronounced trend to decrease sensitivity to all groups of antibiotics. Sensitivity to unprotected penicillins and fluoroquinolones has decreased almost twice. Resistance to aminoglycosides of patients in this group increased by 23%. In patients with chronic calculous pyelonephritis and diabetes mellitus type 2 is high sensitivity of the main causative agents of infection to cephalosporins of the third and fourth generation (92%), protected beta-lactam penicillins (amoxicillin/clavulanate) - 86,4%, to carbapenemam is 89.4%.CONCLUSIONS: For the empiric treatment of infections of the upper urinary tract in patients with diabetes mellitus, can be recommended drugs: protected beta-lactam penicillins, cephalosporins of the third and fourth generation, carbapenem