571 research outputs found
Ultra-high-pressure generation in the relativistic transparency regime in laser-irradiated nanowire arrays
Evidence of reduced surface electron-phonon scattering in the conduction band of Bi_{2}Se_{3} by non-equilibrium ARPES
The nature of the Dirac quasiparticles in topological insulators calls for a
direct investigation of the electron-phonon scattering at the \emph{surface}.
By comparing time-resolved ARPES measurements of the TI Bi_{2}Se_{3} with
different probing depths we show that the relaxation dynamics of the electronic
temperature of the conduction band is much slower at the surface than in the
bulk. This observation suggests that surface phonons are less effective in
cooling the electron gas in the conduction band.Comment: 5 pages, 3 figure
Респираторная функция у детей с муковисцидозом, с сопутствующей бронхиальной астмой и оториноларингической патологией
Catedra Pediatrie, Facultatea Rezidenţiat şi Secundariat Clinic, USMF „Nicolae Testemiţanu”, Conferinţa naţională ştiinţifico-practică în domeniul otorinolaringologiei pediatrice, 30 octombrie 2009, Chişinău, Republica MoldovaThis study included 26 children 6-18 years old. The study group consisted of 13 children with associated cystic fibrosis (CF), bronchial asthma and otorhinolaryngological (ORL) diseases. The control group included 13 children with CF without signs of asthma and ORL diseases. The results of the study showed the increased frequency of atopic family history, antecedents of personal allergy (atopic dermatitis, allergic rhinitis), and ORL pathology in children from the study group. The spirographic values were significantly lower (p>0,001) in CF associated with bronchial asthma (FVC 54.38±4.2%, FEV1 54.92±5.45%, FEF25-75 60.84±9.57%) than in that of the children from the control group (FVC 67.89±2.4%, FEV1 72.84±2.8%, FEF25-75 115±5.43%).
В настоящую работу были включены 26 детей в возрасте 6-18 лет. Основную группу составили 13 детей с муковисцидозом, с сопутствующей бронхиальной астмой и ЛОР патологией, а контрольную группу – 13 детей с муковисцидозом без признаков бронхиальной астмы и ЛОР патологии. Полученные данные доказали наличие семейной предрасположенности к аллергическим заболеваниям, наличие аллергической и ЛОР патологии в анамнезе, которые преобладали в основной группе. Спирометрическое исследование выявило более выраженную (p>0,001) дисфункцию проходимости бронхов у детей с муковисцидозом и бронхиальной астмой (ЖЕЛ 54,38±4,2%, ОФВ1 54,92±5,45%, сос25-75 60,84±9,57%) в сравнении с детьми контрольной группы (ЖЕЛ 67,89±2,4%, ОФВ1 72,84±2,8%, сос25-75 115±5,43%)
Mapping the Evolution of Optically-Generated Rotational Wavepackets in a Room Temperature Ensemble of D
A coherent superposition of rotational states in D has been excited by
nonresonant ultrafast (12 femtosecond) intense (2 10
Wcm) 800 nm laser pulses leading to impulsive dynamic alignment.
Field-free evolution of this rotational wavepacket has been mapped to high
temporal resolution by a time-delayed pulse, initiating rapid double
ionization, which is highly sensitive to the angle of orientation of the
molecular axis with respect to the polarization direction, . The
detailed fractional revivals of the neutral D wavepacket as a function of
and evolution time have been observed and modelled theoretically.Comment: 4 pages, 3 figures. Accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. A. Full
reference to follow.
Possible observation of parametrically amplified coherent phasons in K0.3MoO3 using time-resolved extreme-ultraviolet ARPES
We use time- and angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (tr-ARPES) in the
Extreme Ultraviolet (EUV) to measure the time- and momentum-dependent
electronic structure of photo-excited K0.3MoO3. Prompt depletion of the Charge
Density Wave (CDW) condensate launches coherent oscillations of the amplitude
mode, observed as a 1.7-THz-frequency modulation of the bonding band position.
In contrast, the anti-bonding band oscillates at about half this frequency. We
attribute these oscillations to coherent excitation of phasons via parametric
amplification of phase fluctuations.Comment: 4 figure
Quantum Quenching of Radiation Losses in Short Laser Pulses
Acceptance date not available: used date of last revision on arXi
Formation of the X-ray line emission spectrum of excimer laser-produced plasmas
Time- and space-integrated emission spectra measurements have been performed in plasma produced by 308 nm wavelength XeCl laser radiation (IL = (4–10)·1012 W/cm2, τ = 10 ns) and by 248 nm wavelength KrF laser pulse train radiation (IL = 5·1015 W/cm2, τ = 7 ps, 16 pulses in train) on CF2 plane target. Theoretical modelling of Lyman series and He-like ion resonance series of fluorine and its fit of experimental data show considerable differences in the absorption of laser radiation in the two plasmas
Short-pulse, extreme-ultraviolet continuum emission from a table-top laser plasma light source
We have observed extreme-ultraviolet (XUV) “line-free” continuum emission from laser plasmas of high atomic number elements using targets irradiated with 248 nm laser pulses of 7 ps duration at a power density of ∼ 1013 W/cm2. Using both dispersive spectroscopy and streak camera detection, the spectral and temporal evolution of XUV continuum emission for several target atomic numbers has been measured on a time scale with an upper limit of several hundred picoseconds limited by amplified spontaneous emission
739 observed NEAs and new 2-4m survey statistics within the EURONEAR network
We report follow-up observations of 477 program Near-Earth Asteroids (NEAs)
using nine telescopes of the EURONEAR network having apertures between 0.3 and
4.2 m. Adding these NEAs to our previous results we now count 739 program NEAs
followed-up by the EURONEAR network since 2006. The targets were selected using
EURONEAR planning tools focusing on high priority objects. Analyzing the
resulting orbital improvements suggests astrometric follow-up is most important
days to weeks after discovery, with recovery at a new opposition also valuable.
Additionally we observed 40 survey fields spanning three nights covering 11 sq.
degrees near opposition, using the Wide Field Camera on the 2.5m Isaac Newton
Telescope (INT), resulting in 104 discovered main belt asteroids (MBAs) and
another 626 unknown one-night objects. These fields, plus program NEA fields
from the INT and from the wide field MOSAIC II camera on the Blanco 4m
telescope, generated around 12,000 observations of 2,000 minor planets (mostly
MBAs) observed in 34 square degrees. We identify Near Earth Object (NEO)
candidates among the unknown (single night) objects using three selection
criteria. Testing these criteria on the (known) program NEAs shows the best
selection methods are our epsilon-miu model which checks solar elongation and
sky motion and the MPC's NEO rating tool. Our new data show that on average 0.5
NEO candidates per square degree should be observable in a 2m-class survey (in
agreement with past results), while an average of 2.7 NEO candidates per square
degree should be observable in a 4m-class survey (although our Blanco
statistics were affected by clouds). At opposition just over 100 MBAs (1.6
unknown to every 1 known) per square degree are detectable to R=22 in a 2m
survey based on the INT data, while our two best ecliptic Blanco fields away
from opposition lead to 135 MBAs (2 unknown to every 1 known) to R=23.Comment: Published in Planetary and Space Sciences (Sep 2013
Cholesterol-containing lipid nanodiscs promote an α-synuclein binding mode that accelerates oligomerization
Dysregulation of the biosynthesis of cholesterol and other lipids has been implicated in many neurological diseases, including Parkinson's disease. Misfolding of α-synuclein (α-Syn), the main actor in Parkinson's disease, is associated with changes in a lipid environment. However, the exact molecular mechanisms underlying cholesterol effect on α-Syn binding to lipids as well as α-Syn oligomerization and fibrillation remain elusive, as does the relative importance of cholesterol compared to other factors. We probed the interactions and fibrillation behaviour of α-Syn using styrene–maleic acid nanodiscs, containing zwitterionic and anionic lipid model systems with and without cholesterol. Surface plasmon resonance and thioflavin T fluorescence assays were employed to monitor α-Syn binding, as well as fibrillation in the absence and presence of membrane models. 1H-15N-correlated NMR was used to monitor the fold of α-Syn in response to nanodisc binding, determining individual residue apparent affinities for the nanodisc-contained bilayers. The addition of cholesterol inhibited α-Syn interaction with lipid bilayers and, however, significantly promoted α-Syn fibrillation, with a more than a 20-fold reduction of lag times before fibrillation onset. When α-Syn bilayer interactions were analysed at an individual residue level by solution-state NMR, we observed two different effects of cholesterol. In nanodiscs made of DOPC, the addition of cholesterol modulated the NAC part of α-Syn, leading to stronger interaction of this region with the lipid bilayer. In contrast, in the nanodiscs comprising DOPC, DOPE and DOPG, the NAC part was mostly unaffected by the presence of cholesterol, while the binding of the N and the C termini was both inhibited.publishedVersio
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