Historical and cultural heritage as a factor for the tourist development of a city

The article considers the influence of historical and cultural heritage preservation on the development of the tourist potential of Kazan. Today, the protection of cultural heritage is one of the state priorities. The Republic of Tatarstan is distinguished by a rich cultural heritage. Multicultural and multi-confessional nature are present on this land traditionally. The capital of the republic - the city of Kazan - is visited annually by millions of tourists. The authors pay a special attention to the most visited tourist sites of the city: the museum-reserve "Kazan Kremlin", the Old-Tatar Sloboda, the Kazan Bogoroditsky Monastery and the historical center. In recent years, full-scale works have been carried out in the field of cultural heritage preservation, in particular on designated sites, whose results are now witnessed by the residents and the tourists of Kazan. In order to popularize the cultural heritage and attract the tourists to the city, Kazan museums conduct an active exhibition, methodical, publishing and other activities. All necessary infrastructure for the reception of tourists is created in the historical center of the city: hotels, food and specialized trade places. The cultural heritage of the city and modern tourist realities do not contradict, but complement each other harmoniously.peer-reviewe

Constraints on the axion-electron coupling for solar axions produced by Compton process and bremsstrahlung

The search for solar axions produced by Compton ($\gamma+e^-\rightarrow e^-+A$) and bremsstrahlung-like ($e^-+Z \rightarrow Z+e^-+A$) processes has been performed. The axion flux in the both cases depends on the axion-electron coupling constant. The resonant excitation of low-lying nuclear level of $^{169}\rm{Tm}$ was looked for: $A+^{169}$Tm $\rightarrow ^{169}$Tm$^*$ $\rightarrow ^{169}$Tm $+ \gamma$ (8.41 keV). The Si(Li) detector and $^{169}$Tm target installed inside the low-background setup were used to detect 8.41 keV $\gamma$-rays. As a result, a new model independent restriction on the axion-electron and the axion-nucleon couplings was obtained: $g_{Ae}\times|g^0_{AN}+ g^3_{AN}|\leq 2.1\times10^{-14}$. In model of hadronic axion this restriction corresponds to the upper limit on the axion-electron coupling and on the axion mass $g_{Ae}\times m_A\leq3.1\times10^{-7}$ eV (90% c.l.). The limits on axion mass are $m_A\leq$ 105 eV and $m_A\leq$ 1.3 keV for DFSZ- and KSVZ-axion models, correspondingly (90% c.l.).Comment: 7 pages, 4 figure

“... And Their Mosques From Churches of God to Build in Distant Places”: to Qquestion of Formation of Interethnic and Interfaith Borders in Western Siberia in 18^th Century

The process of building ethno-religious boundaries in the 18th century in the social space of Western Siberia is considered on the example of the provincial center — Tobolsk. The relevance of the study is due to the transformation of ethno-confessionalism from a cultural phenomenon into an instrument that can be used for political purposes in modern Russia. One of the methodological research tools is the method of analysis of the “new local history”, which allows you to create a holistic perception of the study of the social life of the past “at a local object”. The main stages of the state ethno-confessional policy in the 18th century are highlighted. The facts of the forced Christianization of Muslims are clarified. The authors draw attention to the role of the personal (subjective) factor in the processes under study. On the example of the activities of Metropolitan Sylvester Glovatsky and the governor F. I. Soimonov, the vector of the development of interfaith relations is considered, which often depends on the foresight and ideological attitudes of local authorities. Particular attention is paid to government decrees reflecting the position of the state in the ethno-religious sphere. The features are revealed and the main stages of the process of Christianization of Siberian Muslims during the 18th century are highlighted. The process of formation of interfaith boundaries in the multiethnic Siberian region is analyzed. The historiography of the topic under study is presented

Composition of Population of Tatar Settlement of Tobolsk according to the “Census Book of Tatar Yurts in River Irtyshu” (Second Half of 17th Century)

Based on the materials of the Russian State Archive of Ancient Acts (RSAAA), questions of the ethnic composition of the main city of Siberia - Tobolsk in the XVII century are examined. Attention is paid to the characteristics of various groups of the urban Turkic population. A review of census books on Siberia of the 17th century is completed. Particular attention is paid to the analysis of the “Census book of Tatar yurts in river Irtysh”, introduced by the authors into scientific circulation. The results of a comparative analysis of data from the census book of 1682 with other sources are presented. The question is raised about the features of the population formation of the Tatar settlement of Tobolsk. It is proved that the formation of the Tatar urban population included various categories of the Turkic population. A classification and characterization of such population groups of the city of Tobolsk as service Tatars, feudally dependent Tatars, and Bokharans are proposed. The novelty of the study is determined primarily by the lack of knowledge of the ethnic composition of Siberian cities, in particular, in the 17th century. The relevance of the study is due to the need to identify ways of forming the population of the Siberian capital

Reaction of N-Phosphoryl(thio)amides with Stannic Chloride

N-Dialkoxyphosphinoylamides react with SnCl4 without rupture of the NH bonds to form stable 1:1 complexes. Replacement of one or both oxygen atoms in the P=O and C=O groups of these compounds by a sulfur atom changes the composition of the complexes and may result in an ionic mechanism of complexation. Nonacylated amidophosphate and thioamidophosphate form 2:1 and 1:1 complexes, respectively

Possibilities of pathogenetic correction of hyperkinetic disorders taking into account an acid-base balance

As a result of analysis of the available scientific data, a significant relationship between hyperkinetic syndromes and changes in the acid-base state has been revealed. The provoking effect of alkalosis on the occurrence and severity of hyperkinetic disorders was confirmed. An own example of effective treatment of patient with essential myoclonus with taking in account his acid-base state has been given. The addition of acetylsalicylic acid to the treatment with clonazepam caused a more significant decrease in the severity of hyperkinetic disorders and improved the patient’s general condition and his quality of life. So that we suggest studying of acid-base balance in patients with hyperkinetic syndromes and syndrome of increased neuromuscular excitability in the outpatient setting and in hospital conditions at the making of initial diagnosis, and also recommend studying of acid-base balance in patients who already have neurological diagnoses, if such a study has not been made previously. Correction of acid-base status in the treatment of patients with hyperkinetic syndromes and the syndrome of increased neuromuscular excitability contributes to greater effectiveness of therapy than just symptomatic treatment of hyperkinetic disorders

Возможности патогенетической коррекции гиперкинетических нарушений с учетом состояния кислотно-основного баланса

As a result of analysis of the available scientific data, a significant relationship between hyperkinetic syndromes and changes in the acid-base state has been revealed. The provoking effect of alkalosis on the occurrence and severity of hyperkinetic disorders was confirmed. An own example of effective treatment of patient with essential myoclonus with taking in account his acid-base state has been given. The addition of acetylsalicylic acid to the treatment with clonazepam caused a more significant decrease in the severity of hyperkinetic disorders and improved the patient’s general condition and his quality of life. So that we suggest studying of acid-base balance in patients with hyperkinetic syndromes and syndrome of increased neuromuscular excitability in the outpatient setting and in hospital conditions at the making of initial diagnosis, and also recommend studying of acid-base balance in patients who already have neurological diagnoses, if such a study has not been made previously. Correction of acid-base status in the treatment of patients with hyperkinetic syndromes and the syndrome of increased neuromuscular excitability contributes to greater effectiveness of therapy than just symptomatic treatment of hyperkinetic disorders.В результате анализа имеющихся научных данных выявлена существенная взаимосвязь между гиперкинетическими синдромами и изменениями кислотноосновного состояния. Подтверждено провоцирующее действие алкалоза на возникновение и выраженность гиперкинетических нарушений. Приведен собственный пример эффективного лечения пациента с эссенциальной миоклонус с учетом его кислотно-основного состояния. Авторы предлагают изучать кислотно-основного баланс у пациентов с гиперкинетическими синдромами и синдромом повышенной нервно-мышечной возбудимости в амбулаторных и в стационарных условиях при постановке первоначального диагноза, а также рекомендуют такого рода диагностику для пациентов, уже имеющих неврологические диагнозы. Коррекция кислотноосновного состояния способствует большей эффективности терапии, чем просто симптоматическое лечение таких нарушений

Search for Solar Axions Produced in p(d,3He)Ap(d,\rm{^3He})A Reaction with Borexino Detector

A search for 5.5-MeV solar axions produced in the $p+d\rightarrow\rm{^3He}+A (5.5 \rm{MeV})$ reaction was performed using the Borexino detector. The Compton conversion of axions to photons, ${\rm A}+e\rightarrow e+\gamma$; the axio-electric effect, ${\rm A}+e+Z\rightarrow e+Z$; the decay of axions into two photons, ${\rm A}\rightarrow2\gamma$; and inverse Primakoff conversion on nuclei, ${\rm A}+Z\rightarrow\gamma+Z$, are considered. Model independent limits on axion-electron ($g_{Ae}$), axion-photon ($g_{A\gamma}$), and isovector axion-nucleon ($g_{3AN}$) couplings are obtained: $|g_{Ae}\times g_{3AN}| \leq 5.5\times 10^{-13}$ and $|g_{A\gamma}\times g_{3AN}| \leq 4.6\times 10^{-11} \rm{GeV}^{-1}$ at $m_A <$ 1 MeV (90% c.l.). These limits are 2-4 orders of magnitude stronger than those obtained in previous laboratory-based experiments using nuclear reactors and accelerators.Comment: 11 pages, 7 figures, submitted to Phys.Rev.

Search for electron antineutrino interactions with the Borexino Counting Test Facility at Gran Sasso

Electron antineutrino interactions above the inverse beta decay energy of protons (E_\bar{\nu}_e>1.8) where looked for with the Borexino Counting Test Facility (CTF). One candidate event survived after rejection of background, which included muon-induced neutrons and random coincidences. An upper limit on the solar $\bar{\nu}_{e}$ flux, assumed having the $^8$B solar neutrino energy spectrum, of 1.1$\times10^{5}$ cm$^{-2}$~s$^{-1}$ (90% C.L.) was set with a 7.8 ton $\times$ year exposure. This upper limit corresponds to a solar neutrino transition probability, $\nu_{e} \to \bar{\nu}_{e}$, of 0.02 (90% C.L.). Predictions for antineutrino detection with Borexino, including geoneutrinos, are discussed on the basis of background measurements performed with the CTF.Comment: 10 pages, 9 figures, 5 table