A comparative assessment of the effects of fresh and saltwater on soluble proteins and surimi made from Hypophthalmichthys molitrix

Due to the special taste of the Silver carp, the fish is not used for production of Surimi. Researchers have shown that water soluble proteins in water and brine have significant effects on the taste, flavor and odor of the Surimi produced from the fish. In this study, the effects of washing minced meat of Silver carp with fresh water and brine with 1.5 and 2.5 percent salt for 5, 10 and 15 minutes on the taste of Surimi and its shelf life cold stored for 120 days were investigated. We prepared three lots of minced meat from silver carp and each lot was washed with fresh water and brine with 1.5 and 2.5 percent salt, for 5, 10 and 15 minutes. The extracted water soluble proteins from fresh water washing were 1.3, 2.7, and 4.01 and for brine were 2, 4.2, 6.3 and 2.96 5.92 and 9 percent of the total protein of the fish for 1.5% and 2.5% salt respectively. A taste panel ranked the Surimi made from minced meat after washing with 1.5% brine for 10 minutes as the best in terms of taste, flavor and odor. We recorded a change in protein content of the Surimi made from minced meat washed with fresh water and be and stored for 120 days at -18°C, from 17.02 to 16.46, 14.73 to 13.5 and 12.03 to 11.5%, respectively. TVN for the same samples were increased from 9.76 to 13.2, 8.43 to 12.10 and 7.03 to 1 Img/100g. Changes in peroxide value were zero to 1.9, zero to 1, and zero to 0.8 Milli-equivalents/1000g. The total count of the bacteria for these Surimi samples were between 15 to zero colonies after 120 days storage at 48 C. Data from the different chemical, microbial, and sensory quality measurement were subjected to one way Anova and Ducan's multiple range test and the results showed a significant difference between the treatments at P<0.05. For production of Surimi from washing minced meat of silver carp is better to wash minced meat with 1.5% brine for 10 minutes. The Surimi's nutrition rate including: Protein 16.83%; fat 2.2%; moisture 82.65% and ash 1.5%

Expression of human interferon gamma in Brassica napus seeds

Expressions of heterologous proteins in suitable plant tissues and targeting it into subcellular compartments using specific signals have been studied. Seed-based platforms are among those that allow recombinant proteins to stably accumulate at a relatively high concentration in a compact biomass. In this study, we used seed specific promoter (Napin) and C-terminal KDEL sequence to express human therapeutic protein, interferon gamma (IFN_y) in Brassica napus seeds. Kozak sequence was linked to the 5' end of the IFN_y gene to increase the level of expression. The constructed cassette was transformed into rapeseed. Presence and expression of the transgene were confirmed in the transformants by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and sodium dodecylsulfatepolyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). Analysis of transgenic plants by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), dot blot and western blot indicated that IFN_y protein is being expressed in B. napus seeds and is as active as the standard IFN_y. Our results indicate that plant seeds have tremendous potential for production of recombinant proteins as ‘natural bioreactors’.Key words: Interferon gamma, KDEL retention signal, seed specific promoter, Brassica napus, recombinant proteins

High Performance Control of Grid Connected Cascaded H-Bridge Active Rectifier Based on Type II-Fuzzy Logic Controller with Low Frequency Modulation Technique

This paper tries to employ a fuzzy logic (FL) controller type II to control the Cascaded H-Bridge (CHB) active rectifier. This controller has strong performance, specially, when a low switching frequency Selective Harmonic Elimination (SHE) method is used. In order to regulate all of the DC link voltages, the optimum voltage balancing strategy in the low frequency modulation technique is used in the proposed method. Finally, the performance and effectiveness of the proposed method is validated in MATLAB environment.   All the simulation and result has been simulated by MATLAB software

A critical review of bioactive glasses and glass–ceramics in cancer therapy

There is an ongoing profound shift in using glass as a primarily passive material to one that instills active properties. We believe and demonstrate that bioactive glasses (BGs) and glass–ceramics (BGCs) as functional biomaterials for cancer therapy can transform the world of healthcare in the 21st century. Melt/gel-derived BGs and BGCs can carry many exotic elements, including less common rare-earth, and trigger highly efficient anticancer properties via the combination of radiotherapy, photothermal therapy, magnetic hyperthermia, along with drug or therapeutic ions delivery. The addition of these dopants modifies the bioactivity, imparts novel functionalities, and induces specific biological effects that are not achievable using other classes of biomaterials. In this paper, we have briefly reviewed and discussed the current knowledge on promising compositions, processing parameters, and applications of BGs and BGCs in treating cancer. We also envisage the need for further research on this particular, unique class of BGs and BGCs

Density of states within the bandgap of perovskite thin films studied using the moving grating technique

In this work, we further study the moving grating technique applied to halide perovskite thin-film materials. First, we show some problems that emerge when analyzing the experimental data with the classical formulation, which does not distinguish between free and trapped carriers and hence only gives average quantities for the transport parameters. We show that using a more general framework, taking into account the multiple trapping of carriers within a density of localized states, allows for an accurate description. Since it includes the density of states (DOS) of the material, it enables the possibility to test different DOS models proposed in the past for halide perovskite thin films. We check whether these models give rise to the type of curves we have measured under different experimental conditions. Finally, we propose a new model for the DOS in the forbidden gap, which results in the best fit found for the measurements performed. This allows us to give ranges of values for the parameters that define the DOS, which, as far as we know, are given for the first time

Algorithms for Art Gallery Illumination

We consider a variant of the Art Gallery Problem, where a polygonal region is to be covered with light sources, with light fading over distance. We describe two practical algorithms, one based on a discrete approximation, and another based on nonlinear programming by means of simplex partitioning strategies. For the case where the light positions are given, we describe a fully polynomial-time approximation scheme. For both algorithms we present an experimental evaluation

Unital Design Based Sink Location Service for Wireless Sensor Networks

In wireless sensor networks (WSNs), providing source node with sink position is an essential principle for geographic routing protocols. Previous works have only focused on the problem of sink localization in a 2-D sensing field while that of 3-D WSNs has received little attention. Providing sink location service with low control overhead and energy consumption is a challenging issue in 3-D WSNs area. In this paper, we propose a unital design based sink location service (UDSL) for WSNs. In this scheme, sink location announcement (SLA) and sink location query (SLQ) packets are forwarded along two paths or blocks. The node located at the intersection of the two paths sends the sink position to the source. In the proposed method, SLA and SLQ messages are constructed using unital design blocks. For this purpose, a mapping from unital design to sink location service has been proposed. However, this basic mapping does not guarantee an intersection of paths,therefore, we propose an enhanced UDSL providing 100 probability of intersection. In order to analyze the proposed scheme's performance, extensive WSNs simulations and experiments have been conducted. The results indicate that UDSL provides reasonable performance in terms of hop counts, path length, and energy consumption for providing sink location service. © 2013 IEEE

Measurements of scattering observables for the pdpd break-up reaction

High-precision measurements of the scattering observables such as cross sections and analyzing powers for the proton-deuteron elastic and break-up reactions have been performed at KVI in the last two decades and elsewhere to investigate various aspects of the three-nucleon force (3NF) effects simultaneously. In 2006 an experiment was performed to study these effects in $\vec{p}+d$ break-up reaction at 135 MeV with the detection system, Big Instrument for Nuclear polarization Analysis, BINA. BINA covers almost the entire kinematical phase space of the break-up reaction. The results are interpreted with the help of state-of-the-art Faddeev calculations and are partly presented in this contribution.Comment: Proceedings of 19th International IUPAP Conference on Few-Body Problems in Physics, Bonn University, 31.08 - 05.09.2009, Bonn, GERMAN