11 research outputs found
Wanted dead or alive : high diversity of macroinvertebrates associated with living and ’dead’ Posidonia oceanica matte
The Mediterranean endemic seagrass Posidonia
oceanica forms beds characterised by a dense leaf canopy
and a thick root-rhizome ‘matte’. Death of P. oceanica
shoots leads to exposure of the underlying matte, which
can persist for many years, and is termed ‘dead’ matte.
Traditionally, dead matte has been regarded as a degraded
habitat. To test whether this assumption was
true, the motile macroinvertebrates of adjacent living
(with shoots) and dead (without shoots) matte of
P. oceanica were sampled in four different plots located
at the same depth (5–6 m) in Mellieha Bay, Malta
(central Mediterranean). The total number of species
and abundance were significantly higher (ANOVA;
P<0.05 and P<0.01, respectively) in the dead matte
than in living P. oceanica matte, despite the presence of
the foliar canopy in the latter. Multivariate analysis
(MDS) clearly showed two main groups of assemblages,
corresponding to the two matte types. The amphipods
Leptocheirus guttatus and Maera grossimana, and the
polychaete Nereis rava contributed most to the dissimilarity
between the two different matte types. Several
unique properties of the dead matte contributing to the
unexpected higher number of species and abundance of
motile macroinvertebrates associated with this habitat
are discussed. The findings have important implications
for the conservation of bare P. oceanica matte, which
has been generally viewed as a habitat of low ecological
value.peer-reviewe
Biomarkers as indicators of sedimentary organic matter sources and early diagenetic transformation of pentacyclic triterpenoids in a tropical mangrove ecosystem
Mangrove vegetation covers extensive areas along Brazilian tropical coasts and accumulates large amounts of organic carbon in the intertidal sediments. We have investigated the molecular biomarker composition of mangrove sediments from the Potengi estuary North-East Brazil. To characterise sources and fate of sedimentary organic matter (OM), a direct analytical pyrolysis approach was used. The sediment pyrolysates yielded homologous series of aliphatic compounds (n-alkane/n-alkene doublets, n-alkanoic acid and n-alkan-2-ones), triterpenoids and lignin-derived methoxphenols, indicating that most of the sedimentary OM input originates from terrestrial vascular plants. High abundance of long-chain n-alk-1-ene series with an even carbon number predominance peaking at C-28:1-most likely originated from local mangrove vegetation-is found co-eluted with the saturated odd carbon n-alkane series. The occurrence of lignin and n-alkan-2-one biomarkers in the sediments has provided parallel information about the input from vascular plants dominating the intertidal zone. This was further corroborated by the presence of the triterpenols (beta-amyrin, and germanicol), that provided chemotaxonomic information on mangrove derived leaf wax in sedimentary OM. The unsaturated triterpenoid including teraxerol acetate, olean-12-ene, olean-18-ene, oleana-11, 13(18)-diene, a-neoursa-3(5), 12-diene and aneooleana-3(5), 12-diene, were also observed in sediment pyrolysates. The presence of these unsaturated pentacyclic triterpenoids revealed an early diagenetic alteration of terrestrial OM in the sediments. This study has demonstrated that routine application of analytical pyrolysis may provide important insight into the sources of sedimentary OM and its diagenetic fate in mangrove intertidal sediments.EU Erasmus Mundus Joint Doctorate fellowshipEUEuropean Union (EU) [282845, 308392]MINECO project INTERCARBON [CGL2016-78937-R]info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio