61 research outputs found

    International Veterinary Epilepsy Task Force recommendations for systematic sampling and processing of brains from epileptic dogs and cats

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    Traditionally, histological investigations of the epileptic brain are required to identify epileptogenic brain lesions, to evaluate the impact of seizure activity, to search for mechanisms of drug-resistance and to look for comorbidities. For many instances, however, neuropathological studies fail to add substantial data on patients with complete clinical work-up. This may be due to sparse training in epilepsy pathology and or due to lack of neuropathological guidelines for companion animals. The protocols introduced herein shall facilitate systematic sampling and processing of epileptic brains and therefore increase the efficacy, reliability and reproducibility of morphological studies in animals suffering from seizures. Brain dissection protocols of two neuropathological centres with research focus in epilepsy have been optimised with regards to their diagnostic yield and accuracy, their practicability and their feasibility concerning clinical research requirements. The recommended guidelines allow for easy, standardised and ubiquitous collection of brain regions, relevant for seizure generation. Tissues harvested the prescribed way will increase the diagnostic efficacy and provide reliable material for scientific investigations

    Overview of the JET ITER-like wall divertor

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    Power exhaust by SOL and pedestal radiation at ASDEX Upgrade and JET

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    ELM divertor peak energy fluence scaling to ITER with data from JET, MAST and ASDEX upgrade

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    Multi-machine scaling of the main SOL parallel heat flux width in tokamak limiter plasmas

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    Assessment of erosion, deposition and fuel retention in the JET-ILW divertor from ion beam analysis data

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    Progress in understanding disruptions triggered by massive gas injection via 3D non-linear MHD modelling with JOREK

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    3D non-linear MHD simulations of a D 2 massive gas injection (MGI) triggered disruption in JET with the JOREK code provide results which are qualitatively consistent with experimental observations and shed light on the physics at play. In particular, it is observed that the gas destabilizes a large m/n = 2/1 tearing mode, with the island O-point coinciding with the gas deposition region, by enhancing the plasma resistivity via cooling. When the 2/1 island gets so large that its inner side reaches the q = 3/2 surface, a 3/2 tearing mode grows. Simulations suggest that this is due to a steepening of the current profile right inside q = 3/2. Magnetic field stochastization over a large fraction of the minor radius as well as the growth of higher n modes ensue rapidly, leading to the thermal quench (TQ). The role of the 1/1 internal kink mode is discussed. An I p spike at the TQ is obtained in the simulations but with a smaller amplitude than in the experiment. Possible reasons are discussed

    Social needs and preferences in the aspect of forest landscape shaping

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    Morphological, anatomical and genetic differentiation of Cornus mas, Cornus officinalis and their interspecific hybrid

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    Cornus mas L., C. officinalis Sieb. et Zucc. and their putative interspecific hybrid specimens were examined in order to describe their morphological, anatomical and genetic differentiation. Petiole length, number of leaf veins, pedicel and bract length, stone size, thickness of pericarp layers, the size and number of locules and the number of cavities were measured. Pedicels and bracts were shown to be significantly longer for C. mas (7.22 and 6.95 mm) and for the putative hybrid (9.11 and 6.61 mm) than for C. officinalis (6.86 and 5.81 mm, respectively). Average values of stone width and thickness, exocarp and mesocarp thickness, the number of cavities in the endocarp obtained for the putative hybrid differed significantly in comparison to C. mas and were similar to C. officinalis. Genotypes of the examined species were evaluated for genetic relationships using random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers. Initial screening of the bulks of C. mas and C. officinalis compared with their putative hybrid using 72 decamer random primers resulted in the identification of 24 primers differentiating both species and their putative hybrid and showing reliable polymorphisms. Among a total of 485 amplified fragments, 89.7% were polymorphic, 18.8% were specific to C. mas individuals, and 18.6% were specific to the individuals of C. officinalis. In obtained profiles of the examined hybrid individual specific products absent in the genotypes of both parents were observed. The phylogenetic tree revealed two separate clusters including C. mas and C. officinalis accessions, respectively. The biggest genetic distance was observed for hybrid specimens, although the hybrid belonged to the C. mas cluster

    Flora roślin naczyniowych wybranych cmentarzy Poznania

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    The presence of 395 species of vascular flora at four rarely used cemeteries within the Poznań city was confirmed in 2010. Apart from naturally occurring species, cultivated species were noted equally. Among species appearing spontaneously between the graves, species new for the flora of Poland: Chionodoxa forbesii, Ch. luciliae, Puschkinia scilloides, new for the flora of Wielkopolska: Bidens ferulifolius, Hyacinthoides hispanica and new for the flora of Poznań: Erigeron ramosus, Lilium bulbiferum, Pimpinella nigra, Poa subcaerulea, Veronica hederifolia s.s., were recorded. Names of taxa originating from cultivation are underlined.W niniejszej pracy po raz pierwszy opisano i zanalizowano pod kątem przynależności do grup geograficzno- historycznych, socjologiczno-ekologicznych oraz form życiowych florę naczyniową czterech cmentarzy zlokalizowanych na terenie Poznania. Badaniami objęto cmentarz Jeżycki, Górczyński, parafii p. w. Bożego Ciała oraz p.w. Św. Jana Vianneya. Na ich obszarze stwierdzono występowanie 395 gatunków roślin naczyniowych. Występowanie największej liczby gatunków stierdzono na cmentarzu parafii p. w. Bożego Ciała (218 gatunków), a w drugiej kolejności na cmentarzu parafii p.w. Św. Jana Vianneya (210 gatunków). Gatunki roślin naczyniowych stwierdzone na czterech badanych cmentarzach reprezentowały pełne spektrum form życiowych Raunkiaera, przy czym najbardziej liczną grupę stanowiły hemikryptofity. W odniesieniu do klasyfikacji określającej stopień pokrycia roślin naczyniowych występujących na badanych cmentarzach, grupa gatunków o niewielkim, nie przekraczjącym 5% stopniu pokrycia była najliczniejsza, a w odniesieniu do przynależności do grup georafczno-historycznych najliczniejszą grupę stanowiły gatunki rodzime – apofity i spontaneofity. Wśród gatunków występujących spontanicznie poza grobami są gatunki nowe dla flory Polski: Chionodoxa forbesii, Ch. luciliae, Puschkinia scilloides oraz dla fory Wielkopolski: Bidens ferulaefolius, Hyacinthoides hispanica i dla flory Poznania: Erigeron ramosus, Lilium bulbiferum, Pimpinella nigra, Poa subcaerulea, Veronica hederifolia s.s. Wśród starych, uprawianych od lat roślin naczyniowych zaliczonych do „trwałych gatunków cmentarnych” czyli takich, które po posadzeniu na cmentarzu pozostają w dobrej formie, rosną, a nawet rozprzestrzeniają się pomimo braku pielęgnacji (Czarna, 2001), wymienić należy w warstwie zielnej: Aegopodium podagraria, A. podagraria ‘Variegatum’, Aquilegia vulgaris, Asparagus officinalis, Ballota nigra, Bergenia cordifolia, Campanula rapunculoides, Clematis vitalba, Convallaria majalis, Dianthus barbatus, Digitalis purpura, Gagea arvensis, G. pratensis, Galanthus nivalis, Hedera helix, Hemerocallis fulva, Iris germanica, Jovibarba sobolifera, Lamium album, Lilium bulbiferum, Muscari botryoides, Myosotis sylvatica, Narcissus poëticus, Ornithogalum umbellatum, Parthenocissus quinquefolia, Polygonatum multiflorum, Saponaria officinalis, Scilla sibirica, Sedum spurium, Solidago canadensis, Vinca minor, Viola cyanea i V. odorata. Wymienione gatunki są bardzo dobrymi fitoindykatorami starych miejsc pocmentarnych na terenie całej Wielkopolski. Do „trwałych gatunków” wprowadzanych na cmentarze w ostatnich latach zaliczyć należy na czterech zbadanych cmentarzach: Bidens ferulaefolius, Campanula rapunculoides, Dipsacus sylvestris, Erigeron annuus, E. ramosus, Euphorbia marginata, Leucanthemum vulgare, Papaver somniferum, Petunia ×atkinsiana, Solidago canadensis i Tanacetum parthenium. We florze badanych cmentarzy stwierdzono także obecność kilku gatunków, które należą do obecnie najczęściej uprawianych i popularnych roślin rocznych. Należą do nich: Ageratum houstonianum, Begonia semperflorens, Impatiens waleriana, Lobelia erinus, Pelargonium zonale, Salvia splendens, Senecio cineraria, Tagetes patula. W odniesieniu do roślin naczyniowych również współcześnie popularnych, ale rzadko uprawianych na cmentarzach, zanotowano występowanie następujących gatunków roślin: Campanula poscharskyana, Chlorophytum comosum, Chrysanthemum indicum, Dimorphotheca sinuata, Dorotheanthus bellidiformis, Exacum affine, Heliopsis helianthoides, Mesembryanthemum criniflorum, Plectranthus forsteri i Verbena ×hybrida. Wymienione wyżej gatunki należą do roślin nie zimujących w naszym klimacie
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