Mass Taxon-Sampling as a Strategy towards Illuminating the Natural History of Campanula (Campanuloideae)

Speciose clades usually harbor species with a broad spectrum of adaptive strategies and complex distribution patterns, and thus constitute ideal systems to disentangle biotic and abiotic causes underlying species diversification. The delimitation of such study systems to test evolutionary hypotheses is difficult because they often rely on artificial genus concepts as starting points. One of the most prominent examples is the bellflower genus Campanula with some 420 species, but up to 600 species when including all lineages to which Campanula is paraphyletic. We generated a large alignment of petD group II intron sequences to include more than 70% of described species as a reference. By comparison with partial data sets we could then assess the impact of selective taxon sampling strategies on phylogenetic reconstruction and subsequent evolutionary conclusions

The bear in Eurasian plant names: Motivations and models

Ethnolinguistic studies are important for understanding an ethnic group's ideas on the world, expressed in its language. Comparing corresponding aspects of such knowledge might help clarify problems of origin for certain concepts and words, e.g. whether they form common heritage, have an independent origin, are borrowings, or calques. The current study was conducted on the material in Slavonic, Baltic, Germanic, Romance, Finno-Ugrian, Turkic and Albanian languages. The bear was chosen as being a large, dangerous animal, important in traditional culture, whose name is widely reflected in folk plant names. The phytonyms for comparison were mostly obtained from dictionaries and other publications, and supplemented with data from databases, the co-authors' field data, and archival sources (dialect and folklore materials). More than 1200 phytonym use records (combinations of a local name and a meaning) for 364 plant and fungal taxa were recorded to help find out the reasoning behind bear-nomination in various languages, as well as differences and similarities between the patterns among them. Among the most common taxa with bear-related phytonyms were Arctostaphylos uva-ursi (L.) Spreng., Heracleum sphondylium L., Acanthus mollis L., and Allium ursinum L., with Latin loan translation contributing a high proportion of the phytonyms. Some plants have many and various bear-related phytonyms, while others have only one or two bear names. Features like form and/or surface generated the richest pool of names, while such features as colour seemed to provoke rather few associations with bears. The unevenness of bear phytonyms in the chosen languages was not related to the size of the language nor the present occurence of the Brown Bear in the region. However, this may, at least to certain extent, be related to the amount of the historical ethnolinguistic research done on the selected languages

Data for: Changes in pyramidal and granular neuron numbers in the rat hippocampus 7 days after exposure to a continuous 900-MHz electromagnetic field during early and mid-adolescence

All data used in the study.THIS DATASET IS ARCHIVED AT DANS/EASY, BUT NOT ACCESSIBLE HERE. TO VIEW A LIST OF FILES AND ACCESS THE FILES IN THIS DATASET CLICK ON THE DOI-LINK ABOV

Some pomological traits of different pomegranate varieties grown in sanliurfa - Turkey

Pomegranate is grown mainly in tropics and subtropics and it can grow in arid and semi-arid regions. In Turkey it is spread in all the Mediterranean, Eagan and coastal area as well as in the Southeast Anatolia Region. It is adapted to dry, low relative humidity conditions. In the Southeast Anatolian Region of Turkey, pomegranate is mainly used as fruit juice or salad. The cultivated varieties have been selected by growers among chance seedlings. In this paper, the traits of some regional pomegranate varieties will be compared. These varieties are Katir Nari, Kus Nari, Millesi, Suruc Tatli Nary, Boncuk, etc. selected in Southeast Anatolia, especially in Sanliurfa province. Other varieties such as Devedisi, Mayhos, Cekirdeksiz, Fellahyemez were selected in other parts of Turkey

Effects of preharvest drip-irrigation scheduling on strawberry yield, quality and growth

Strawberry (Fragaria x ananassa Duch) cultivars, Oso Grande and Camarosa were grown in the field from July 1999 to May 2000 in order to investigate the effectiveness of preharvest drip-irrigation management on fruit yield, quality (i.e. soluble dry matter, fruit size), leaf macro-nutrient composition and normal growth parameters. All plots were irrigated uniformly until 2 weeks before harvest. Differential treatments were then imposed ranging from a complete cut-off of irrigation to full irrigation through the harvest period. Preharvest drip-irrigation management treatments were (i) complete irrigation cut-off, dry (D), (ii) normal irrigation based on class A pan and percentage cover (C), (iii) 75% of normal irrigation, C (IR1), (iv) 50% of normal irrigation, C (IR2), and (v) 25% of normal irrigation, C (IR3). Normal irrigation (control, C) was created by irrigating plants once every 2 days at 100% A pan (Epan) evaporation. No irrigation (D) and IR3 treatments caused reductions in most parameters measured, except water-soluble dry matter concentrations (SDM) in fruit compared with other treatments. There were no significant differences between C, IR1, and IR2 treatments in normal growth parameters or leaf nutrient composition. Fruit size and SDM were both significantly affected by late-season irrigation management; individual fruit weight was significantly reduced and SDM increased even in the IR2 and IR3 treatments compared with control values. Fruit yield was not affected significantly by reduced water application except in the D treatment. These results clearly indicate that reduced preharvest irrigation was partially detrimental; a small reduction in irrigation (IR1) had little or no effect but 50% or less of normal irrigation, while not reducing overall fruit yield, resulted in smaller fruits.Peer reviewe

Multimodality imaging findings of visceral myopathy in a child presenting with palpable abdominal mass

Visceral myopathy is a rare cause of intestinal obstruction characterized by intestinal dysmotility and constipation. Patients often present with recurrent abdominal pain, vomiting and abdominal distension. We report a rare case of visceral myopathy in a child presenting with intraabdominal mass. We aimed to describe ultrasound, computed tomography and magnetic resonance enterography findings of this rare disease that has not been demonstrated before. Differential diagnosis of mural thickening with distinguishable layers in addition to intestinal dilatation in the absence of mesenteric inflammation includes visceral myopathy

The Effect of 900-Megahertz Electromagnetic Field Exposure in the First and Middle Adolescent Period on the Spleen in Male Rats: A Biochemical and Histopathological Study

Aim: Adolescents are at risk due to the intensive use of mobile phones. The aim of this study was to investigate the histopathological and biochemical effects of 900-Megahertz electromagnetic field on spleen in late adolescent period, exposed during periods of early and mid-adolescence. Material and Methods: In this study, 24 Sprague Dawley 21-day-old male rats were divided into control (n=8), sham (n=8) and electromagnetic field groups (n=8). Control group rats were not subjected to any application. Electromagnetic field group rats were taken into the electromagnetic field cage and were exposed to 900-Megahertz electromagnetic field (1 hour per day for 25 days). Sham group rats were taken into the electromagnetic field cages but were not exposed to electromagnetic field. At the end of the treatment, all animals were sacrificed by cervical dislocation method and the spleens were removed. After histological procedures, tissue sections were taken and stained with hematoxylin-eosin and periodic acid Schiff. Histopathological evaluation was performed on the spleen tissues. Oxidative stress parameters including lipid peroxidation, superoxide dismutase, glutathione and catalase levels were investigated via biochemical analysis. Results: Histopathological evaluation revealed megakaryocyte cells, enlarged white pulps and dilated sinusoids in spleen tissues of adolescent rats in electromagnetic field group. According to biochemical analysis results, it was determined that glutathione and lipid peroxidation values were increased, but superoxide dismutase and catalase values were decreased. Conclusion: It can be said that the 900-Megahertz electromagnetic field applied in adolescent period caused morphological changes on spleen tissue and caused oxidative stress in male rats. © 2019, Duzce University Medical School. All rights reserved