Ultrasound Orientation Sensor

Ultrasound (US) is a painless method of gaining a visual representation of the internal structures of a human body. It is used to look for diseases and other abnormalities. In effort to minimize and eliminate the amount of error generated by the operation of an US machine, a team of WPI students conducted research into the causes and reasons as to why these problems are not resolved. Ultimately, the team approached the problem through the use of an inertial measurement unit (IMU), and the development of a graphical user interface to track the orientation of an US probe. The results supported that feedback regarding probe orientation can increase the ability to reproduce ultrasound images

Asphyxie Perinatale Au Service De Neonatologie De L’hopital De La Paix De Ziguinchor (Senegal)

Introduction: Perinatal asphyxia (PA) is one of the reasons for the transfer of the newborn to neonatal resuscitation services. The objective of this work was to study the epidemiological, obstetrical, clinical and evolutionary aspects of PA at the Ziguinchor Peace Hospital. Materials and methods: This was a retrospective study of cases of hospitalized HAs during the period 1 December 2015 to 31 May 2017. The diagnosis of PA was based on an anomaly of the rhythm Fetal heart rate and / or amniotic fluid abnormality; A score of Apgar <7 at the 5th minute and / or the absence of an immediate cry at birth. We collected epidemiological, obstetric, clinical and evolutionary data. Results: We collected 153 cases of PA (90 boys and 63 girls) among 742 newborns, an incidence of 20.6% of neonatal hospitalizations. The mean age of mothers was 17.2 years; 82.0% of mothers were between 18 and 35 years of age and half (50.3%) had four or more NPCs. Anemia (37.0%), maternal infection (36.4%), hypertension (30.9%), premature rupture of membranes (RPM) (28.6%), eclampsia and Preeclampsia (9.9%) were the main obstetric complications. The delivery was performed by Caesarean section in 52.3% of cases and by low procedure in 47.7% of cases. The term of birth was between 37 and 41 SA in 53.3% of the cases. The amniotic fluid (LA) was tinted in 55.7% of the cases and meconium in 12.3%. At the 5th minute, 42.6% of the infants had an Apgar score <7. One hundred percent of the children (n = 153) had been aspirated at birth and 24.8% (n = 38) had been ventilated To the mask. One hundred and twenty-three patients (80.3%) had anoxo-ischemic encephalopathy, of which 95 (77.2%) were in stage 1; 27 (22.0%) were in stage 2 and 1 (0.8%) was in stage 3 of the Sarnat classification. The main neurological signs were the anomalies of archaic reflexes (64.2%); Tone disorders (57.7%); Disorders of consciousness (22.8%); Convulsions (21.9%). The case fatality rate was 10.4% (16 deaths). Deaths were significantly associated with low birth, MMP, mask ventilation, respiratory distress, and convulsion. Conclusion: PA accounts for 20.6% of neonatal hospitalizations at the Ziguinchor Peace Hospital. Its lethality is 10.4%. It is associated with high morbidity

Efficacy of a county-wide schools weight management intervention

AIMS: This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of the Local Authority commissioned large-scale public health service that provided a 6-week school-based weight management intervention for children aged 4–19 years. METHODS: A quantitative retrospective cohort study identified participants from 130 schools consisting of 8550 potential children aged 4−19 years across a mixture of Lower Super Output Area (LSOA) deprivation groups. Participants were invited to take part in a 5- to 12-week Healthy Lifestyles intervention with a focus on weight management delivered by OneLife Suffolk between 1 January 2017 and 1 January 2020. This resulted in a final sample of 5163 participants. The following information for each child was collected anonymously: (1) age, (2) gender, (3) preprogramme body mass index (BMI), (4) postprogramme BMI, (5) weight category and (6) LSOA category. RESULTS: Following the 6-week school-based intervention, there was a significant decrease in mean ΔBMI SDS (standardised body mass index) of −0.07 (−14.89%) among participants. Wilcoxon signed-rank test showed a significant change in weight status post 6-week weight management programme (WMP): BMI (Z = −15.87, p < .001), BMI SDS (Z = −21.54, p < .001), centile (Z = −20.12, p < .01) and weight category (Z = −7.89, p < .001), whereas Mann−Whitney U test showed no statistically significant difference in mean BMI SDS change between gender groups (p = .24) and Kruskal−Wallis test revealed no statistically significant differences in mean BMI SDS change between child LSOA groups (c(2)(4) = 1.67, p = .796), school LSOA groups (c(2)(4) = 4.72, p = .317), ethnic groups (c(2)(4) = 2.53, p = .640) and weight category at the start of the intervention (c(2)(3) = 6.20, p = .102). CONCLUSIONS: This study contributes to the growing body of evidence demonstrating the efficacy of multicomponent school-based weight management interventions and demonstrates that such interventions can be successfully implemented as part of a wider healthy lifestyles service, without widening health inequalities

Funiculars anomalies during childbirth: about 562 cases collected in Pikine National Hospital

Background: Establish an epidemiological description of the different types of umbilical cord anomalies in our reference structure and to assess their impact on the prognosis of childbirth.Methods: We conducted a descriptive study, cross over a period of one year in Obstetrics and Gynecology Service Level III of Pikine Hospital. We included all women in labor have reached the term less than 28 weeks gestation and delivering a newborn with umbilical cord abnormality diagnosed during labor or during the expulsion.Results: During this period, we compiled 562 anomalies of the umbilical cord, which gave a frequency of 23.8%. Length discrepancies were far the most frequent (67.4%). Only the prolapsed cord was an independent risk factor for cesarean section (p = 0.036). The rate of episiotomy and tear was significantly higher in case of brevity (primitive or induced) cord (p = 0.042). Apgar score ≤7 was significantly related to the presence of brevity (p = 0.000), excessive length (p = 0.048) or cord prolapse (p = 0.037).Conclusions: This study has allowed us to see that the funicular abnormalities impede the smooth running of childbirth. Their occurrence is facilitated by the excess amniotic fluid, prematurity and low birth weight. Their research during prenatal ultrasounds should be systematic

Resource Planning for Neglected Tropical Disease (NTD) Control Programs: Feasibility Study of the Tool for Integrated Planning and Costing (TIPAC).

<p>Resource Planning for Neglected Tropical Disease (NTD) Control Programs: Feasibility Study of the Tool for Integrated Planning and Costing (TIPAC)</p

Prevalence and sociodemographic correlates of stunting, underweight, and overweight among Palestinian school adolescents (13-15 years) in two major governorates in the West Bank

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>There is little information about height and weight status of Palestinian adolescents. The objective of this paper was to assess the prevalence of stunting, underweight, and overweight/obesity among Palestinian school adolescents (13-15 years) and associated sociodemographic factors in 2 major governorates in the West Bank.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>A Cross-sectional survey was conducted in 2005 comprising 1942 students in 65 schools in Ramallah and Hebron governorates. Data was collected through self-administered questionnaires from students and parents. Weights and heights were measured. Overweight and obesity were assessed using the 2000 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) reference and the International Obesity Task Force (IOTF) criteria. Stunting and underweight were assessed using the 2000 CDC reference.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Overweight/obesity was more prevalent in Ramallah than in Hebron and affected more girls than boys. Using the 2000 CDC reference, the prevalence of overweight and obesity in Ramallah among boys was 9.6% and 8.2%, respectively versus 15.6% and 6.0% among girls (P < 0.01). In Hebron, the corresponding figures were 8.5% and 4.9% for boys and 13.5% and 3.4% for girls (P < 0.01). Using the IOTF criteria, the prevalence of overweight and obesity among boys in Ramallah was 13.3% and 5.2%, respectively versus 18.9% and 3.3% for girls. The prevalence of overweight and obesity among boys in Hebron was 10.9% and 2.2%, respectively versus 14.9% and 2.0% for girls. Overweight/obesity was associated with high standard of living (STL) among boys and with the onset of puberty among girls. More boys were underweight than girls, and the prevalence was higher in Hebron (12.9% and 6.0% in boys and girls, respectively (P < 0.01)) than in Ramallah (9.7% and 3.1% in boys and girls, respectively (p < 0.01)). The prevalence of stunting was similar in both governorates, and was higher among boys (9.2% and 9.4% in Ramallah and Hebron, respectively) than among girls (5.9% and 4.2% in Ramallah and Hebron, respectively). Stunting was negatively associated with father's education among boys and with urban residence, medium STL and onset of puberty among girls.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>Under- and overnutrition co-exist among Palestinian adolescents, with differences between sexes. Region, residence, STL, and onset of puberty were associated factors.</p