Insuffisance renale chronique et medicaments antidiabetiques. [Chronic kidney disease and antidiabetic treatment]

Diabetic nephropathy is the leading cause of chronic renal failure (CRF) in Europe. About fifty percent of diabetic subjects develop microalbuminuria, which progresses towards established diabetic nephropathy in one third of patients. The treatment of type 2 diabetes in a patient with CRF is a challenge for the general practitioner, because of the accumulation of drugs and/or specific metabolites. Sulfonylureas are associated with an increased risk of hypoglycaemia. Biguanides may exceptionally cause life-threatening lactic acidosis. Glitazones have an interesting profile since they decrease microalbuminuria and blood pressure. However, their safety is not well defined in the context of CRF In the case of severe CRF, only insulin and repaglinide can be recommended

Poor neutralization and rapid decay of antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 variants in vaccinated dialysis patients.

Funder: Swiss Kidney FoundationPatients on dialysis are at risk of severe course of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Understanding the neutralizing activity and coverage of SARS-CoV-2 variants of vaccine-elicited antibodies is required to guide prophylactic and therapeutic COVID-19 interventions in this frail population. By analyzing plasma samples from 130 hemodialysis and 13 peritoneal dialysis patients after two doses of BNT162b2 or mRNA-1273 vaccines, we found that 35% of the patients had low-level or undetectable IgG antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 Spike (S). Neutralizing antibodies against the vaccine-matched SARS-CoV-2 and Delta variant were low or undetectable in 49% and 77% of patients, respectively, and were further reduced against other emerging variants. The fraction of non-responding patients was higher in SARS-CoV-2-naïve hemodialysis patients immunized with BNT162b2 (66%) than those immunized with mRNA-1273 (23%). The reduced neutralizing activity correlated with low antibody avidity. Patients followed up to 7 months after vaccination showed a rapid decay of the antibody response with an average 21- and 10-fold reduction of neutralizing antibodies to vaccine-matched SARS-CoV-2 and Delta variant, which increased the fraction of non-responders to 84% and 90%, respectively. These data indicate that dialysis patients should be prioritized for additional vaccination boosts. Nevertheless, their antibody response to SARS-CoV-2 must be continuously monitored to adopt the best prophylactic and therapeutic strategy