Avaliação do período de floração e frutificação do banco ativo de germoplasma do jaborandi.

O jaborandi (Pilocarpus microphyllus Stapf ex wardleworth) pertencente à família Rutaceae está entre as plantas com efeito medicinal comprovado, sendo considerada uma espécie prioritária em programas de conservação. O Banco Ativo de Germoplasma (BAG) do jaborandi foi estabelecido em 1992, no Horto de Plantas Medicinais da EMBRAPA Amazônia Oriental, ano em que o jaborandi entrou na lista do IBAMA de espécies ameaçadas de extinção. Através do acompanhamento diário dessa espécie, foi possível avaliar o seu período de floração e frutificação no período de 2009 a 2010, buscando conhecer o melhor momento para a coleta de material vegetal. O BAG jaborandi teve floração e frutificação durante todo o período avaliado. O mês de setembro de 2010 foi o mês com maior número de dias de floração e o menor o mês de novembro de 2009. Os meses de abril e julho de 2009 e maio, junho e julho de 2010 foram os meses que apresentaram o maior número de acessos floridos. Quanto à frutificação, setembro de 2010 foi o mês onde ocorreu o maior número de dias de frutificação e o mês de junho de 2009 foi o menor. O maior número de acessos que frutificaram ocorreu nos meses de maio e julho de 2009 e maio, junho e julho de 2010.PIBIC-2011

Avaliação fenológica e screening fitoquímico de Mansoa alliacea (LAM.) A. Gentry - Bignoniaceae.

O trabalho teve como objetivo determinar o período de floração e frutificação do cipó d?alho cultivado no horto de plantas medicinais da Embrapa Amazônia Oriental. O estudo foi realizado no período de agosto de 2010 a maio de 2011. O cipó d?alho apresentou um período de 3 a 20 dias de floração sem ocorrer frutificação, favorecendo a coleta de folhas. O screening fitoquímico identificou a presença de oito compostos químicos naturais do metabolismo secundário da Mansoa alliacea.PIBIC-2011

Avaliação fenológica e screening fitoquímico de Averrhoa carambola L.- Oxalidaceae.

O trabalho teve como objetivo determinar o período de floração e frutificação da carambola cultivada no horto de plantas medicinais da Embrapa Amazônia Oriental. O estudo foi realizado no período de agosto de 2010 a maio de 2011. A carambola apresentou um período de 15 a 21 dias de floração e frutificação, favorecendo a coleta de folhas por mês, sendo que o mês de janeiro apresentou o maior número de dias em que a espécie floresceu e frutificou. Enquanto, o mês de dezembro foi o que apresentou o menor número (15 dias). O screening fitoquímico identificou a presença de 14 compostos químicos naturais do metabolismo secundário da Averrhoa carambola.PIBIC-2011

Avaliação da regeneração de ramos de jaborandi (Pilocarpus microphyllus Stapf ex wardleworth).

Entre as plantas que possuem efeito medicinal comprovado, o jaborandi (Pilocarpus microphyllus Stapf ex wardleworth) é considerado planta obrigatória em programas de conservação. Das folhas, são extraídas sais de pilocarpina, cuja principal ação ocorre no tratamento contra o glaucoma. Nesse sentido, estudos relacionados com a regeneração de ramos de jaborandi são fundamentais no manejo para a colheita de folhas dessa espécie. Os acessos avaliados na pesquisa foram: Maisa, Merck cultivado a pleno sol e Merck cultivado à sombra; foram utilizados dois tipos de corte nos ramos, respectivamente, a 10 e 20 cm das bifurcações dos ramos. O acesso Merck cultivado a pleno sol obteve maiores resultado em relação ao número de folíolos e comprimento da brotação na altura de corte de 10 cm. Na altura de corte de 20 cm, o maior número de folíolos foi obtido pelos acessos Merck cultivado a pleno sol e na sombra e em relação ao comprimento da brotação o acesso, que sobressaio sobre os demais foi o Merck cultivado a pleno sol.PIBIC-2011

Dynamical masses of the low-mass stellar binary AB Doradus B

Context. ABDoradus is the main system of the ABDoradus moving group. It is a quadruple system formed by two widely separated binaries of pre-main-sequence (PMS) stars: ABDorA/C and ABDor Ba/Bb. The pair ABDorA/C has been extensively studied and its dynamical masses have been determined with high precision, thus making of ABDorC a benchmark for calibrating PMS stellar models. If the orbit and dynamical masses of the pair ABDor Ba/Bb can be determined, they could not only play a similar role to that of ABDorC in calibrating PMS models, but would also help to better understand the dynamics of the whole ABDoradus system. Aims. We aim to determine the individual masses of the pair ABDor Ba/Bb using VLBI observations and archive infrared data, as part of a larger program directed to monitor binary systems in the ABDoradus moving group. Methods. We observed the system ABDor B between 2007 and 2013 with the Australian Long Baseline Array (LBA), at a frequency of 8.4 GHz in phase-reference mode. Results. We detected, for the first time, compact radio emission from both stars in the binary, ABDor Ba and ABDor Bb. This result allowed us to determine the orbital parameters of both the relative and absolute orbits and, consequently, their individual dynamical masses: 0.28±0.05M_sun and 0.25±0.05M_sun, respectively. Conclusions. Comparisons of the dynamical masses with the prediction of PMS evolutionary models show that the models underpredict the dynamical masses of the binary components Ba and Bb by ~30 and 40%, respectively, although they all still agree at the 2-sigma level. The same stellar models favour an age between 50 and 100 Myr for this system. We also discuss the evolutionary status of ABDor Ba/Bb in terms of an earlier double-double star scenario that might explain the strong radio emission detected in both components

Effectiveness of anti-psychotics and related drugs in the Huntington French-speaking group cohort.

PURPOSE: Huntington's disease is a rare condition. Patients are commonly treated with antipsychotics and tetrabenazine. The evidence of their effect on disease progression is limited and no comparative study between these drugs has been conducted. We therefore compared the effectiveness of antipsychotics on disease progression. METHODS: 956 patients from the Huntington French Speaking Group were followed for up to 8 years between 2002 and 2010. The effectiveness of treatments was assessed using Unified Huntington's Disease Rating Scale (UHDRS) scores and then compared using a mixed model adjusted on a multiple propensity score. RESULTS: 63% of patients were treated with antipsychotics during the survey period. The most commonly prescribed medications were dibenzodiazepines (38%), risperidone (13%), tetrabenazine (12%) and benzamides (12%). There was no difference between treatments on the motor and behavioural declines observed, after taking the patient profiles at the start of the drug prescription into account. In contrast, the functional decline was lower in the dibenzodiazepine group than the other antipsychotic groups (Total Functional Capacity: 0.41 ± 0.17 units per year vs. risperidone and 0.54 ± 0.19 vs. tetrabenazine, both p<0.05). Benzamides were less effective than other antipsychotics on cognitive evolution (Stroop interference, Stroop color and Literal fluency: p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Antipsychotics are widely used to treat patients with Huntington's disease. Although differences in motor or behavioural profiles between patients according to the antipsychotics used were small, there were differences in drug effectiveness on the evolution of functional and cognitive scores

Annihilation of structural defects in chalcogenide absorber films for high-efficiency solar cells

Dieser Beitrag ist mit Zustimmung des Rechteinhabers aufgrund einer (DFG geförderten) Allianz- bzw. Nationallizenz frei zugänglich.This publication is with permission of the rights owner freely accessible due to an Alliance licence and a national licence (funded by the DFG, German Research Foundation) respectively.In polycrystalline semiconductor absorbers for thin-film solar cells, structural defects may enhance electron-hole recombination and hence lower the resulting energy conversion efficiency. To be able to efficiently design and optimize fabrication processes that result in high-quality materials, knowledge of the nature of structural defects as well as their formation and annihilation during film growth is essential. Here we show that in co-evaporated Cu(In,Ga)Se-2 absorber films the density of defects is strongly influenced by the reaction path and substrate temperature during film growth. A combination of high-resolution electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, scanning tunneling microscopy, and X-ray diffraction shows that Cu(In,Ga)Se-2 absorber films deposited at low temperature without a Cu-rich stage suffer from a high density of - partially electronically active - planar defects in the {112} planes. Real-time X-ray diffraction reveals that these faults are nearly completely annihilated during an intermediate Cu-rich process stage with [Cu]/([In] + [Ga]) > 1. Moreover, correlations between real-time diffraction and fluorescence analysis during Cu-Se deposition reveal that rapid defect annihilation starts shortly before the start of segregation of excess Cu-Se at the surface of the Cu(In,Ga)Se-2 film. The presented results hence provide direct insights into the dynamics of the film-quality-improving mechanism

Elevated visual dependency in young adults after chemotherapy in childhood

Chemotherapy in childhood can result in long-term neurophysiological side-effects, which could extend to visual processing, specifically the degree to which a person relies on vision to determine vertical and horizontal (visual dependency). We investigated whether adults treated with chemotherapy in childhood experience elevated visual dependency compared to controls and whether any difference is associated with the age at which subjects were treated. Visual dependency was measured in 23 subjects (mean age 25.3 years) treated in childhood with chemotherapy (CTS) for malignant, solid, non-CNS tumors. We also stratified CTS into two groups: those treated before 12 years of age and those treated from 12 years of age and older. Results were compared to 25 healthy, age-matched controls. The subjective visual horizontal (SVH) and vertical (SVV) orientations was recorded by having subjects position an illuminated rod to their perceived horizontal and vertical with and without a surrounding frame tilted clockwise and counter-clockwise 20° from vertical. There was no significant difference in rod accuracy between any CTS groups and controls without a frame. However, when assessing visual dependency using a frame, CTS in general (p = 0.006) and especially CTS treated before 12 years of age (p = 0.001) tilted the rod significantly further in the direction of the frame compared to controls. Our findings suggest that chemotherapy treatment before 12 years of age is associated with elevated visual dependency compared to controls, implying a visual bias during spatial activities. Clinicians should be aware of symptoms such as visual vertigo in adults treated with chemotherapy in childhood

Determinants of intensive insulin therapeutic regimens in patients with type 1 diabetes: data from a nationwide multicenter survey in Brazil

Background: To evaluate the determinants of intensive insulin regimens (ITs) in patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D).Methods: This multicenter study was conducted between December 2008 and December 2010 in 28 public clinics in 20 Brazilian cities. Data were obtained from 3,591 patients (56.0% female, 57.1% Caucasian). Insulin regimens were classified as follows: group 1, conventional therapy (CT) (intermediate human insulin, one to two injections daily); group 2 (three or more insulin injections of intermediate plus regular human insulin); group 3 (three or more insulin injections of intermediate human insulin plus short-acting insulin analogues); group 4, basal-bolus (one or two insulin injections of long-acting plus short-acting insulin analogues or regular insulin); and group 5, basal-bolus with continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII). Groups 2 to 5 were considered IT groups.Results: We obtained complete data from 2,961 patients. Combined intermediate plus regular human insulin was the most used therapeutic regimen. CSII was used by 37 (1.2%) patients and IT by 2,669 (90.2%) patients. More patients on IT performed self-monitoring of blood glucose and were treated at the tertiary care level compared to CT patients (p < 0.001). the majority of patients from all groups had HbA1c levels above the target. Overweight or obesity was not associated with insulin regimen. Logistic regression analysis showed that economic status, age, ethnicity, and level of care were associated with IT (p < 0.001).Conclusions: Given the prevalence of intensive treatment for T1D in Brazil, more effective therapeutic strategies are needed for long term-health benefits.Farmanguinhos/Fundacao Oswaldo Cruz/National Health MinistryBrazilian Diabetes SocietyFundacao do Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de JaneiroConselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)Univ Estado Rio de Janeiro, Unit Diabet, BR-20551030 Rio de Janeiro, BrazilBaurus Diabet Assoc, São Paulo, BrazilFed Univ São Paulo State, Diabet Unit, São Paulo, BrazilFed Univ Hosp Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, BrazilUniv Hosp São Paulo, Diabet Unit, São Paulo, BrazilUniv Fed Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, BrazilUniv Fed Ceara, Fortaleza, Ceara, BrazilSanta Casa Misericordia, Belo Horizonte, MG, BrazilSanta Casa Misericordia São Paulo, São Paulo, BrazilUniv Fed Amazonas, Manaus, Amazonas, BrazilHosp Geral de Bonsucesso, Rio de Janeiro, BrazilHosp Univ Clementino Fraga Filho IPPMG, Rio de Janeiro, BrazilUniv Hosp São Paulo, São Paulo, BrazilFac Ciencias Med Santa Casa São Paulo, São Paulo, BrazilUniv São Paulo, Inst Crianca, Hosp Clin, São Paulo, BrazilUniv São Paulo, Fac Med Ribeirao Preto, Hosp Clin, Ribeirao Preto, BrazilAmbulatorio Fac Estadual Med Sao Jose Rio Preto, Ribeirao Preto, BrazilEscola Paulista Med, Ctr Diabet, Ribeirao Preto, BrazilClin Endocrinol Santa Casa Belo Horizonte, Belo Horizonte, MG, BrazilUniv Estadual Londrina, Londrina, BrazilUniv Fed Parana, Hosp Clin, Porto Alegre, RS, BrazilInst Crianca Com Diabet Rio Grande Sul, Rio Grande Do Sul, RS, BrazilGrp Hosp Conceicao, Inst Crianca Com Diabet, Porto Alegre, RS, BrazilHosp Univ Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, SC, BrazilInst Diabet Endocrinol Joinville, Joinville, BrazilHosp Reg Taguatinga, Brasilia, DF, BrazilHosp Geral Goiania, Goiania, Go, BrazilCtr Diabet & Endocrinol Estado Bahia, Goiania, Go, BrazilUniv Fed Maranhao, Sao Luis, BrazilCtr Integrado Diabet & Hipertensao Ceara, Fortaleza, Ceara, BrazilUniv Fed Sergipe, Aracaju, BrazilHosp Univ Alcides Carneiro, Campina Grande, BrazilHosp Univ Joao de Barros Barreto, Belem, Para, BrazilFed Univ São Paulo State, Diabet Unit, São Paulo, BrazilUniv Hosp São Paulo, Diabet Unit, São Paulo, BrazilUniv Hosp São Paulo, São Paulo, BrazilEscola Paulista Med, Ctr Diabet, Ribeirao Preto, BrazilWeb of Scienc