Ecological Analysis of Bird Communites in Xiamen(Amoy) Intertidal Zone during Spring.

Sampling investigation in Xiamen intertidal zone during spring indicated that waders were the main components of intertidal avian communities and 44.4% of the components of intertidal avian communities were composed by shorebirds (charadriiformes).Among populations, Tringa totanus, Charadrius dubius, Charadrius leschenaultii, Egratta garzetta and Hirundo rustica were more common than other species.The structure of bird communities in each sampling area was analyzed, and the similarity between communities was studied by using cluster analysis method.The results demonstrated that the avian communities in Xiamen intertidal zone might be classified into three types and the community similarity was related to the intertidal base.Also, the influential factors of community diversity and the economic significance of the birds in Xiamen intertidal zone were discussed

Simultaneous Determination of Five Catechins and Caffeine in Tea by HPLC and Differentiation of Teas by Cluster Analysis

建立高效液相色谱/二极管阵列检测器(HPLC/DAD)同时测定茶叶中(-)-没食子儿茶素(GC),(-)-表没食子儿茶素(EGC),(-)-表没食子儿茶素没食子酸酯(EGCG),(-)-表儿茶素(EC),(-)-表儿茶素没食子酸酯(ECG),咖啡碱(caffeine)6种组分的分析方法,并采用聚类分析探讨以这6种活性成分为指标对茶叶进行分类的方法。采用C18柱,甲醇和0.05%三氟乙酸水溶液为流动相,梯度洗脱,DAD双波长(210、278 nm)同时检测,采用标准物质保留时间和电喷雾飞行时间质谱(ESI TOF-MS)双重定性。结果表明,各组分的色谱峰均达到基线分离,在210 nm对(-)-没食子儿茶素(GC)定量,278 nm对其它组分定量准确。该法重复性好,灵敏度高,回收率高,已用于不同种类的33种实际茶叶样品的测定。以这6种活性成分的含量为指标,采用聚类分析法可对33个红茶、黑茶、绿茶、乌龙茶样本进行合理分类,并能反映茶叶品质的差异。A method was developed for simultaneous determination of five catechins((-)-gallocatechin,(-)-epigallocatechin,(-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate,(-)-epicatechin,(-)-epicatechingallate) and caffeine by HPLC with diode array detection(DAD).The tea extract was separated on a C18 column which was then eluted with methanol and 0.05% trifuoroacetic acid solution in gradient elution mode.The chromatograms were simultaneously detected by DAD at λ210 nm for(-)-gallocatechin(GC) and at λ278 nm for the other components.Time of flight mass spectroscopy(TOF-MS) was used for qualitative analysis of real tea sample,the results showed that five catechins and caffeine were baseline separated,indicating that the six components could be determined accurately.The method has been used to determine the catechins and caffeine in 33 tea samples with satisfactory results.Cluster analysis has been used to classify 33 tea samples reasonably and to differentiate the qualities of the tea by using the concentrations of the six components as indices.青岛“2004将才计划”(04-3-JJ-11);; 崂山区崂山茶标准化技术研究(LS-05-KJ1-40

Determination of Pseudostellarin B in Pseudostellaria heterophylla by HPCE and Study on Its Fingerprints Analysis

建立了测定太子参中环肽Pseudostellarin B含量的高效毛细管电泳(HPCE)分析方法,对10种不同产地太子参中环肽Pseudostellarin B的含量进行了测定。HPCE工作条件:采用未涂层熔融石英毛细管(内径75μm,有效长度50cm),分离电压为15kV,柱温20℃,二极管阵列检测器(DAD)检测波长为203nm,缓冲液为20mmol/L硼砂(pH=9.3)溶液。在选定的工作条件下,环肽Pseudostellarin B浓度与其响应信号值之间具有较好的线性相关性(Y=0.6357X+2.546,R=0.9985),加标回收率在93.8%~105.6%之间。在此基础上进行了太子参HPCE指纹图谱研究,采用中药指纹图谱相似度计算软件对不同太子参样品的HPCE指纹图谱进行相似度计算,以系统生成的对照指纹图谱为对照模板,10份样品中有8份的相似度在0.90以上,说明该方法可用于太子参质量控制。A modern HPCE analysis method was developed for determinating cyclic peptide Pseudostellarin B in Pseudostellaria heterophylla(Miq.) Pax.Separation and determination were carried out by HPCE under the following conditions: bared fused silica capillary (50 cm×75 μm i.d.),20 mmol/L borate (pH=9.3)as buffer,the run voltage is +15 kV,detection length of UV at 203 nm,and column temperature of 20 ℃.The results indicated that the developed method was simple,accurate and reliable for the determination of Pseudostellarin B with a good linearity(Y=0.6357X+2.546,R=0.9985),and the recovery ranges of 93.8%～105.6%.Based on this method,the HPCE fingerprints of Pseudostellaria heterophylla (Miq.) Pax were established.The fingerprints were compared by the software of the similarity evaluation system for chromatographic fingerprint.The fingerprint congruence coefficients of 8 electropherograms in 10 were above 0.90.The method of HPCE fingerprint is reliable and accurate.国家自然科学基金项目(20235020);; 国家科技部攻关项目(2003BA759C

Preparation and Characteristic Research of Immobilized Acetylcholinesterase

本研究以期研制出能重复使用的固定化乙酰胆碱酯酶(ACHE),为天然产物复杂体系中ACHE抑制剂筛选新方法的发展奠定基础.以氨基化硅胶(APS-SI)微球为载体,戊二醛为交联剂对乙酰胆碱酯酶进行交联固定化,并研究了酶的最佳固定化条件和固定化酶的性质.结果表明,0.05 g氨基化硅胶微球载体,用戊二醛溶液活化6 H后,在给酶量5 u,28℃固定16 H条件下,得到固定化酶的活性最大.固定化酶在常温(20~40℃),以及较宽PH范围内(PH 6~10)均具有较高的活性,并且具有良好的保存稳定性和可重复利用率,为基于固定化靶酶亲和-色谱质谱联用分析快速筛选乙酰胆碱酯酶抑制剂新方法的发展奠定了基础.A new method for preparation of a reusable immobilized acetylcholinesterase(AchE) was developed in order to lay a foundation for screening AchE inhibitors from natural products.AchE was immobilized on aminated silica gel microspheres with glutaraldehyde as cross-linking reagent.The optimum conditions and properties of immobilized enzyme were investigated.The optimal immobilization process was as follows: 0.05 g of aminated silica gel microspheres was activated by glutaraldehyde solution for 6 h,and mixed with AChE solution with the activity of 5 U.Then,the mixture was shook for 16 h at 28 ℃.The immobilized enzyme produced by this method had the highest enzyme activity,and it could remain better activity with a wide range of pH(pH 6～10) at room temperature(20～40 ℃).The immobilized AChE showed higher storage stability and could be used repeatedly.国家自然科学基金(No.20905017);国家海洋局青年基金(No.2010140);海洋一所基本科研业务专项(No.2010G25)资助项目---

Primary Identification of Triterpene Compounds in Chizhi (Ganoderma lucidum) by HPLC-APCI-MS

采用反相高效液相色谱-二极管阵列检测器(RP-HPLC-DAD)和大气压化学电离质谱(APCI-MS)联用技术,分析赤芝中含有的三萜类化合物。使用反相C18色谱柱,以乙腈和水(含2%冰醋酸)为流动相梯度洗脱,流速为0.8ml/min,室温下,色谱检测波长253nm;用DAD检测器记录各个色谱峰的紫外吸收光谱,采用APCI-MS进行在线同步分析,记录TIC总离子流色谱图和各个色谱峰的质谱图,通过紫外光谱及质谱分析并与文献对照初步鉴定了赤芝中的32个三萜类成分。High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)-atmospheric pressure chemical ionization-mass spectrometry (APCI-MS) was applied to analyze the triterpenoids in extracts of Ganoderma lucidum. The extraction conditions are: Hypersil C4 (4.6 mm × 150 mm) column with gradient elution with acetonitrile and water (2.0% acetic acid) as mobile phase, flow-rate 0.8 ml/min, and room temperature about 25 ℃. The detection wavelength is 253 nm and the UV spectra of peaks are obtainedwith a photodiode array detector (DAD). On-line APCI-MS in positive and negative mode was used to get the mass spectrum of the analyte. Thirty-two components of Ganoderma lucidum are primarily identified by comparison of the UV spectra and mass spectrum according to published literatures.青岛“2004将才计划”项目(04-3-JJ-11);; 共建生物医药研发测试中心资助项目(LS-05-KJZX-76

Study on the Elements and Element Speciation in the Extract of Taizishen

目的对太子参水提液中3种金属元素Cu,Mn,Zn进行形态研究。方法采用电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICP-MS)测定太子参及太子参水提液中3种金属元素的含量,并用反相高效色谱(RP-HPLC)-电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICP-MS)联用技术对太子参水提液中的Cu,Mn,Zn元素进行形态分析。结果太子参水提液中金属元素Cu,Mn,Zn含量较高,其中Cu,Mn,Zn均主要以结合态形式存在。结论该实验所建立的HPLC-ICP-MS分析方法是太子参水提液中金属元素形态分析的良好方法。ObjectiveTo develop a modern analysis method for speciation of metal elements(Cu,Mn,Zn) in Taizishen.MethodsThe contents of three elements in Taizishen and the extract of Taizishen were determined by ICP-MS,and the coupling of high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC) with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry(ICP-MS) was applied for elemental speciation.ResultsIn the extract of Taizishen,the contents of Cu,Mn,Zn were high,and the organic speciation of Cu,Mn,Zn were the main speciation.ConclusionThe HPLC-ICP-MS method is efficient to separate inorganic speciation and organic speciation of the metal elements in Taizishen.国家自然科学基金资助项目(No.20235020

Comparison on Pseudostellarin B(Cyclic peptide) Content in Different Kinds/Harvest Time of Pseudostellaria heterophylla(Miq.) Pax

目的分析比较不同品种不同采收期太子参环肽Pseudostellarin B的含量,为合理开发利用太子参的植物资源提供参考。方法不同品种不同采收期太子参经提取制备后,采用高效液相色谱测定太子参环肽Pseudostellarin B的含量。结果一号品种不同采收期太子参中Pseudostellarin B的平均含量为198.1μg/g,二号品种不同采收期太子参中Pseudostella-rin B的平均含量为105.8μg/g。结论不同品种不同采收期太子参中Pseudostellarin B的含量有差异。Objective To compare the Pseudostellarin B content in different kinds and harvest time of pseudostellana heterophyua and provide reference for rational exploiting and utilizing the plant.Methods After extraction,Pseudostellarin B(cyclic peptide) in different kinds/harvest time of Pseudostellaria heterophylla(Miq.) Pax were determined by Agilent 1100 HPLC.Results The average contents of Pseudostellarin B in No.1 and No.2 Pseudostellaria heterophylla(Miq.) Pax were 198.1μg/g,105.8 μg/g,respectively.Conclusion There are differences among the contents of Pseudostellarin B in different kinds of Pseudostellaria heterophylla(Miq.) Pax.福建省科委创新药物与中药现代化项目(No.2001BA701A61-13);; 国家科技部攻关项目(No.2003BA759C

Study on the Preparation of Salvianolic Acid B of High Purity

目的:建立高纯度丹酚酸B的最佳制备工艺流程。方法:通过比较几种不同大孔吸附树脂对丹酚酸B的吸附及洗脱性能,筛选出最佳树脂并对该树脂分离纯化丹酚酸B的工艺参数进行优化。结果:在本文所确定的最佳工艺条件下,丹酚酸B回收率为90.6%,纯度高达91.8%,稳定性良好,可作为丹参制剂的原料药应用。结论:该工艺操作简便,适用于工业化生产,有利于促进丹酚酸B的开发利用。Objective:The best technology of the preparation of salvianolic acid B was established.Methods:A series of macroporous adsorption resins were compared on their adsorption and desorption properties for salvianolic acid B and the optimal type resin had been selected. The technical parameters for purification of salvianolic acid B with the selected type resin were studied. Results:Under this condition, the recovery is 90.6% and the purity of salvianolic acid B is 91.8%. The product has a good stability and could be used for preparation directly.Conclusion:This method is simple and could be used for industrial production, promoting the exploitation and utilization of salvianolic acid B.国家自然科学基金重点项目(No.20235020);; 青岛市重点实验室建设项目(No.04-2-JS-135

Preparative Separation of Salvianolic Acid B from Salvia miltiorrhiza by High Speed Counter-Current Chromatorgraphy

采用高速逆流色谱法分离纯化丹参水溶性成分丹酚酸类物质,制备丹酚酸B化学对照品。分离采用的溶剂系统为正己烷-乙酸乙酯-水-甲醇(1.5:5:5:1.5),上相做固定相,下相做流动相,流速为1.7 mL/min,仪器转速850 rpm,进样量80 mg,纯度用HPLC方法测定。结果表明:一次分离可制备63.4 mg丹酚酸B,其纯度为98.6%。该方法操作简单,可作为高纯度丹酚酸B化学对照品的制备分离方法。Salvianolic acid B,a major bioactive component in Danshen(Salvia miltiorrhiza Bge.),was isolated and purified by high-speed counter-current chromatography(HSCCC) in semi-preparative scale from the crude extract of Danshen.Separation was performed with a two-phase solvent system composed of hexane-ethyl acetate-water-methanol(1.5:5:5:1.5,v/v) by eluting the lower aqueous phase at a flow-rate of 1.7 mL/min and a revolution speed of 850 rpm with injection volume of 80 mg.After the proceeding of separation,63.4 mg salvianolic acid B was obtained,and analyzed by normalization method according to HPLC areas giving a purity of 98.6%.HSCCC is a recommendable method to prepare and purify the active constituents from Salvia miltiorrhiza.国家自然科学基金重点项目(20235020);; 厦门市科技创新重点项目(3502Z20031096

西洋参多糖及总皂苷中无机元素的ICP/MS法测定

采用电感耦合等离子发射光谱—质谱联用法(ICP/MS),对西洋参样品、西洋参多糖、西洋参总皂苷中无机元素Mg、Al、P、Ca、V、Cr、Mn、Fe、Co、Ni、Cu、Zn、As、Se、Sr、Mo、Cd、Pb的含量进行测定分析。结果表明,西洋参多糖中各种元素的含量均明显高于西洋参样品,而不同方法提取的多糖中元素含量有一定差异;西洋参总皂苷中Cr、Ni、Cu、Zn、Pb元素的含量明显高于西洋参样品,而其它元素含量较低。这就为西洋参多糖、西洋参皂苷的综合开发利用及其药效提供理论依据