Effects of Tusi Erxian Decoction on sperm motility, malondialdehyde and superoxide dismutase in seminal plasma of asthenospermia patients with syndrome of deficiency of kidney yang

目的:探讨菟丝二仙汤治疗肾阳虚型弱精子症的疗效及相关机制。方法:180例肾阳虚型弱精子症患者随机分为菟丝二仙汤组、右归丸组、西药组(辅酶Q10胶; 囊、维生素E、维生素C),每组60例,分别治疗3个月。比较各组治疗前后精液参数,检测精浆丙二醛(MDA)和超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)变化,比较临床; 疗效。结果:菟丝二仙汤组在改善a级精子、精子活力、精子活率明显优于右归丸以及西药组(P<0.01),同时其能显著降低精浆MDA浓度,提高精浆SO; D水平(P<0.01);组间临床疗效比较,菟丝二仙汤对肾阳虚型弱精子症疗效明显优于右归丸组与西药组(P<0.05)。结论:菟丝二仙汤可以明显提高; 肾阳虚型弱精子症患者的精液质量,增强精子的抗氧化作用可能是其治疗弱精子症的机制之一。Objective: To investigate the effects and mechanism of Tusi Erxian; Decoction in treating asthenospermia with syndrome of deficiency of; kidney yang. Methods: A total of 180 patients were included and randomly; divided into 3 groups: Tusi Erxian Decoction group, Yougui Pills group,; and the western medicine group (coenzyme Q10 capsule, vitamin E and; vitamin C), 60 cases per group. Each group was treated by the; corresponding drugs for 3 months. The sperm parameters, malondialdehyde; (MDA) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were detected to compare the; clinical efficacy. Results: The Tusi Erxian Decoction could; significantly improve a-level sperm, sperm motility and sperm activity; when compared with the Yougui Pills group and the western medicine group; (P<0.01). Meanwhile, Tusi Erxian Decoction could decrease the; concentration of MDA and increase SOD in the seminal plasma (P<0.01).; Clinical efficacy in the Tusi Erxian Decoction group was significantly; better than that in the Yougui Pills group and the western medicine; group (P<0.05). Conclusion: Tusi Erxian Decoction can improve the; quality of sperm of asthenospermia patients with syndrome of deficiency; of kidney yang by enhancing the antioxidant activity of spermatozoa.厦门市科技局科技计划项目; 厦门市卫计委第四批中医后备人才基金资助项

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生物礁是重要的自然资源,在全球气候变化与碳循环中扮演了重要角色.磁性地层学是建立年代框架的有效手段,但是,由于生物礁沉积物中天然剩磁强度弱,南海地区生物礁的磁性地层学研究尚未很好展开.为此,本文利用西沙群岛西科1井乐东组生物礁沉积样品进行了详细的岩石磁学和磁性地层学研究.结果显示,西沙群岛乐东组记录了布容正极性时、奥杜维尔正极性时和松山负极性时.通过对比已有的钻孔资料,本文认为应基于岩石地层特征这一标准将西沙地区的乐东组埋深予以统一.在此基础上,综合磁性地层与~(230)Th定年结果,本文将乐东组的底界限定在~2.0 Ma.</p

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Aripiprazole versus other atypical antipsychotics for schizophrenia

BACKGROUND: In most western industrialised countries, second generation (atypical) antipsychotics are recommended as first line drug treatments for people with schizophrenia. In this review we specifically examine how the efficacy and tolerability of one such agent - aripiprazole - differs from that of other comparable second generation antipsychotics. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the effects of aripiprazole compared with other atypical antipsychotics for people with schizophrenia and schizophrenia-like psychoses. SEARCH METHODS: We searched the Cochrane Schizophrenia Group Trials Register (November 2011), inspected references of all identified studies for further trials, and contacted relevant pharmaceutical companies, drug approval agencies and authors of trials for additional information. SELECTION CRITERIA: We included all randomised clinical trials (RCTs) comparing aripiprazole (oral) with oral and parenteral forms of amisulpride, clozapine, olanzapine, quetiapine, risperidone, sertindole, ziprasidone or zotepine for people with schizophrenia or schizophrenia-like psychoses. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: We extracted data independently. For dichotomous data we calculated risk ratios (RR) and their 95% confidence intervals (CI) on an intention-to-treat basis based on a random-effects model. Where possible, we calculated illustrative comparative risks for primary outcomes. For continuous data, we calculated mean differences (MD), again based on a random-effects model. We assessed risk of bias for each included study. MAIN RESULTS: We included 12 trials involving 6389 patients. Aripiprazole was compared to olanzapine, risperidone and ziprasidone. All trials were sponsored by an interested drug manufacturer. The overall number of participants leaving studies early was 30% to 40%, limiting validity (no differences between groups).When compared with olanzapine no differences were apparent for global state (no clinically important change: n = 703, 1 RCT, RR short-term 1.00 95% CI 0.81 to 1.22; n = 317, 1 RCT, RR medium-term 1.08 95% CI 0.95 to 1.22) but mental state tended to favour olanzapine (n = 1360, 3 RCTs, MD total Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) 4.68 95% CI 2.21 to 7.16). There was no significant difference in extrapyramidal symptoms (n = 529, 2 RCTs, RR 0.99 95% CI 0.62 to 1.59) but fewer in the aripiprazole group had increased cholesterol levels (n = 223, 1 RCT, RR 0.32 95% CI 0.19 to 0.54) or weight gain of 7% or more of total body weight (n = 1095, 3 RCTs, RR 0.39 95% CI 0.28 to 0.54).When compared with risperidone, aripiprazole showed no advantage in terms of global state (n = 384, 2 RCTs, RR no important improvement 1.14 95% CI 0.81 to 1.60) or mental state (n = 372, 2 RCTs, MD total PANSS 1.50 95% CI -2.96 to 5.96).One study compared aripiprazole with ziprasidone (n = 247) and both the groups reported similar change in the global state (n = 247, 1 RCT, MD average change in Clinical Global Impression-Severity (CGI-S) score -0.03 95% CI -0.28 to 0.22) and mental state (n = 247, 1 RCT, MD change PANSS -3.00 95% CI -7.29 to 1.29).When compared with any one of several new generation antipsychotic drugs the aripiprazole group showed improvement in global state in energy (n = 523, 1 RCT, RR 0.69 95% CI 0.56 to 0.84), mood (n = 523, 1 RCT, RR 0.77 95% CI 0.65 to 0.92), negative symptoms (n = 523, 1 RCT, RR 0.82 95% CI 0.68 to 0.99), somnolence (n = 523, 1 RCT, RR 0.80 95% CI 0.69 to 0.93) and weight gain (n = 523, 1 RCT, RR 0.84 95% CI 0.76 to 0.94). Significantly more people given aripiprazole reported symptoms of nausea (n = 2881, 3 RCTs, RR 3.13 95% CI 2.12 to 4.61) but weight gain (7% or more of total body weight) was less common in people allocated aripiprazole (n = 330, 1 RCT, RR 0.35 95% CI 0.19 to 0.64). Aripiprazole may have value in aggression but data are limited. This will be the focus of another review. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS: Information on all comparisons are of limited quality, are incomplete and problematic to apply clinically. Aripiprazole is an antipsychotic drug with a variant but not absent adverse effect profile. Long-term data are sparse and there is considerable scope for another update of this review as new data emerges from the many Chinese studies as well as from ongoing larger, independent pragmatic trials