Labor Migration and Income Inequality: Based on The Study of Chinese City

劳动力流动与收入差距问题是我国经济发展所面临的两个重要问题。随着城市化进程的推进，城市经济发展问题越来越受到人们的关注，然而，关于劳动力流动对收入差距影响的研究仍然集中在地区收入差距或城乡收入差距上，因此，从城市的角度研究劳动力流动对收入差距的影响具有重大意义。 本文从城市的视角出发，采用局部均衡模型探讨异质性劳动力流动对城市内部收入差距的影响问题。根据收入的构成，将劳动力流动对城市内部收入差距的影响分为结构效应和总量效应。结构效应主要从工资性收入差距的角度出发，反映劳动力流入人口的结构性差异导致的对城市不同收入阶层工资收入的差异性影响；总量效应则主要从财产性收入差距的角度出发，考虑城市劳动...The economic development of China is facing two important problems:labor migration and income inequality. Along with the advancement of urbanization, more and more people pay attention to the development of the city. However, the research on labor migration and income inequality is still focusing on the income inequality between regions or urban and rural areas. At this point, it is significant t...学位：经济学硕士院系专业：经济学院_西方经济学学号：1532012115203

Evolution of labor flow and income gap: Theories and empirical test on Chinese cities

劳动力流动对城市内部收入差距的影响可分为结构效应和总量效应。结构效应考察劳动力流动人口的结构性差异对不同阶层工资收入的差异性影响。总量效应则考虑劳动力流入导致的住房需求总量增加可能产生的相应阶层的财产性收入的变化。本文的理论分析与基于我国城市数据的计量检验表明:由于流动劳动力的整体受教育水平较低,目前我国劳动力流动仍然会扩大城市内部收入差距;而当流动劳动力中接受高等教育的比例超过一半时,劳动力流动则可能缩小城市内部收入差距。The influence of labor flow on the income gap inside a city refers to structural effects and gross effects. Structural effects examine the impacts of structural difference in the population of labor flow on the difference in wages of various classes. Gross effects should consider the changes in property income led by the increase in the demand of housing due to labor inflow. The theoretical analysis and measurement test suggest that: labor flow in China would still expand income gap inside cities at present due to low educational level of the labor force; and when more than half of the labor force have received higher education, such labor flow could decrease income gap inside city.国家自然科学基金项目“我国二元经济背景下的增长与发展研究”(71273216);; 教育部人文社科项目“包容性增长视角下的中国式城市化”(11YJA790125);; 教育部重点基地项目“集聚、结构转变与经济增长”(14JJD790026

非糖基化促红细胞生成素的聚乙二醇定点修饰及修饰产物性质

临床用重组人促红细胞生成素（rhEpo）是中国仓鼠卵巢细胞（Chinese hamster ovary cell,CHO）表达的糖蛋白,糖基对稳定蛋白的结构和生物活性非常重要,但CHO表达体系生产成本高、产量低.以大肠杆菌表达的促红细胞生成素为非糖基化蛋白（rh-ngEpo）,对其进行聚乙二醇（PEG）修饰可以提高蛋白稳定性和体内循环半衰期.本文采用分子量为20000的N-末端专一性的单甲氧基聚乙二醇-丙醛（mPEG-ALD）修饰rh-ngEpo,对影响修饰反应的因素进行了考察.结果表明,在最佳反应条件下,单修饰率可达55%.修饰混合物经离子交换层析分离,获得了纯度大于95%的单修饰产物,其二、三级结构证明与原蛋白相似.肽图分析结果表明,PEG绝大部分修饰在蛋白N-末端的氨基酸残基上.ELISA分析表明,单修饰产物的体外活性虽然比修饰前减少30%,但热稳定性得到显著增强,在SD大鼠体内的药代动力学性质得到显著提高.研究结果表明,PEG可以在一定程度上替代糖基的作用,PEG修饰的非糖基化Epo有望成为一种新型的促红细胞生成蛋白药物

非糖基化促红细胞生成素的聚乙二醇定点修饰及修饰产物性质

临床用重组人促红细胞生成素（rhEpo）是中国仓鼠卵巢细胞（Chinese hamster ovary cell,CHO）表达的糖蛋白,糖基对稳定蛋白的结构和生物活性非常重要,但CHO表达体系生产成本高、产量低.以大肠杆菌表达的促红细胞生成素为非糖基化蛋白（rh-ngEpo）,对其进行聚乙二醇（PEG）修饰可以提高蛋白稳定性和体内循环半衰期.本文采用分子量为20000的N-末端专一性的单甲氧基聚乙二醇-丙醛（mPEG-ALD）修饰rh-ngEpo,对影响修饰反应的因素进行了考察.结果表明,在最佳反应条件下,单修饰率可达55%.修饰混合物经离子交换层析分离,获得了纯度大于95%的单修饰产物,其二、三级结构证明与原蛋白相似.肽图分析结果表明,PEG绝大部分修饰在蛋白N-末端的氨基酸残基上.ELISA分析表明,单修饰产物的体外活性虽然比修饰前减少30%,但热稳定性得到显著增强,在SD大鼠体内的药代动力学性质得到显著提高.研究结果表明,PEG可以在一定程度上替代糖基的作用,PEG修饰的非糖基化Epo有望成为一种新型的促红细胞生成蛋白药物

聚集诱导发光

聚集诱导发光(AIE)是唐本忠院士于2001年提出的一个科学概念,是指一类在溶液中不发光或者发光微弱的分子聚集后发光显著增强的现象。高效固态发光的AIE材料有望从根本上解决有机发光材料面临的聚集导致发光猝灭难题,具有重大的实际应用价值。从分子内旋转受限到分子内运动受限,从聚集诱导发光到聚集体科学,AIE领域已经取得了许多原创性的成果。在本综述中,我们从AIE材料的分类、机理、概念衍生、性能、应用和挑战等方面讨论了AIE领域最近取得的显著进展。希望本综述能激发更多关于分子聚集体的研究,并推动材料、化学和生物医学等学科的进一步交叉融合和更大发展。 Aggregation-induced emission (AIE), conceptually coined by Prof. Ben Zhong Tang in 2001, refers to a unique photophysical phenomenon non- or weakly emissive luminogens in dilute solutions emit intensely upon aggregation. AIE can solve the aggregation-caused quenching problem that traditional fluorophores are suffering from and hold great technological values for practical applications. The past 20 years have witnessed the rapid development of AIE research, from the restriction of intramolecular rotations to restriction of intramolecular motions, and from AIE to aggregate science, and many original results have been achieved. In this review, we summarize the advances in the field of AIE and its related areas. We specifically discuss the recent progress in AIE area, including material classification, mechanism, concept derivation, property, applications, and challenges. It is hoped that this review will inspire more research into the molecular aggregate level and make significant advances in materials, chemistry and biological sciences

Prediction of Energy Resolution in the JUNO Experiment

International audienceThis paper presents the energy resolution study in the JUNO experiment, incorporating the latest knowledge acquired during the detector construction phase. The determination of neutrino mass ordering in JUNO requires an exceptional energy resolution better than 3% at 1 MeV. To achieve this ambitious goal, significant efforts have been undertaken in the design and production of the key components of the JUNO detector. Various factors affecting the detection of inverse beta decay signals have an impact on the energy resolution, extending beyond the statistical fluctuations of the detected number of photons, such as the properties of liquid scintillator, performance of photomultiplier tubes, and the energy reconstruction algorithm. To account for these effects, a full JUNO simulation and reconstruction approach is employed. This enables the modeling of all relevant effects and the evaluation of associated inputs to accurately estimate the energy resolution. The study reveals an energy resolution of 2.95% at 1 MeV. Furthermore, the study assesses the contribution of major effects to the overall energy resolution budget. This analysis serves as a reference for interpreting future measurements of energy resolution during JUNO data taking. Moreover, it provides a guideline in comprehending the energy resolution characteristics of liquid scintillator-based detectors

JUNO Sensitivity on Proton Decay p→νˉK+p\to \bar\nu K^+ Searches

The Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Observatory (JUNO) is a large liquid scintillator detector designed to explore many topics in fundamental physics. In this paper, the potential on searching for proton decay in $p\to \bar\nu K^+$ mode with JUNO is investigated.The kaon and its decay particles feature a clear three-fold coincidence signature that results in a high efficiency for identification. Moreover, the excellent energy resolution of JUNO permits to suppress the sizable background caused by other delayed signals. Based on these advantages, the detection efficiency for the proton decay via $p\to \bar\nu K^+$ is 36.9% with a background level of 0.2 events after 10 years of data taking. The estimated sensitivity based on 200 kton-years exposure is $9.6 \times 10^{33}$ years, competitive with the current best limits on the proton lifetime in this channel