The Research of Municipal Bankruptcy of U.S.and Its Enlightenment to China

自美国杰佛逊县、斯托克顿市、底特律等地方政府相继因陷入财政困境而引发破产危机，美国的地方政府破产制度逐渐引起国人的注意。美国的地方政府破产制度，主要是指美国联邦破产法典第九章的市政债务重整制度。它不是破产清算机制，而类似于破产重整机制，适用于陷入财务困境的州（不含）以下的地方政府或适格的市政法人。美国的市政破产机制是一种针对濒临破产边缘的市政债务人提供的最后的救济措施，是一种法定的事后的债务清理机制，也是一种帮助市政债务人获得重生机会的法定机制。而随着此次金融危机的爆发，其申请数量及申请主体的负债数额不断刷新。 在我国当前面临严重地方债务问题的情况下，多数学者关注短期的有效解决机制，或事前的...Since the cities in fiscal distress such as Detroit, Stockton and Jefferson County may seek to adjust debts under Chapter 9 of the Bankruptcy Code, municipal bankruptcy of United States has raised the concern in China. Municipal bankruptcy of United States is mainly defined in Chapter 9 of the Bankruptcy Code, that is Adjustment of Debts of A Municipality. Chapter 9 applied for eligible municipali...学位：法学硕士院系专业：法学院_经济法学学号：1362011115022

Environmental Economic Analysis in the Application of Chemical Fertilizer

本文通过对化肥使用的收益成本分析及其对环境造成的影响,利用二次生产函数模型,以洞庭湖区农民的化肥投入为案例,分别考虑粮食产量最大、农民经济收益最大和净经济效益最大3种情况的化肥投入量,进而提出化肥控制和管理对策的最佳管理措施建议。This article study on the cost-effectiveness analysis and the environmental impact of chemical fertilizer,using secondary production function model to the case of farmer’s application of chemical fertilizer in the Dongting Lake area.Considering the application amount of chemical fertilizer in three situations:the biggest output of food production,farmers’ largest economic benefit,net value of the most cost-effectiveness.And then put forward some best management practice suggestions in controling and managing chemical fertilizer.国家自然科学基金资助项目(40671116);福建省高校新世纪优秀人才支持计划项目(闽教科[2006]35号

Preliminary Study of Hangzhou Undergraduates Apartment Design

大学生人才公寓是国内近年发展起来的新建筑类型,是政府廉租房的一种具体形式。该文主要从总体规划和单体设计两方面,阐述了杭州大学毕业生人才公寓的设计过程,提出大学生人才公寓的规划设计应充分考虑年轻创业者的生活本质,提倡开放、交流、活力的新居住精神。The apartment of undergraduates is the new architectural type which has been developed in recent years, a kind of low rent houses by government. This paper mainly elaborates the design process of Hangzhou Undergraduates Apartment from the two aspects of general planning and architectural design. It brings forward the concept that Undergraduates Apartment design should take into young people's life essence consideration, and advocates the new housing concept of openness, communication and vitality

浅议高等院校非经营性国有资产评估

目前,资产评估主要涉及非国有资产以及经营性国有资产评估,很少涉及非经营性国有资产评估。一直以来,对于非经营性国有资产的管理都很宽松,这也导致了非经营性国有资产管理中存在许多漏洞和问题。高等院校的非经营性国有资产一般都是由财政划拨,但是,对于高校非经营性国有资产一直缺乏监督,所以,现在高校国有资产的管理存在许多问题,迫切需要得到解决。对高校非经营性国有资产进行资产评估,不但有助于高校非经营性国有资产的规范化管理,而且还将有助于财政制度的建设。文章主要论述对高校非经营性国有资产进行评估的必要性

环境微生物技术在处理医院污水中的应用

我国每年产生大量医院污水,其中包含病原体等多种污染物,是危害人类健康的重要隐患.目前对医院污水的处理主要包括污水的预处理、生物处理和消毒三部分.通过采用活性污泥法、生物接触氧化法、膜生物反应器、曝气生物滤池法等环境微生物技术对污水进行处理,从而有效去除水中的有机物,破坏病原微生物赖以生存的物质基础和保障消毒效果.不同的处理工艺各有优缺,适合于不同规模的医院

粒子增强PAN支撑膜的研究

对无机粒子填充的PAn渗透蒸发支撑膜进行了初步的研究。考察了不同填充量和填充体系及拉伸热定型的后处理工艺对膜通量和粘弹性的影响。结果表明，不同填充量和填充体系对膜通量及粘弹性的影响不明显；而拉伸和热定型的后处理工艺条件对膜通量和粘弹性有较大的影响。随拉伸比的提高，膜通量迅速增大，膜的稳定性变好，具有很好的耐热性，而膜的截流率却几乎不变。此外，还就膜的耐热机理进行了初步探

严重事故下蒸汽发生器传热管诱发破裂现象及其缓解策略分析

蒸汽发生器传热管是核反应堆冷却剂系统压力边界的重要组成部分,研究严重事故下蒸汽发生器传热管诱发破裂现象及其影响因素对支持二级概率安全分析意义重大.以CPR1000电厂全厂断电叠加蒸汽发生器安全阀卡开事故为基础事故序列,分析了轴封破口、环路水封清除和下降管水封清除现象对蒸汽发生器传热管诱发蠕变破裂现象的影响,并对二次侧卸压-补水和一次侧卸压-补水两种缓解策略的效果进行了研究.结果表明:轴封破口现象会影响逆向自然循环流量,但不会影响热管段和蒸汽发生器传热管发生蠕变破裂的先后顺序;而环路水封清除和下降管水封清除现象会打破热管段逆向自然循环现象,并导致蒸汽发生器传热管比其他冷却剂系统边界更早失效,从而带来安全壳旁通风险;而二次侧卸压-补水策略和一次侧卸压-补水策略都可以达到降低蒸汽发生器传热管诱发破裂风险的效果.该研究结果有助于改进二级概率安全分析结果,指导CPR1000电厂制定相关严重事故缓解措施并提升严重事故管理导则的事故处置能力.福建省科技厅计划项目(2016H0034);;厦门大学能源学院发展基金(2017NYFZ01

Effects of a combination therapy with a compound Chinese medicine and an enteral nutrition powder in the treatment of mice with chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases

目的 评估健脾益气复方中药颗粒剂联合肠内营养粉剂安素治疗慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）的有效性与安全性。方法 选取雄性小鼠96只,其中24只作为正常对照组,其余72只采用烟熏小鼠法建立COPD模型,随机分3组：COPD模型组、安素治疗组（0.558 g/m L安素,0.1 m L/10 g小鼠）及中药联合安素治疗组（0.558 g/m L安素,0.1 m L/10 g小鼠＋2.5 g/m L中药,0.06 m L/10 g小鼠）。所有小鼠在实验全程进行体重监测,并分别在治疗前、治疗后2周及5周进行血清学检测及肺组织切片检查。结果 与正常对照组小鼠相比,COPD模型组小鼠体重增加明显减缓,血清总蛋白和白蛋白含量均明显降低（P〈0.05）,血清谷草转氨酶和谷丙转氨酶含量均明显升高（P〈0.05）。与COPD模型组小鼠相比,中药联合安素治疗组小鼠的体重明显回升,治疗后5周,血清总蛋白和白蛋白含量均显著增加（P〈0.05）,血清谷草转氨酶和谷丙转氨酶含量均明显下降（P〈0.05）。病理切片结果也证实了中药联合安素治疗对COPD肺部病理改变具有明显改善作用。结论 健脾益气复方中药联合肠内营养粉剂安素可明显改善COPD营养不良状况,并有效改善其肺组织受损情况。Objective To evaluate the validity and safety of a combination therapy with a compound Chinese medicine and an enteral nutrition powder ensure on chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases （COPD）. Methods Among 96 male mice, 24 mice were randomly selected as a normal control group, the other 72 mice were induced as COPD mice after 60-day smoking. These COPD mice were then randomly divided into 3 groups： COPD positive group, Ensure treatment group （0.558 g/mL Ensure, 0.1 mL/10 g mice）, combina- tion therapy group （0.558 g/mL Ensure, 0.1 mL/10 g mice＋2.5 g/mL traditional Chinese medicin, 0.06 mL/10 g mice）. The weights of all mice were monitored during the whole experimental period. The serologic tests were carried out before and at different time points （2 weeks or 5 weeks） after the treatments began. Meanwhile, histological examinations of their lungs were performed. Results Compared with the normal control group mice, COPD mice showed a lower amount of serum albumin （P 〈 0.05） and a higher level of serum aminotransferase activity （P 〈 0.05） with a much slower rate in weight gaining. After 5-week treatments with the combination albumin were increased gradually （P 〈 0.05） therapy, compared with the COPD positive group, the amounts of serum and the serum aminotransferase activities were returned to normal （P 〈 0.05）. Results from histological examinations confirmed the efficacy of the combination therapy on COPD mice. Conclusion The combination therapy with a compound Chinese medicine and an enteral nutrition Ensure is effective in improvement of poor nutrition status in COPD mice induced by smoking, and effectively improve the lung tissue damage.福建省福州市卫生系统科技计划项目（2014-S-W29）;福建省福州市科技计划项目（2015-S-141-4）;福建省福州经济技术开发区科技计划项目（2015mw08）

钯纳米粒子体系中的近场耦合与SERS效应

利用广义米氏散射理论(gEnErAlIzEd MIE)从理论上系统研究了球形钯纳米粒子二聚体的线性光学性质及其表面增强拉曼散射效应.计算表明,粒子间的近场耦合效应对粒子对的吸收、散射和消光光谱影响显著,其表面等离子体激元共振峰的位置随粒子间隔的变小而显著红移.在耦合效应和尺寸效应的共同作用下,钯纳米粒子二聚体中“热点“位的最大SErS增强因子可达到107~108,表面平均SErS增强因子可达105~106.通过对远场和近场的对比研究,发现消光谱与粒子间的近场增强谱的谱型大致相同,但消光谱的极值峰位与SErS的最大增强峰位之间存在一定的偏离,这显示了表面等离子激元共振对远场和近场的不同影响,我们对此进行了讨论.相关结果对揭示远场与近场的关联性及探索过渡金属体系中表面增强散射的电磁场增强机理有较重要的科学意义.国家自然科学基金(20703032);国家重点基础研究发展计划(2009CB930703);福建省自然科学基金(E0710028)资助项

Effects of Initial p H Value for the Fermentation of Bacillus subtilis FJAT-14254 on the Generation of Metabolites Substances

为考察酸碱条件对枯草芽胞杆菌fJAT-14254代谢物产生的影响,采用气相色谱-质谱联用分析枯草芽胞杆菌fJAT-14254菌株的胞内成分。结果表明:通过谱库扫描得到32种高匹配率代谢物的初步鉴定结果,主要包括氨基酸类、酸类、烷烃类等,其中含量相对较高的有7种;枯草芽胞杆菌fJAT-14254代谢物的种类和含量与其培养环境的酸碱度变化呈一定的相关性,强酸性(P H=3)条件下培养的胞内代谢物具有特异性,而接近中性(P H=5、7)条件及碱性(P H=9、11)条件下培养胞内代谢物则相似。由此推断,不同P H条件影响发酵终点的P H,进而影响枯草芽胞杆菌fJAT-14254代谢物的产生。To study the relationship between p H of culture medium and intracellular metabolic of Bacillus subtilis FJAT-14254.Intracellular metabolites of B.subtilis FJAT-14254 were analyzed by GC-MS.564 metabolites were detected.31 metabolic markers including hexadecanoic acid, was obtained by data mining.The biochemical substances of B.subtilis FJAT-14254, produce in different p H conditions, had high specificity.The change of metabolites in different p H conditions was complex, not only linear relation.This research provided preliminary study of stress resistance of B.subtilis in metabolic level.公益性行业(农业)科研专项经费(No.201303094); 福建省农科院院青年创新基金(No.2013dqd-6); 福建省农科院杰出青年人才基金(No.2014JQ-2