Aquatic environment characteristics of Sansha Bay and records of diatom in the surface sediment

福建三沙湾是典型的封闭型港湾。良好的避风条件以及消浪能力，使其成为港口建设和水产养殖的首选地，同时也是海洋生物非常重要的栖息地、产卵场和育幼场，是福建省沿海社会和经济发展的战略区域。但是和其他封闭港口一样，由于湾内水体交换能力弱，水体更新周期长，对于水体中污染物的物理自净能力差，三沙湾在发展的过程中不可避免地出现了泥沙淤积、污染物长期积累等问题。随着政府对于海峡西岸经济区建设的全面推进，如何实现三沙湾区域可持续发展的问题显得迫在眉睫。在这样的背景下，我们开展了本次的研究。本次研究的目的和内容是调查研究三沙湾水体的水质现状及富营养化程度，以及三沙湾表层沉积硅藻群落组成，为三沙湾今后的发展规划和环...Sansha Bay is a typical semi-enclosed bay. It has a good condition of sheltering wind and wave,which makes it the first choice for harbour construction and aquiculture, and it is also an important habitat, spawning group and nursery group for aquatic organism,and it is in the strategic area of the economic and social development of Fujian province.But as other semi-enclosed bays,the Sansha Bay enc...学位：理学硕士院系专业：海洋与环境学院_海洋地质学号：2242010115131

Study on Diatom Composition of Mangrove Region at Jiulong River Estuary,Fujian Province

[目的]初步分析了福建九龙江浮宫红树林区的硅藻组成。[方法]此次研究分析鉴定了浮宫红树林区6个表层样和1个柱状样的硅藻属种组成。[结果]1浮宫红树林沉积硅藻植物群属种多样性强,共鉴定出硅藻34属103种(含不定种),大部分为中心纲的圆筛属;2红树林区底泥中硅藻数量丰富。[结论]沉积硅藻种群以浮游的海水种和咸水半咸水种为主,说明浮宫红树林处于以海水作用为主的沉积环境中。[Objective] Diatom composition of mangrove region at Jiulong river estuary,Fujian Province was preliminarily studied.[Method]We analysed and identified 6 surface sediment samples and 1 core sample,which are located in the Fugong mangrove.[Result]The diatom assemblages are diverse and a total of one hundred and three diatom species and varieties belonging to 34 genera were identified which are dominated by Coscinodiscus.[Conclusion]The diatom assemblages are dominated by marine planktonic species and brackish planktonic species indicating that the seawater plays more important role in the sedimentary environment of Fugong mangrove.国家自然科学基金项目“红树林湿地底栖动物多样性和环境效应机制研究”(41176089

The Research and Development about Fuzzy Reasoning Multi_media Agriculture Expert System and Tools

该文应用面向对象思想和方法,分析了农业知识的特点,设计并实现了一个农业专家系统的开发工具,并使用该开发工具设计了花椰菜栽培技术专家系统和龙眼栽培技术专家系统。Based on Oriented Object Method and agriculture knowledge,the writers design and implement an Agricul-ture Expert System Development Tool,with which they have successfully developed a cauliflower Planting Expert System and a Longan Planting Expert System

large scale microscopic traffic simulation of 3d digital cities

为了模拟大城市微观交通流状况,基于目前图形硬件的快速发展,通过把道路和交叉口分开,然后用交叉口把不同的道路和信号灯连接在一起,并在跟驰模型中加入安全约束项,充分考虑不同车道的限速问题,采用C++语言设计了一种基于三层结构的异构众核计算架构的大规模三维微观交通仿真系统,运用不同测试场景进行测试。研究结果表明:该系统结构使得路网表达更为灵活,同时能体现更为真实的复杂道路细节,避免了前后车辆潜在冲突的发生;这种异构众核的仿真平台能大大提高微观交通仿真的效率,可针对大规模三维场景进行有效模拟,三维渲染耗费时间与仿真时间均随着车辆数目增长而增长,而三维渲染相比之下更容易成为瓶颈;试验也验证了本文系统性能具有良好的可伸缩性。国家重点基础研究发展“973”规划项目(2009CB320802)|国家自然科学基金项目(60973066,60833007)|中国科学院软件研究所计算机科学国家重点实验室开放基金项目(SYSKF1004)|教育部“长江学者和创新团队发展计划”创新团队基金项目(IRT0951)In order to simulate the microscopic traffic situation of large cities, based on current fast development of graphics hardware, the road structure was separated into road segments and intersections, which were connected together with signal lights; an improved constraint based follow the leader method was given to update vehicles position with different speed limitations of different lanes considered. Accordingly a heterogeneous many-core based three dimensional microscopic traffic simulation framework was implemented with C~(++), which was tested with different scenes. The results indicate that such design can make the system more flexible and closer to the reality with potential collision avoided, and can also present a more realistic detailed appearance; moreover such kind of heterogeneous architecture can improve the microscopic traffic simulation efficiency greatly, suitable for large scale 3D city scene. Both the cost of three dimensional rendering and the cost from simulation become higher with the increasing of vehicle number, however the rendering procedure is more likely to be the bottleneck of the whole system. The test also verifies the scalability of the system. 8 figs, 15 refs

半绝缘砷化镓EPR谱的异常退火特性

中子辐照的水平生长出绝缘GaAs(样品A)、原生的和塑性形变的直法拉制半绝缘GaAs(样品C和D),都给出一组四线谱,但在不同的样品中呈现不同的退火特性:样品A经125℃三小时退火后,EPR谱有部分光猝灭效应,加长退火时间,光猝灭效应消失,表现出异常的退火特性;而样品C和D,则无光猝灭效应.中国科学引文数据库(CSCD)008582-58

Temporal and spatial variation characteristics of inorganic nitrogen and active phosphorus and relations with environmental factors in Sansha Bay of Fujian in summer and winter

根据2012年8月和2013年1月对三沙湾海域开展的海域水质现场连续调查数据,阐述了无机氮和活性磷酸盐含量时空变化特征及其与环境因子的相关性.结果表明,三沙湾海域夏冬季无机氮含量范围分别为0.059~1.669、0.569~0.940 Mg/dM3,均值为0.582、0.676 Mg/dM3,活性磷酸盐含量范围分别为0.036~0.071、0.050~0.070 Mg/dM3,均值为0.056、0.060 Mg/dM3.无机氮和活性磷酸盐含量的高值区出现在陆源径流入海区及大量网箱养殖区,总体呈湾顶向湾口递减趋势,氮磷含量表层高于底层,冬季高于夏季,大部分海域都超过第四类海水水质标准.根据Cn/CP比值评价结果显示,三沙湾大部分海域浮游植物的生长为氮限制.相关性分析表明,三沙湾海域无机氮与硝酸盐含量相关性极显著(r=0.989),表明硝酸盐是无机氮的主要存在形态;无机氮还与盐度(r=-0.923)和温度(r=0.939)有极显著的相关性,论证了沿岸径流对三沙湾营养盐的输入有重要影响.活性磷酸盐与铵盐、亚硝酸盐含量存在显著的正相关.本次调研结果为三沙湾海域富营养化研究提供基础数据.Continuous field data were taken at 6 stations in August,2012 and January,2013 in Sansha Bay.Temporal and spatial variation characteristics of inorganic nitrogen and active phosphorus,as well as their correlations were presented.The results confirm that the content of inorganic nitrogen varies from 0.059 to 1.669,from 0.569 to 0.940 mg/dm3,and the average values are 0.582 and 0.676 mg/dm3 in summer and winter,respectively.The content of PO4-P are in ranges from 0.036 to 0.071,from 0.050 to 0.070 mg/dm3,the mean value are 0.056 and0.060 mg/dm3,respectively.The high values of DIN and PO4-P appeared in areas receiving the terrestrial runoff and areas of the cage culture,the value trends down from northern area to the entrance of the bay.The value is higher in surface water than the bottom and higher in winter than in summer,with most of areas exceed the fourth grade of seawater quality standard of China.The result of CN/CPratio shows that most phytoplankton growths are nitrogen limited.The correlation analysis shows that DIN is significantly correlated with NO3-N(r = 0.989),salinity(r =-0.923) and temperature(r = 0.939).PO4-P is also positive correlation with NH4-N and NO2-N.This study supplies basic information for the eutrophication research in Sansha Bay.国家海洋局公益性行业科研经费资助项目(201205009

Distribution characteristics of diatom in surface sediment and its relation with environment factors in Sansha Bay of Fujian

通过对三沙湾24个站位表层沉积物样品进行硅藻分析,共鉴定硅藻31属84种(包括变种和变型),其中夏季和冬季分别鉴定出31属71种和31属67种,主要属种以中心纲硅藻为主,如爱氏辐环藻(ACTInOCyCluS EHrEnbErgII)、波状辐裥藻(ACTInOPTyCHuS undulATuS)、横滨盒形藻(bIddulPHIA grundlErI)、中心圆筛藻(COSCInOdISCuS CEnTrAlIS)等.在生态习性上,底栖海水种占绝对优势.硅藻丰度从湾顶向湾外递减,夏季丰度高于冬季,平均丰度分别为9 003个/g和6477个/g.沉积物粒度分析显示,三沙湾表层沉积物以粉砂质粘土为主,研究表明三沙湾硅藻丰度与平均粒径存在一定相关性,夏季硅藻丰度变化范围为2 104~28 209个/g,粒径范围为5.26~7.36Φ,硅藻丰度与平均粒径变化范围都较大;而冬季硅藻丰度变化在1 929~14 372个/g之间,粒径范围为5.51~6.98Φ,相对夏季其变化较小,论证了水动力是影响硅藻沉积分布的一个重要因素.对影响三沙湾表层沉积硅藻分布的主要环境因子进行探讨,三沙湾表层沉积硅藻主要受潮流、深度和盐度等影响较大.Diatoms were analyzed from 24 surface sediment samples in Sansha Bay.In total,84 species belonging to 31 genera of diatoms were identified.Among them 71 species belonging to 31 genera collected in summer and 67 species belonging to 31 genera collected in winter were mainly Centricaes.The dominant groups are ctinocyclusehrenbergii,Actinoptychus undulates,Biddulphia grundleri and Coscinodiscus centralis.In view of ecological characters,the diatoms are dominated by marine epipelic species.What's more,the abundance of diatom in surface sediments decreased sharply from northern area to the entrance of the bay and the abundance in summer is higher than winter.The average abundance are 9 003 cells / g and 6 477 cells / g,respectively.The sediment grain size analysis shows that the surface sediment grain size are basically Silty clay and the study shows that diatom abundance have a certain correlation with average grain size.Diatom abundance range from 2 104 to 28 209 cells / g,Grain size varies greatly and ranges from 5.26 to 7.36Φ in summer.Diatom abundance ranges from 1 929 to 14 372 cells / g in winter.Grain size changes from 5.51 to 6.98Φ and it varies less than that in summer indicating that the hydrodynamic force is an important factor influencing the diatom distribution.The main environmental factors are also discussed in the surface sediment diatom distribution and the surface sediment diatom of Sansha Bay is controlled by tidal current,depth and salinity.国家海洋局公益性行业科研经费资助项目(201205009

JUNO Sensitivity on Proton Decay p→νˉK+p\to \bar\nu K^+ Searches

The Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Observatory (JUNO) is a large liquid scintillator detector designed to explore many topics in fundamental physics. In this paper, the potential on searching for proton decay in $p\to \bar\nu K^+$ mode with JUNO is investigated.The kaon and its decay particles feature a clear three-fold coincidence signature that results in a high efficiency for identification. Moreover, the excellent energy resolution of JUNO permits to suppress the sizable background caused by other delayed signals. Based on these advantages, the detection efficiency for the proton decay via $p\to \bar\nu K^+$ is 36.9% with a background level of 0.2 events after 10 years of data taking. The estimated sensitivity based on 200 kton-years exposure is $9.6 \times 10^{33}$ years, competitive with the current best limits on the proton lifetime in this channel

JUNO sensitivity on proton decay p → ν K + searches*

The Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Observatory (JUNO) is a large liquid scintillator detector designed to explore many topics in fundamental physics. In this study, the potential of searching for proton decay in the $p\to \bar{\nu} K^+$ mode with JUNO is investigated. The kaon and its decay particles feature a clear three-fold coincidence signature that results in a high efficiency for identification. Moreover, the excellent energy resolution of JUNO permits suppression of the sizable background caused by other delayed signals. Based on these advantages, the detection efficiency for the proton decay via $p\to \bar{\nu} K^+$ is 36.9% ± 4.9% with a background level of $0.2\pm 0.05({\rm syst})\pm$$0.2({\rm stat})$ events after 10 years of data collection. The estimated sensitivity based on 200 kton-years of exposure is $9.6 \times 10^{33}$ years, which is competitive with the current best limits on the proton lifetime in this channel and complements the use of different detection technologies