The Thought and Application of Teamwork-based Performance Appraisal Index System

从团队的概念及特征谈起,论述基于团队的绩效评价指标体系应该是组织绩效、团队绩效和员工绩效三者的整合,指标体系的设计不能割裂团队与员工之间固有的关系,既要考核团队,又要兼顾员工。The paper proceeds with the concepts and characteristics of teamwork,discussing how to set up a teamwork-based index system,which should be elaborated by organizational performance,group performance and staff performance.It points out that the design of such index system cannot separate the intrinsic relationship between teamwork and staff while appraising both teamwork and staff

组织内社会网络影响个体工作绩效的机理——基于角色外行为视角的理论研究

大多数关于个体工作绩效影响因素的研究都聚焦于个体特征和态度层面的微观变量,却忽视了组织特征层面的宏观变量。从角色外行为的视角分析组织内社会网络对个体工作绩效的影响,并提出社会网络影响个体工作绩效的机理,为后续的实证研究提供必要的理论基础

Effects of the Xitongxiao prescription on apoptosis and proliferation of chondrocytes in knee

目的：探讨膝痛消方对促进软骨细胞增殖和抑制IL-1β诱导的软骨细胞凋亡的作用。方法：体外培养膝关节软骨细胞，用阿利新蓝染色方法检测软骨细胞蛋白多糖，用Ⅱ型胶原免疫荧光染色检测软骨细胞Ⅱ型胶原的表达，以鉴定软骨细胞；用MTS检测软骨细胞的增殖；用IL-1β诱导软骨细胞凋亡，AnnexinV/PI双染检测细胞凋亡。结果：膝关节剥离得到的细胞形态为多角形或梭形，阿利新蓝与Ⅱ型胶原免疫荧光染色均呈阳性，证明分离培养的细胞为软骨细胞。MTS实验结果发现膝痛消方提取物处理软骨细胞后检测到的OD值随浓度增加而增加且显著高于对照组。此外，IL-1β处理诱导软骨细胞凋亡，而膝痛消方提取物能够有效地抑制IL-1β引起的细胞凋亡。结论：膝痛消方能促进软骨细胞的增殖，抑制IL-1β诱导的软骨细胞的凋亡。以上发现为膝痛消方临床上治疗膝关节骨性关节炎提供药理作用依据。Objective:To investigate the effects of the Xitongxiao prescription on the cell proliferation and the inhibition of IL-1β-induced apoptosis of chondrocytes.Methods:To identify chondrocytes,the articular chondrocytes were cultured in vitro;staining with alcian blue was used to detect the protein polysaccharide,and staining with collagen immunofluorescence was used to examine the expression of type II collagen in chondrocytes.The proliferation of chondrocytes was determined by MTS.Apoptosis of chondrocytes was induced by IL-1β,and the effect of apoptosis was tested by Annexin V/PI double staining.Results:The morphology of the cells obtained from the knee joint was polygonal or fusiform.The tested results of Alcian blue and collagen immunofluorescence staining were positive.These together certified that the isolated cells were knee chondrocytes.MTS assay results showed that the detected OD values were dosedependently increased and they were significantly higher than those of the control group.In addition,the apoptosis of chondrocytes was induced by IL-1βtreatment.While the extract of the Xitongxiao prescription could effectively inhibit the IL-1β-induced apoptosis of chondrocytes.Conclusion:The Xitongxiao prescription could promote the proliferation of chondrocytes and inhibit the apoptosis of chondrocytes induced by IL-1β.The above findings may provide one of pharmacological mechanisms of the Xitongxiao for clinical treatment of knee osteoarthritis.厦门市科技计划项目(3502z20144031);福建省自然科学基金计划资助项目(2015J01065)

Infectious Occupational Diseases, Their Development and Prevention

Tato práce má za cíl zmapovat výskyt a vývoj počtu infekčních nemocí z povolání (INZP) v letech 2001-2006 a možnosti prevence u vybraných INZP, uvedených v seznamu nemocí z povolání (NZP) pod položkou 1, tedy s interhumánním přenosem. Nemoc z povolání je onemocnění uvedené v seznamu nemocí z povolání, který je součástí nařízení vlády č. 290/1995 Sb. Onemocnění uvedená v tomto seznamu jsou rozčleněna do šesti kapitol. Nemoci přenosné a parazitární jsou uvedeny pod kapitolou V. Dělí se na tři položky. 1. Nemoci přenosné a parazitární. Jsou zde zahrnuty nemoci s interhumánním přenosem. 2. Nemoci přenosné ze zvířat na člověka buď přímo, nebo prostřednictvím přenašečů. Nemoci uvedené v položkách 1 a 2 vznikají při práci, u níž je prokázáno riziko nákazy. 3. Tropické nemoci přenosné a parazitární, vznikající při práci v epidemiologicky obtížných oblastech s rizikem nákazyThis work aims to map the occurrence and development of infectious occupational diseases (INZP) in 2001-2006 and the possibilities of prevention in selected INZP listed in the list of diseases occupational (NZP) under 1, ie interhumánním transmission. Occupational disease is a disease listed in the List of Occupational Diseases, which is part of Government Regulation No. 290/1995 Coll. The disease referred to in this list are divided into six chapters. Infectious and parasitic diseases are given in Chapter V. It is divided into three items. First transmitted diseases and infestations. They are included here with interhumánním disease transmission. Second Diseases transmitted from animals to humans either directly or through ports. Diseases listed in items 1 and 2 occur at work, at which it is shown to the risk of infection. 3rd Tropical Infectious and parasitic diseases, arising from work in epidemiologically difficult areas with risk of infectionKlinika pracovního a cestovního lékařstvíDepartment of Occupational and Travel HealthThird Faculty of Medicine3. lékařská fakult

Experiment on EHD Printing under DC High Voltage

基于直流电压作用下的电液耦合微喷印系统,考察了溶液浓度和电压两个参数对喷印过程和沉积形态的影响。实验结果表明射流在收集板上沉积的宽度随溶液浓度增大而减小;浓度低时射流沉积为连续形态;浓度增大,射流沉积为液滴-细线相间或者液滴-卫星液滴相间的珠状结构;浓度增大至18%时,产生纳米纤维,直径600nM左右。对给定的EHd实验系统,仅当电压值在2.6kV~4.8kV范围内变化时可保证稳定喷射;且随着电压值增大,珠状结构的直径减小;电压值在该范围之外,无法实现稳定喷射。Based on the EHD printing system under the DC high voltage,the influence of the concentration of solution and the voltage value on jetting process and the collected lines is investigated.Experimental results show that the collected line gets thinner with the concentration of solution increasing.The collected line is continuous at low concentration of solution.The bead form of a droplet with a filament or satellite droplets is collected with the concentration of solution increasing.At 18 % concentration of solution nanofibre with the diameter of 600nm is collected.For a given EHD printing system,when the voltage value is in the range of 2.6 kV ～ 4.8 kV,the jetting process is stable and the diameter of the bead decreases with the voltage value increasing.Outside this range,the stable jetting process can not happen.高等学校科技创新工程重大项目培育资金项目资助(708055);国家863项目资助(2007AA04Z308);国家自然科学基金项目资助(50675184

Cloning, prokaryotic expression and homology modeling analysis of midgut aminopeptidase gene PxAPN5 in Plutella xylostella (Lepidoptera:Plutellidae)

【目的】克隆和表达小菜蛾PluTEllA XylOSTEllA氨肽酶基因,并进行基因序列分析和同源建模分析。【方法】以小菜蛾中肠C dnA为模板克隆分析氨肽酶基因序列,原核表达氨肽酶蛋白并进行酶活性测定,应用配体印迹分析氨肽酶与Cry2Ab蛋白的结合,通过蛋白质建模对突变位点进行分析。【结果】从小菜蛾中肠C dnA扩增出氨肽酶基因,该基因全长2 853 bP,编码950个氨基酸,预测蛋白分子量为107.3871 k dA,等电点为5.24;进化树分析显示,克隆得到的氨肽酶基因属于APn家族5,将其命名为PX APn5(gEn bAnk登录号:kM034756)。PX APn5蛋白具有鳞翅目昆虫氨肽酶蛋白的保守性特征,即含有n-糖基化位点、O-糖基化位点和gPI锚定位点,具有“HEXXH“锌蛋白酶结构域和C端跨膜区域。在大肠杆菌ESCHErICHIA COlI中原核表达PX APn5,表达产物经SdS-PAgE电泳,在110 k dA附近出现特异性条带;酶活性测试显示菌体破碎上清液具有氨肽酶活性,比活力为1 047.2 u/g。配体印迹结果显示表达的PX APn5能与Cry2Ab蛋白特异性结合。多序列比对结果表明,与其他已报道的小菜蛾氨肽酶相比,PX APn5氨基酸序列有3个保守性位点发生了突变,并通过蛋白质建模的方式表征突变位点。【结论】本研究成功克隆和表达了具有氨肽酶活性的小菜蛾氨肽酶,并发现其能与Cry2Ab蛋白特异性结合;通过蛋白质建模对氨肽酶突变位点的特征及功能进行了预测。这些结果对小菜蛾氨肽酶的功能性研究提供了理论基础。【Aim】The aim of this study is to analyze the cloning,expression and homology modeling of midgut aminopeptidase gene Px APN5 in the diamondback moth,Plutella xylostella.【Methods 】 A aminopeptidase( APN) gene was cloned from the P.xylostella midgut,and bioinformatics analysis of the gene was performed.The APN protein was expressed using prokaryotic expression system,and its enzymatic activity was assayed.The interaction between APN and Cry2 Ab was determined by using ligand blot analysis.Homology modeling of APN gene was conducted for the prediction of characteristics and functions of mutation sites.【Results】The sequencing results showed that the cloned APN gene( NCBI accession no.: KM034756) is 2 853 bp in length and encodes 950 amino acids with the predicted molecular weight of 107.3871 k Da and isoelectric point of 5.24.Phylogenetic tree analysis indicated that this APN gene belongs to class 5 of APN family,and it was named as Px APN5.Px APN5 has the conservative features of the APN proteins in lepidopteran insects including N-glycosylation and Oglycosylation sites,GPI anchor point,C-transmembrane domains and zinc-metalloprotease domain(361HEXXH365).A 110 k Da specific protein band appeared when APN protein was inducibly expressed in Escherichia coli.Aminopeptidase activity assay showed that the supernatant of broken bacteria possessedaminopeptidase activity and its specific activity was 1 047.2 U / g.The ligand blot result indicated that Px APN5 could bind to Cry2 Ab specially.Multiple alignment of amino acid sequences demonstrated that there are three mutations in Px APN5 when compared to other known APN proteins from P.xylostella.【Conclusion】The Px APN5 protein with aminopeptidase activity was successfully cloned and expressed,and it could bind to Cry2 Ab.Prediction of characteristics and functions of mutation sites in Px APN5 was carried out by homology modeling.These results laid the foundation for the functional research of Px APN.国家自然科学基金项目(31371999;31370059

碳酸盐岩油藏缝洞单元离散数值模型及压力响应曲线特征

缝洞型碳酸盐岩油藏储集体类型多样,如何充分利用试井测试资料认识钻遇储层特征是后期挖潜增产的关键,并且常规解析试井模型中无法考虑井与缝洞的位置关系导致解释结果误差较大。为此,根据缝洞单元内缝洞与井的分布特征,分别建立了井钻遇和未钻遇缝洞2种离散数值试井模型,并进行有限元求解,分析了缝洞体大小以及缝洞体与井之间距离对井底压力响应曲线的影响。采用该方法对塔里木哈拉哈塘油田14口井测试资料进行试井分析,结果表明,受缝洞体的影响,井底压力响应曲线特征可分为：缝洞发育-未钻遇缝洞-井在缝洞附近、缝洞发育-钻遇缝洞、钻遇多个连通的缝洞、基质为主-缝洞不发育以及缝洞不发育-钻遇个别缝洞5种类型

新型稠环电子受体的界面修饰对钙钛矿太阳能电池性能的影响

钙钛矿太阳能电池(perovskite solar cells, PSCs)因具有能量转换效率(power conversion efficiency, PCE)高、成本低、易于大面积制造等优点而被科学家们广泛关注.氧化物电子传输层的合理界面设计及修饰对提高器件的PCE和工作长期稳定性有着十分重要的意义.因此,本文采用一种含有烷基噻吩基侧链的稠环电子受体材料3,9-二(2-亚甲基-(3-(1,1-二氰甲烯基)-茚酮))-5,5,11,11-四(5-己基噻吩)-二噻吩并[2,3-d:2′,3′-d′]-s-引达省[1,2-b:5,6-b′]二噻吩(3,9-bis(2-methylene-(3-(1,1-dicyanomethylene)-indanone))-5,5,11,11-tetrakis(5-hexylthienyl)-dithieno[2,3-d:2′,3′-d′]-s-indaceno[1,2-b:5,6-b′]dithiophene, ITIC-Th)修饰TiO2电子传输层,制备高效稳定的平面结PSCs.研究结果显示,ITIC-Th的界面修饰改善了TiO2薄膜的形貌、接触角等性质,促进了钙钛矿晶粒的高质量生长,大幅度减少了器件表界面的电荷复合,明显提升了光生载流子的抽取率和输运效率,使经ITIC-Th界面修饰的PSC的PCE从未经界面修饰的15.43%显著提高到18.91%.与此同时,器件稳定性的研究结果显示,在室温和湿度为30%的条件下,经ITICTh界面修饰的PSC的PCE在放置约1000 h后依然保持原来的90%,明显高于未经界面修饰的PSC.研究结果对PSC光伏性能的提升具有重要的实际应用价值和学术意义.国家自然科学基金(61605164);;\n陕西省重点科技创新团队计划(2016KCT-28);;\n陕西省重点研发计划(2017ZDXM-GY-046);;\n福建省科技厅高校产学合作项目(2016H6023)资

关于“经济发展方式转变进程中的财税政策”的探讨(笔谈)

转变经济发展方式是当前中国的热门话题,而上海在城市发展中又肩负着率先转变的重要任务,在这一意义和背景下,2010年4月24日由上海金融学院学院主办、上海金融学院公共经济管理学院承办的“《中国城市财政发展报告2009/2010:促进‘两个中心’建设的上海城市财政》首发式暨‘经济发展方式转变进程中的财税政策’论坛“在我校举行。与会专家围绕经济发展方式转变进程中的财税政策的“趋势与目标“、“机遇和挑战“、“实施方略“和“地方实践“等四个专题进行研讨,各抒己见,智慧交锋。现将其真知灼见整理摘要与读者分享,以期待更多学者共同关注当前经济发展方式转变进程中的财税政策

中国海及邻近区域碳库与通量综合分析

中国海总面积约470万平方公里,纵跨热带、亚热带、温带、北温带等多个气候带.其中,南海北依\"世界第三极\"青藏高原、南邻\"全球气候引擎\"西太平洋暖池,东海拥有全球最宽的陆架之一,跨陆架物质运输显著,黄海是冷暖流交汇区域,渤海则是受人类活动高度影响的内湾浅海.中国海内有长江、黄河、珠江等大河输入,外邻全球两大西边界流之一的黑潮.这些鲜明的特色赋予了中国海碳储库和通量研究的典型代表意义.文章从不同海区（渤海、黄海、东海、南海）、不同界面（陆-海、海-气、水柱-沉积物、边缘海-大洋等）,以及不同生态系统（红树林、盐沼湿地、海草床、海藻养殖、珊瑚礁、水柱生态系统等）多层面对海洋碳库与通量进行了较系统地综合分析,初步估算了各个碳库的储量与不同碳库间的通量.就海气通量而言,渤海向大气中释放CO2约0.22Tg Ca-1,黄海吸收CO2约1.15Tg Ca-1,东海吸收CO2约6.92～23.30Tg Ca-1,南海释放CO2约13.86～33.60Tg Ca-1.如果仅考虑海-气界面的CO2交换,中国海总体上是大气CO2的\"源\",净释放量约6.01～9.33Tg Ca-1.这主要是由于河流输入以及邻近大洋输入所致.河流输入渤黄海、东海、南海的溶解无机碳（DIC）分别为5.04、14.60和40.14Tg Ca-1,而邻近大洋输入DIC更是高达144.81Tg Ca-1,远超中国海向大气释放的碳量.渤海、黄海、东海、南海的沉积有机碳通量分别为2.00、3.60、7.40、7.49Tg Ca-1.东海和南海向邻近大洋输送有机碳通量分别为15.25～36.70和43.39Tg Ca-1.就生态系统而言,中国沿海红树林、盐沼湿地、海草床有机碳埋藏通量为0.36Tg Ca-1,海草床溶解有机碳（DOC）输出通量为0.59Tg Ca-1;中国近海海藻养殖移出碳通量0.68Tg Ca-1,沉积和DOC释放通量分别为0.14和0.82Tg Ca-1.总计,中国海有机碳年输出通量为81.72～103.17Tg Ca-1.中国海的有机碳输出以DOC形式为主,东海向邻近大洋输出的DOC通量约15.00～35.00Tg Ca-1,南海输出约31.39Tg Ca-1.综上,尽管从海-气通量看中国海是大气CO2的\"源\",但考虑了河流、大洋输入、沉积输出以及微型生物碳泵（DOC转化输出）作用后,中国海是重要的储碳区.需要指出的是,文章数据是基于中国海各海区碳循环研究报道,鉴于不同研究方法上的差异,所得数据难免有一定的误差范围,亟待将来统一方法标准下的更多深入研究和分析.国家重点研发计划项目(编号:2016YFA0601400);;国家自然科学基金项目(批准号:91751207、91428308、41722603、41606153、41422603);;中央高校基础研究项目(编号:20720170107);;中海油项目(编号:CNOOC-KJ125FZDXM00TJ001-2014、CNOOCKJ125FZDXM00ZJ001-2014)资