347 research outputs found

    仙蜜果花中酪氨酸酶抑制剂提取的探讨

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    仙蜜果属仙人掌科植物,可用作水果、蔬菜、花卉等,具有很高的经济效益和市场价值.本文分析比较了仙蜜果花不同部位(花瓣、花苞、花芯)以及不同提取方式对酪氨酸酶活力的影响,从而对仙蜜果中提取酪氨酸酶抑制剂的可行性进行探讨.经过比较,发现超声波萃取法提取酪氨酸酶抑制剂优于传统热回流法,醇提法优于水提法,仙蜜果花中花苞部位对酪氨酸酶抑制效果最好,经过石油醚萃取可进一步提纯酪氨酸酶的抑制剂

    大孔吸附树脂浓缩火龙果色素的研究

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    探讨了吸附和洗脱火龙果色素的方法和条件.该色素在535nm处有最大吸收峰.S 8型大孔吸附树脂对火龙果色素具有较好的吸附能力.乙醇浓度对树脂上色素的解吸有影响,当浓度为40%时解吸效果最好.考察了不同进样速度下树脂柱的泄漏和不同的酸浓度对洗脱峰的影响,结果选择1.5mL/min的进样速度及0.2%HCl 40%乙醇溶液为洗脱剂.经吸附-洗脱循环,色素液浓缩17倍以上,回收率达93.4%,且色素浓缩液具有较好的稳定性

    浅谈食品分析教学中多媒体技术的应用

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    食品分析是食品专业的专业基础课程。在教学过程中采用多媒体实践教学手段,即能使实验内容形象逼真、直观简洁,同时也能及时地将目前我国出现的食品安全问题溶入教学过程中,使理论与实际紧密结合。通过食品分析的多媒体教学,不仅扩大了学生的知识面,也能激发学生的学习兴趣,将会取得良好的教学效果

    锯缘青蟹NAGase在DMSO溶液中的失活动力学

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    以二甲亚砜(DMSO)为效应物,研究其对锯缘青蟹N-乙酰-β-D-氨基葡萄糖苷酶(NAGase)活力的影响.结果表明,酶的剩余活力随着DMSO浓度增高而迅速下降,当DMSO浓度达4.0 mol/dm3时,酶活力几乎完全丧失.该酶在低于2 mol/dm3的DM-SO溶液中的失活作用表现为可逆过程.导致酶活力丧失50%的DMSO浓度(IC50)为0.75 mol/dm3.应用酶失活过程的底物反应动力学方法测定了游离酶(E)和酶-底物络合物(ES)在不同浓度DMSO溶液中的微观失活速度常数k+0和k+′0,k+0明显大于k+′0,说明游离酶较酶-底物络合物对DMSO更为敏感,底物对酶被DMSO失活有保护作用.随着DMSO浓度增加,逆向微观复活速度常数k-0不断下降,这说明NAGase在高浓度DMSO中失活的可逆性减弱

    金属离子对鲍鱼碱性磷酸酶活力的影响

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    碱性磷酸酶(ALP,EC3.1.3.1)是一种金属酶,其结构的维持和酶活性的表现均需金属离子.本文研究了几种金属离子分别对鲍鱼ALP活力的影响.结果表明,Li+,Na+和K+等正一价碱金属离子对酶活力没有任何效应;碱土金属离子Mg2+,Ca2+和Ba2+对酶有激活作用,其激活程度依次为:Mg2+>Ca2+>Ba2+,而且Mg2+在5.0mmol/L时可以使酶活力提高267%;在过渡金属离子中,Zn2+,Mn2+,Co2+和Cu2+对酶的效应不同,Zn2+、Cu2+为抑制作用,而Co2+、Mn2+表现为激活作用;重金属离子Hg2+、Pb2+、Ag+和Cd2+对酶有抑制作用,其中Hg2+的抑制效应最强,1.0mmol/LHg2+可使酶活力抑制94%.研究Mn2+和Cu2+的抑制类型表明,Mn2+为混合型激活作用,而Cu2+对酶的抑制类型为非竞争性抑制作用,其抑制常数(KI)为0.316mmol/L

    鱼皮胶原蛋白的纯化及酶解性质的研究

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    分别对鲨鱼、鲢鱼、草鱼、罗非鱼鱼皮的胶原蛋白进行提取、纯化并进行SDS PAGE电泳分析,对它们的酶解性质进行研究.结果表明,提取的胶原蛋白有较高纯度,是典型的I型胶原蛋白.4种鱼皮胶原蛋白均能被胰蛋白酶和蛋白酶K水解,两种酶酶切位点有差异.不同鱼种鱼皮胶原蛋白的一级结构不同.本实验的酶解条件是适宜的

    p38 MAPK及其抑制剂在子宫内膜异位症中的作用

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    子宫内膜异位症(EMs)是与炎症有关的雌激素依赖性疾病。p38丝裂原活化蛋白激酶(p38MAPK)受性激素、炎症因子等因素的激活,在细胞凋亡、增殖、炎症、应激等多种细胞反应中起着重要的作用,并直接参与子宫内膜异位症发生发展过程的调控。p38MAPK信号转导通路在性激素和炎症之间的特殊调节作用,将有助于更好地理解子宫内膜异位症错综复杂的病理假说。p38MAPK抑制剂在子宫内膜异位症的研究中发挥重要作用,且前景广阔。在信号通路水平上阻断和调控p38MAPK的表达和活性,有望成为防治子宫内膜异位症的新策略

    The action of p38 MAP kinase and its inhibitors on endometriosis

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    子宫内膜异位症(EMS)是与炎症有关的雌激素依赖性疾病。P38丝裂原活化蛋白激酶(P38MAPk)受性激素、炎症因子等因素的激活,在细胞凋亡、增殖、炎症、应激等多种细胞反应中起着重要的作用,并直接参与子宫内膜异位症发生发展过程的调控。P38MAPk信号转导通路在性激素和炎症之间的特殊调节作用,将有助于更好地理解子宫内膜异位症错综复杂的病理假说。P38MAPk抑制剂在子宫内膜异位症的研究中发挥重要作用,且前景广阔。在信号通路水平上阻断和调控P38MAPk的表达和活性,有望成为防治子宫内膜异位症的新策略。Endometriosis,an oestrogen-dependent disorder,is related to inflammation.p38 Mitogen activated protein kinases (p38 MAPK) can be activated by sex hormone and inflammatory factors,which plays an important role in many cellular reactions such as apoptosis,proliferation,inflammation and stresses,etc.Many studies showed that p38 MAPK was participated directly in regulating the pathogenesis of endometriosis.The special regulatory action of p38 MAPK on sex hormone and inflammation may help us to understand the intricate endometriosis pathological hypothesis.p38 MAPK inhibitors play a key role in the the study of endometriosis,and show great promise for the future.Blocking and regulating the expression of p38 MAPK on the signal transduction pathway level may hope to be a new strategy to prevent and treat endometriosis.厦门市科技计划指导性项目(3502Z20077047;3502Z20084006);福建省医学创新课题资助计划项目(2009-CXB-49

    Description on Mononchida from Southern District,Fujian

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    单齿类线虫是植物寄生线虫的天敌,利用其生防植物线虫病具有很大潜力.报道福建省南部地区捕食性线虫4属7种,其中国内新记录4种.每种经描述和详细绘图A survey of predacious nematodes (Mononchida)was carried out in southern district, Fujian.A total of 7 species of nematodes,Mononchida are described and illustrated in detail.They are Mononchus truncatus,Mylonchulus hawaiiensis,Mylonchulus lacustris,Iotonchus parabasidontus,Miconchus pararapax,Mononchus aquaticus and Mylonchulus minor,and the latter four species are new records in China.福建省自然科学基

    Insecticidal Activity for Benzaldehyde L-Cysteine Schiff Base Combined with Xylosma Wood Vinegar

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    木醋碱杀虫剂是一种基于木炭副产物木醋液的绿色杀虫剂,是将精馏木醋液、苯甲醛L-半胱氨酸席夫碱、水杨酸按照一定比例配制而成的.以酪氨酸酶筛选模型研究了苯甲醛L-半胱氨酸席夫碱、精馏木醋液、木醋碱杀虫剂对酪氨酸酶的抑制作用,其导致酪氨酸酶活性的半抑制质量浓度(IC50)分别为15,2.53,0.53 mg/m L.探讨了木醋碱杀虫剂对小菜蛾(Plutella xylostella)、棉铃虫(Helicoverpa armigera)、玉米螟(Pyrausta nubilalis)幼虫的杀虫活性,结果表明木醋碱杀虫剂中苯甲醛L-半胱氨酸席夫碱质量浓度达到15 mg/m L时即可对小菜蛾、棉铃虫、玉米螟二龄幼虫达到很好的杀灭效果.急性毒理实验表明木醋碱杀虫剂实际无毒.慢性毒理研究按照3 g/kg给药量连续灌胃3个月,昆明小鼠的肝脏和肾脏并不存在毒理性变化,表明木醋碱杀虫剂没有慢性毒性.综上所述,木醋碱杀虫剂不仅对酪氨酸酶有很好的抑制作用,还对小菜蛾、棉铃虫、玉米螟等常见农业害虫具有较强的毒杀活性,且实际无毒,具有良好的农业应用前景.The wood vinegar was based on by-product in the process of firing Xylosma charcoal.The wood vinegar base insecticide was a new green type insecticide.We mixed the rectificated wood vinegar,benzaldehyde L-cysteine Schiff base and salicylic acid to make the wood vinegar base insecticide proportionally.The inhibition on tyrosinase in screening model of benzaldehyde L-cysteine Schiff base,rectificated wood vinegar and the wood vinegar base insecticide were determined. The half maximal inhibitory concentration( IC50) were 15,2. 53,0. 53 mg/m L,respectively.Additionally,the insecticidal effects on Plutella xylostella,Pyrausta nubilalis and Helicoverpa armigera of wood vinegar base insecticide were investigated.The results showed that the wood vinegar base insecticide could effectively kill the second-stage juveniles of P.xylostella,P. nubilalis and H. armigera. The results showed that the wood vinegar base insecticide had insecticidal effect.The acute toxicological results showed that the wood vinegar base insecticide had no toxicity.In the chronic toxicological experiment,the group was given a gavage of 3 g / kg with the wood vinegar base insecticide in 3 months.We took the liver and kidney in paraffin section and HE staining after executing the Kunming mouse with cervical dislocation method.The results showed that the wood vinegar base insecticide had no chronic toxicity.In conclusion,the wood vinegar base insecticide could not only inhibit the tyrosinase acitivity,but also show good insecticidal effects on P. xylostella,P. nubilalis and H. armigera with low toxicity.The wood vinegar base insecticide had shown good application prospects in agricultural areas.国家自然科学基金(31371857
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