The prevalence of hypertension in children and adolescents and affecting factors

Introduction: The incidence of hypertension (HT) has recently increased among children, and factors affecting the development of HT vary between regions; therefore, we determined the prevalence of high blood pressure (BP) and HT in children and adolescents in our region and risk factors affecting HT. Methods: BP measurements were properly conducted in 3170 children and adolescents aged between seven and 17 years in our province. Children's BP measurements evaluated anthropometrically were also classified under the nomograms of the American Academy of Pediatrics-2017. Statistical analysis were evaluated regarding gender, age, and anthropometric values. Results: HT was detected in 4.83% of 1592 children aged between seven and 12 years, and 7.6% of 1,578 children aged between 13 and 17 years, with a total rate of 6.21% (n=197). The risks of high BP and HT increased 1.231 times with a one-year increase in age (p<0.001). Likewise, the male gender also increases those risks 2,071 times, compared with the female gender (p<0.001). Compared to underweight participants, the risk of HT was observed to increase approximately six times among overweight individuals. Finally, obesity was also found to increase the risk of HT by approximately 26 times, compared with underweight individuals (p<0.001). Conclusion: As a result, such effects as malnutrition, increase in age, and male gender were detected as the factors increasing the risk of HT development in children aged between seven and 17 years. The measurement of BP should be a part of routine physical examination in children and adolescents

Şihabuddin Es-Sivasî ve Uyunu't Tefâsir'indeki metodu

Yer yer Ayetler arasındaki mana münasebetlerine temas eder

Evaluation of the Relationship between Simple Hemogram Indexes and Disease Severity Scores in Pediatric Familial Mediterranean Fever

Aim: In recent years, it has been seen that simple complete blood count (CBC) parameters can be used to show subclinical inflammation in patients with familial Mediterranean fever (FMF). The aim of this study is to determine whether there is a difference in CBC parameters among FMF patient groups divided according to disease severity scores.Material and Methods: FMF patients followed up in our clinic between 2016 and 2019, were reviewed for medical records. They were divided into three groups as those with mild, moderate, and severe diseases according to the disease severity scoring systems by Pras et al., Mor et al., and International Severity Score of FMF (ISSF). Red cell distribution width (RDW), platelet, neutrophil, lymphocyte, RDW-platelet ratio (RPR), platelet-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) of the patients were compared among the groups.Results: According to the scoring system of Pras et al., lymphocyte value was found significantly higher in the group with severe disease compared to the groups with mild and moderate diseases (p=0.031). PLR was significantly lower in the group with severe disease compared to moderate diseases according to the scoring system of Mor et al (p=0.008). According to ISSF, there was no difference among the groups in terms of CBC parameters.Conclusion: Different results were obtained according to all three scoring systems. Since the ISSF is the most common and suitable system for use in FMF patients, we can conclude that there is no relationship between disease severity and RDW, RPR, NLR and PLR

The Effect of Gene Mutations on Disease Severity Scores in Pediatric Familial Mediterranean Fever Patients

Objectives: Familial Mediterranean Fever (FMF) is a self-limiting autoinflammatory disease. In order to better understand the prognosis of diseases, disease severity scores are used. The aim of this study is to determine the effect of genetic mutations on disease severity scores in children with FMF. Methods: 303 patients between the ages of 0-18, who were diagnosed with FMF according to Yalçınkaya-Özen diagnostic criteria and whose gene analysis was studied, were evaluated retrospectively. Pras et al's scoring system, Mor et al's scoring system and International severity score of FMF (ISSF) scoring system were applied to all patients. Genotypes were compared according to disease severity scores. Results: When the patients were divided into 4 groups as M694V homozygous, heterozygous, M694V/other allele combined heterozygous and other mutations, according to the score of Pras et al., the frequency of mild disease tended to be less in the M694V homozygous group. When the patients divided as homozygous M694V, heterozygous M694V, heterozygous E148Q, heterozygous M694V/M680I combined mutations, according to the score of Pras et al., mild disease was found to be less common in the homozygous M694V group. When patients were divided into homozygous and heterozygous M694V groups, the disease was more severe in the homozygous M694V group according to the three scoring systems. Conclusions: Based on the scoring system described by Pras et al., the rate of severe disease was higher in patients with homozygous M694V allele, whereas the rate of mild disease was statistically significantly higher in the heterozygous group compared with homozygous group

Effects of Isolated Viral Pathogens and Treatment Strategies in the Course of Acute Bronchiolitis

Giriş ve Amaç: Akut bronşiyolit süt çocukluğunda ve 2 yaşından küçük çocuklarda, genellikle viral etkenlere bağlı gelişen ve hastaneye yatışın majör sebeplerinden olan bir alt solunum yolu enfeksiyonudur. Çalışmamızın amacı akut bronşiolit nedeniyle hastanede yatan çocuklarda izole edilen laboratuvar bulguları ve uygulanan tedavi yöntemlerinin hastaların yatış sürelerine etkisini araştırmaktır.Yöntem ve Gereçler: Bu amaçla Konya Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi Çocuk Kliniğinde Aralık 2013 - Mayıs 2014 tarihleri arasında bronşiyolit tanısıyla yatarak takip edilen 95 hastanın dosyaları retrospektif olarak incelendi.Bulgular: En fazla izole edilen viral patojenler respiratuvar sinsityal virüs (%21.8) ve rinovirüs idi (%21.8). Sadece rinovirüs üreyen grupla üreme olmayan grup arasında yatış süreleri açısından anlamlı bir fark bulunamazken, sadece RSV-A üreyen ve RSV-ARinovirüs birlikte üreyen grupta hastanede yatış süreleri anlamlı derecede uzun bulundu. İnhale bronkodilatatör, ipratropium bromid, hipertonik salin tedavisi uygulanan ve uygulanmayan hasta grupları arasında yatış süreleri açısından anlamlı fark saptanmazken, inhale streoid alan olguların yatış süresi almayanlara oranla daha uzun bulundu. İmmunglobulin E (Ig E) düzeyi yüksek ölçülen hastaların ortalama yatış süreleri, normal olanlara göre anlamlı olarak uzundu. Anne sütü alan ve almayan gruplar arasında ve sigara ile temas öyküsü olan ve olmayan gruplar arasında yatış süreleri açısından anlamlı fark saptanmadı.Tartışma ve Sonuç: Sonuç olarak, RSV ve rinovirüs hala akut bronşiyolitin majör sebepleridir. İnhale steroid tedavisi almak, yüksek Ig E düzeyi ve bronşiolit sebebinin RSV olması hastanede yatış süresini uzatmaktadır.Introduction: Acute bronchiolitis, is predominantly a viral disease, part of the spectrum of lower respiratory tract diseases, and is a major cause of illness and hospitalization in infants and children younger than 2 years of age. The aim of the present study was to determine the effects of treatment protocols, other laboratory results, and isolated viral agents on the duration of hospitalization.Methods: Data of 95 children who were hospitalized with the diagnosis of bronchiolitis at the pediatrics clinic of KonyaTraining and Research Hospital between October 2013 and May 2014 were reviewed retrospectively.A Results: The most frequently seen agents were respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and rhinovirus with an equal rate of 21.8%. When patients with no isolation were compared with patients with only rhinovirus isolated, no significant difference was found in hospitalization length. However, hospitalization duration was significantly longer in patients with RSV-A infection and RSV-A and rhinovirus, than in patients with no virus isolation. While hospitalization length was not affected by receiving inhaled bronchodilator treatment, ipratropium bromide or hypertonic saline, the duration was longer in patients receiving inhaled corticosteroid compared with patients who didn't receive inhaled corticosteroid. The mean hospitalization durationwas significantly longer in patients with higher immunoglobulin E (IG E) levels. Smoke exposure and receiving breast milk in the first 6 months of life didn't influencethe length of stay in hospital.Discussion and Conclusion: In conclusion, receiving inhaled corticosteroid, high Ig E level and bronchiolitis due to RSV infection prolonged hospital stay

Estimation of the location and scale parameters of moyal distribution

In this study, we estimate the parameters of the Moyal distribution by using well-known and widely-used maximum likelihood (ML) and method of moments (MoM) methodologies. The ML estimators of the location and scale parameters of the Moyal distribution cannot be obtained in closed forms therefore iterative methods should be utilized. To make the study complete, modifed ML (MML) estimators for the location and the scale parameters of the Moyal distribution are also derived. The MML estimators are in closed forms and asymptotically equivalent to the ML estimators. Efficiencies of the MML estimators are compared with their ML and MoM counterparts using Monte-Carlo (MC) simulation study. Results of the simulation study show that the ML estimators are more efficient than the MML and MoM estimators for small sample sizes. However when the sample size increases performances of the ML and MML estimators are almost same in terms of the Defficiency (Def) criterion as expected. At the end of the study, a real data set is used to show the implementation of the methodology developed in this paper.Publisher's Versio

Evaluation of clinical and laboratory characteristics of patients with pfapa syndrome

Giriş-Amaç: Periyodik ateş, aftöz stomatit, farenjit, adenit (PFAPA) sendromu en yaygın görülen periyodik ateş sendromudur. Bu çalışmanın amacı, PFAPA sendromu tanısı olan hastaların atak sırasında klinik ve laboratuvar bulgularını ve tedavilere verilen yanıtı değerlendirmektir. Bu çalışmaya tekrarlayan ateş ve boğaz enfeksiyonu nedeniyle çocuk romatoloji polikliniği tarafından PFAPA tanısı konulmuş 63 hasta dahil edildi. Hastaların demografik, klinik ve labaratuvar verileri hasta dosyalarından retrospektif olarak değerlendirildi. 42 (%66,7) hasta erkek, 21 (%33,3) hasta kızdı. Şikayetlerin başlama yaşı ortalama 2,72±1,59 yaş idi. Tanı koyulana kadar geçen süre ortalama 1,71 ± 1,28 yaştı. Bütün hastalarda dikkat çekici bulgu olarak ateş düşürücüye yanıt vermeyen dirençli yüksek ateş mevcuttu. Hastaların 59’ unda (%93,7) lenfadenit, 56’ sında (%88,9) aftöz stomatit mevcuttu. Tetkiklerinde lökositoz, artmış C-reaktif protein ve sedimantasyon gözlendi. Steroid tedavisi ile ateşin ortalama 2.24 ± 1.13 saatte düştüğü gözlendi. Bir diğer dikkat çekici bulgu ise steroid tedavisi ile 24 saatin sonunda exudatif tonsillit bulgularının gerilediği idi. PFAPA sendromuna ait semptom ve bulgular pediatrik yaş grubunda en sık görülen semptom ve bulgulardandır. PFAPA sendromu farkındalığı klinisyenlerde arttıkça hastalar gereksiz laboratuvar tetkikleri ve tedavilerden korunmuş olacaktır.Periodic fever, aphthous stomatitis, pharyngitis, adenitis (PFAPA) syndrome is the most common periodic fever syndrome. The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical and laboratory findings of patients with PFAPA syndrome at the time of the attack and the response to the given treatments. Sixty-three individuals that applied to the pediatric rheumatology policlinic due to recurrent fever and throat infection and diagnosed with PFAPA syndrome were enrolled in this study. Patients' folders were evaluated retrospectively concerning demographic, clinical and laboratory data. Forty-two (66.7%) of the patients were male, 21 (33.3%) were female. The age of onset of complaints was 2.72±1.59 years. The average delay in diagnosis was 1.71 ± 1.28 years. The remarkable finding which was seen all of our patients was the high fever. Lymphadenitis was detected in 59 (93.7%) of the patients and aphthous stomatitis was found in 56 (88.9%) of the patients. As a laboratory finding, leukocytosis, the increase in C-reactive protein and sedimentation was observed in patients. Fever decreased within a mean of 2.24 ± 1.13 hours after steroid treatment. Another remarkable finding after the first steroid treatment was the resolution of exudative tonsillitis 24 hours after the treatment. Signs and symptoms of PFAPA syndrome are among the most common signs and symptoms in pediatric outpatient clinics. With increased awareness of PFAPA syndrome in clinicians, patients will be prevented from unnecessary laboratory procedures and medical treatments